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1.
广西原产和外引蚕豆种质资源鉴定评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在广西南宁对242份引自ICARDA和我国云南、河北、江苏、广东、甘肃及广西的蚕豆种质资源进行了连续3年的农艺性状鉴定和连续2年的抗病性鉴定。从中筛选出适宜在广西试种利用的8份优良资源。鉴定结果表明,引自ICAR—DA和甘肃、河北、江苏的材料大部分在广西结实很少或没有结实,来自纬度相近地区的广东、云南的材料结实基本正常,来自广西的材料最为正常,说明蚕豆的生态适应范围狭窄,具有很强的地域生态特点。  相似文献   

2.
中国淡水枝角类新种和新纪录的记要   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
自1952年起,中国科学院水生生物研究所即着手进行全国淡水浮游动物区系调查。迄目前为止,已经普遍地收集到了四川、湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、广东、广西、贵州、云南、新疆、青海、西藏、甘肃、陕西、山东、河北、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、内蒙等广大地区的淡水枝角类标本。同时,也注意了这类动物的生态分布状况。近几年来,作者已将这批区系材料作了全面的观察与分析。现经鉴定的淡水枝角类已达120余种,其中有若  相似文献   

3.
人工环境鉴定小豆芽苗期耐冷性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对来自中国北京187份、天津33份、河北25份、山西16份、山东6份、河南1份、安徽1份、江苏22份、四川2份、陕西3份、辽宁18份、吉林33份、黑龙江5份,日本31份和韩国1份共384份小豆种质资源进行发芽期耐冷性鉴定,并以31份资源和18个品种为试验材料,进行三叶期耐冷性鉴定研究.结果表明:筛选出发芽期耐冷性较好(耐冷指数>0.80)的资源31份;在三叶期低温8~5℃胁迫7d,资源G-I-34、JN95-0和E0064等表现出较强的耐冷性.采用三叶期低温8~5℃胁迫7d,只统计生长正常苗的方法进行小豆苗期耐冷性鉴定评价是可行的;小豆发芽期与三叶期耐冷性存在差异;苗期持续耐冷性存在差异.  相似文献   

4.
对来自中国北京187份、天津33份、河北25份、山西16份、山东6份、河南1份、安徽1份、江苏22份、四川2份、陕西3份、辽宁18份、吉林33份、黑龙江5份,日本31份和韩国1份共384份小豆种质资源进行发芽期耐冷性鉴定,并以31份资源和18个品种为试验材料,进行三叶期耐冷性鉴定研究。结果表明:筛选出发芽期耐冷性较好( 耐冷指数>0.80)的资源31份;在三叶期低温8~5℃胁迫7d,资源G-I-34、JN95-0和E0064等表现出较强的耐冷性。采用三叶期低温8~5℃胁迫7d,只统计生长正常苗的方法进行小豆苗期耐冷性鉴定评价是可行的;小豆发芽期与三叶期耐冷性存在差异;苗期持续耐冷性存在差异。  相似文献   

5.
玉米种质资源抗南方锈病鉴定   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
玉米南方锈病已成为近几年我国夏玉米生产区间歇性暴发流行的病害,对玉米生产构成严重威胁,病害流行年份可造成10%以上的产量损失。目前,已确认的抗病自交系非常有限,而抗病育种急需不同抗性控制背景的自交系。为发掘和丰富可利用的南方锈病抗源,于2008~2012年,在广西南宁采用田间人工接种方法对1589份玉米种质资源进行抗南方锈病鉴定。通过高病害压力和连续多年的鉴定,从1589份玉米种质中鉴定出高抗(HR)材料26份,占鉴定总数的1.64%;抗病(R)材料137份,占鉴定总数的8.62%;中抗(MR)水平的材料382份,占鉴定总数的24.04%;感病(S)材料489份,占鉴定总数的30.77%;高感(HS)材料555份,占鉴定总数的34.93%。总体上抗南方锈病种质较少,引进种质中抗病类型材料的比例略高。经重复鉴定,筛选出赤556等18份自交系、老来秕等3份地方品种、A69等4份来自津巴布韦的材料、引自CIMMYT的Dr11表现稳定高抗南方锈病,为今后我国玉米抗南方锈病育种提供了新的抗性资源。  相似文献   

6.
白胸苦恶鸟(Amaurornis phoenicurus),据记载,在我国的福建、台湾、广东、广西和云南为留鸟;在四川、贵州、上海、河南、陕西和甘肃为夏候鸟;偶见于河北、山西和山东。1985年10月9日,我们在辽宁省大连市西南的蛇岛上采获一雌性标本。 白胸苦恶鸟(Amaururnis phoenicurus)  相似文献   

7.
菜豆炭疽菌生理小种鉴定及普通菜豆种质的抗性评价   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
对来源于黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古、河北、云南等8个省(市)的15个菜豆炭疽菌分离物进行生理小种鉴定,鉴别出5个菜豆炭疽菌生理小种,其中81号小种出现的频率高达67%,是中国的优势小种。用81号小种对181份菜豆进行抗性鉴定,发现高抗材料2份,抗病材料43份,高感材料33份,说明我国菜豆种质资源对炭疽菌81号小种抗感差异显著,抗病资源丰富。  相似文献   

8.
入侵害虫扶桑绵粉蚧在中国的风险分析   总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18  
2008年12月16日调查发现,扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley在广州市的扶桑(Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)树上多点发生。采用GARP生态位模型分析预测该虫在中国的潜在地理分布,并参照国际上有害生物危险性分析方法,对扶桑绵粉蚧在中国的危险性作出综合评价。结果表明:中国海南、广东、广西、福建、台湾、浙江、江西、湖南、贵州、云南、重庆、湖北、安徽、上海、江苏、山东、河南等17省区的大部分区域,新疆、四川、甘肃、宁夏、陕西、山西、河北、北京、天津、辽宁、内蒙古等11省区的部分地区,都是该虫的适生区。危险性综合评价值为0.886,在中国的危害风险性很大。  相似文献   

9.
中国古生物学会湘粤桂联合组广西地质学会地层古生物委员会1985年度学术讨论会于1985年10月29日至11月2日在广西柳州市举行。来自湖南、广东、广西和邻省云南、贵州、湖北和江苏等地区的地质、冶金、煤炭、石油、核工业、海洋地质以及有关科研、教学等系统的代表出席了会议;会议收  相似文献   

10.
第一类保护动物*蜂狠(徽狠)云南西双版纳和广西南部台离报(抓胶握)台湾长尾叶狱(白脸毅)喜马拉雅地区白头叶报广西南部盘挂挑四川、甘肃、湖北西部和陕西南部该金丝拱〔燕会丝操)云南、四川西邹和西藏乐部叶众丝级(灰金丝狠)贵州梵净山拱长,抽广东海南岛、云南南部白启长,狱云南南部白掌长,攘云南南部河狸新疆北部阿尔泰地区白里琢长江中下游大熊猫(花熊、白熊)四川和陕西、甘肃局部地区马来熊云南、广东、广西等地拍熊(狼推)黑龙江、新疆北部小爪水级云南、广东、广西、福建*猫南方各省云钓(龟纹豹)华南和西南地区的(血钱豹)东南、西南、华…  相似文献   

11.
Genetic diversity and relationships of 802 faba bean (Vicia faba L.) landraces and varieties from different geographical locations of China and abroad were examined using ISSR markers. A total of 212 repeatable amplified bands were generated with 11 ISSR primers, of which 209 were polymorphic. Accessions from North China showed highest genetic diversity, while accessions from central China showed low level of diversity. Chinese spring faba bean germplasm was clearly separated from Chinese winter faba bean, based on principal component analysis and UPGMA clustering analysis. Winter accessions from Zhejiang (East China), Jiangxi (East China), Sichuan (Southwest China) and Guizhou (Southwest China) were quite distinct to that from other provinces in China. Great differentiation between Chinese accessions and those from rest of the world was shown with a UPGMA dendrogram. AMOVA analyses demonstrated large variation and differentiation within and among groups of accessions from China. As a continental geographic group, accessions from Europe were genetically closer to those from North Africa. Based on ISSR data, grouping results of accessions from Asia, Europe and Africa were obviously associated with their geographical origin. The overall results indicated that the genetic relationship of faba bean germplasm was closely associated with their geographical origin and their ecological habit.  相似文献   

12.
Li  Long  Yang  Sicun  Li  Xiaolin  Zhang  Fusuo  Christie  Peter 《Plant and Soil》1999,212(2):105-114
Interspecific complementary and competitive interactions between maize (Zea mays L. cv. Zhongdan No. 2) and faba bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Linxia Dacaidou) in maize/faba bean intercropping systems were assessed in two field experiments in Gansu province, northwestern China, plus a microplot experiment in one treatment of one of the field experiments in which root system partitions were used to determine interspecific root interactions. Intercropping effects were detected, with land equivalent ratio values of 1.21–1.23 based on total (grain+straw) yield and 1.13–1.34 based on grain yield. When two rows of maize were intercropped with two rows of faba bean, both total yield and grain yield of both crop species were significantly higher than those of sole maize and faba bean on an equivalent area basis. When two rows of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Beijing No. 5) were intercropped with two rows of faba bean, neither total yield nor grain yield of faba bean was higher than of sole faba bean on an equivalent area basis. Interspecific competition between maize and faba bean was relatively weak, with mean relative crowding coefficients of 0.99–1.02 for maize and 1.55–1.59 for faba bean. The microplot experiment in which partitions were placed between root systems showed a significant positive yield effect on maize when the root systems intermingled freely (no partition) or partly (400 mesh nylon net partition) compared with no interspecific root interaction (plastic sheet partition). This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

13.
南方锈病是玉米生产上的重要病害。2013-2015年在广西南宁和北京昌平对903份玉米种质资源进行了抗南方锈病的初步鉴定与评价,并利用SSR标记对筛选出的部分抗性材料进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在903份种质中,8份自交系在广西南宁和北京昌平均对南方锈病表现高抗(HR),占总鉴定种质的0.9%;29份材料表现为抗病(R),占比3.2%,包括27份自交系和2份农家种;中抗种质(MR)100份,占比11.1%;感病(S)和高感(HS)种质分别为181和585份,占鉴定材料的20.0%和64.8%。由此可见,玉米资源中高抗南方锈病的种质较为匮乏,在不同地点均表现高抗的材料是难得的抗源。不同地理来源的玉米种质对南方锈病的抗性水平存在较大差异,其中抗性资源较为丰富的是源自内蒙古和山西的种质。42对多态性SSR引物在50份抗锈病材料中,共扩增出141个条带,多态性条带139个,多态位点百分率(PPB)为98.58%。平均等位基因数(Na)1.98,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)1.59,平均Nei's基因多样性(H)0.34,平均多态性信息含量(PIC)0.78,平均Shannon's信息指数(I)0.51;通过UPGMA聚类分析,50份抗病材料被划分为2个类群,其中,第Ⅰ类群又可划分为5个亚类,表现出较高的遗传多样性,为抗病育种中抗源的选择和利用提供参考信息。  相似文献   

14.
RAPD方法用于区分中国烟粉虱的生物型   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
应用RAPD-PCR技术研究了中国大陆10个烟粉虱种群的生物型情况,聚类分析表明,这10个种群中包含了3种生物型:烟粉虱B型,广西型(南宁南瓜寄主)和福建型(福州地瓜)。值得注意的是,在福建并存着两种烟粉虱生物型,即苷蓝上的B型烟粉虱和甘署上的福建福州型,研究表明烟粉虱B型已经传入中国,至少在北京,山东,新疆,福建,广东等地都有发生和分布,广西型和福建型是否中国的本地土种群还需进一步研究。  相似文献   

15.
Molecular variation among Chinese and global winter faba bean germplasm   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A sample of winter faba bean germplasm from China was compared with germplasm from outside China, using AFLP analyses. Both sets of germplasm were obtained from the National Genebank of China, Institute of Crop Sciences (ICS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China. A sample of 39 winter type accessions from outside of China and 204 Chinese landraces and varieties (201 winter types and 3 spring types) were characterized with 10 AFLP primers. These detected 266 polymorphic bands. The Chinese germplasm was clearly separated from the rest of the world in principal component analysis and clustering analysis, with the spring types from China showing the greatest separation. Yunnan germplasm, both landraces and commercial varieties, showed the greatest separation among the germplasm of Chinese winter faba bean provinces. The landraces/varieties from Anhui, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Jianxi, Guizhou and Fujian provinces clustered in a central group. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

16.
首次系统研究并报道了中国海南省分布的金小蜂,记录15属19种,编制了属种检索表。同时初步探讨了海南省与洲、非洲之间在金小蜂分布上的关系。  相似文献   

17.
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a major introduced grain-legume crop cultivated in China. In this study, rhizobia that nodulated faba bean grown in soils from three sites in North China (Hebei Province) were isolated and characterized. Firstly, isolates were categorized into genotypes by ribosomal IGS PCR-RFLP analysis, then representatives of the different IGS genotypes were further identified by phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA, housekeeping (atpD, recA) and nodulation (nodC) gene sequences. Rhizobial distribution based on the IGS genotype was related to the different soil physicochemical features by redundancy analysis. IGS typing and phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA and concatenated housekeeping gene sequences affiliated the 103 rhizobial strains isolated into four Rhizobium species/genospecies. A total of 69 strains of 3 IGS types were assigned to R. sophorae, 20 isolates of 5 IGS types to R. changzhiense and 9 isolates of 3 IGS types to R. indicum. The representative strain of the five remaining isolates (1 IGS type) was clearly separated from all Rhizobium type strains and was most closely related to defined genospecies according to the recently described R. leguminosarum species complex. Rhizobium sophorae strains (67% of total isolates) were common in all sites and shared an identical nodC sequence typical of faba bean symbionts belonging to symbiovar viciae. In this first study of rhizobia nodulating faba bean in Hebei Province, China, R. sophorae was found to be the dominant symbiont in contrast to other countries.  相似文献   

18.
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important food legume crop with a huge genome. Development of genetic markers for faba bean is important to study diversity and for molecular breeding. In this study, we used Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology for the development of genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 14,027,500 sequence reads were obtained comprising 4,208 Mb. From these reads, 56,063 contigs were assembled (16,367 Mb) and 2138 SSRs were identified. Mono and dinucleotides were the most abundant, accounting for 57.5 % and 20.9 % of all SSR repeats, respectively. A total of 430 primer pairs were designed from contigs larger than 350 nucleotides and 50 primers pairs were tested for validation of SSR locus amplification. Nearly all (96 %) of the markers were found to produce clear amplicons and to be reproducible. Thirty-nine SSR markers were then applied to 46 faba bean accessions from worldwide origins, resulting in 161 alleles with 87.5 % polymorphism, and an average of 4.1 alleles per marker. Gene diversity (GD) of the markers ranged from 0 to 0.48 with an average of 0.27. Testing of the markers showed that they were useful in determining genetic relationships and population structure in faba bean accessions.  相似文献   

19.
国家库贮藏20年以上种子生活力与田间出苗率监测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
对34种作物1.4万多份的国家库贮存种子进行了生活力监测,结果表明,贮存20年后,92.9%被监测种子的发芽率仍保持在85%以上,但有155份种子(占被监测份数的1.1%)出现了明显的下降(发芽率从80%以上降至70%以下)。发芽率显著下降的作物包括蚕豆、红小豆、黄麻、蓖麻、甜菜、西瓜、烟草、牧草。小麦等8种作物2078份种子的田间出苗率调查表明,所有种质均有出苗,但有8份种质的出苗率低于10%。出苗率与入库初始平均发芽率存在差别,平均出苗率最高的作物为普通菜豆86.2%,比该批入库初始发芽率平均值低9.3%;平均出苗率最低作物为谷子39.2%,比该批种子的入库初始发芽率平均值低51.3%。总体而言,国家库内保存的作物种子中,多数可安全保存20年以上,尤其是水稻等禾谷类作物种子,但对于蚕豆、红小豆等平均监测发芽率出现显著下降的作物种子需要增加监测频率,以确保种子的长期安全保存。  相似文献   

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