金丝桃属和三腺金丝桃属植物叶的红外光谱分析及其与分类群鉴定的相关性

利用傅里叶红外光谱仪和OMINI采样器直接迅速准确地测定金丝桃属(Hypericum L.)9组43种1亚种1变种和三腺金丝桃属(Triadenum Raf)2种植物的红外光谱,结果表明:各分类群(种)的红外光谱具有高度特异性和重现性,这两属及其金丝桃属组间的红外光谱图存在较大的差异,而组内种间红外光谱图的差异较小,同种不同分布区和不同发育时期的叶的红外光谱几无差别;其红外光谱图的变化可以作为这两属植物的分类依据之.这也暗示利用已知的标准红外光谱图库,可以区分和鉴定出这两属或其他属植物的种类.     

金丝桃属和三腺金丝桃属植物叶表皮

利用扫描电镜比较观察金丝桃属9组17种1变种和三腺金丝桃属2种植物叶表皮的微形态.属间和组间的表皮微形态特征存在显著差异,组内种间也存在一定差异.说明二属的划分和金丝桃属属下的分组是合理的,同时支持Robson把椭圆叶金丝桃另立为新属的观点.     

金丝桃属和三腺金丝桃属植物叶表皮微形态特征的比较研究

利用扫描电镜比较观察金丝桃属9组17种1变种和三腺金丝桃属2种植物叶表皮的微形态,属间和组间的表皮微形态特征存在显著差异。组内种间也存在一定差异。说明二属的划分和金丝桃属属下的分组是合理的,同时支持Robson把椭圆叶金丝桃另立为新属的观点。     

金丝桃属植物的进展

本从植物分类、资源、化学成分以及药理作用几个方面,综述了近些年来国内外金丝桃属植物的研究进展。     

中国金丝桃属一新记录种−罗汉松叶金丝桃

本文报道了采自西藏吉隆县的金丝桃属金丝桃组一中国新记录种,即罗汉松叶金丝桃（Hypericum podocarpoides N. Robson）。结合野外考察和标本研究,本论文对该种进行了详细的形态描述,并对其花粉和种子微形态特征进行了显微观察和测量。此外,本文还编制了西藏产7种金丝桃组植物的检索表。     

中国金丝桃属金丝桃组(藤黄科)新分类群

描述了中国云南北部的金丝桃属Hypericum L.(藤黄科)两个新种,即楚雄金丝桃H. fosteri N. Robson和漾濞金丝桃H. wardianum N. Robson.二者均与短柱金丝桃H. hookerianum Wight & Arn.相近.楚雄金丝桃为一地方特有种,目前仅在模式地点发现;漾濞金丝桃在缅甸东北部还有分布.二者主要以蒴果伸长,非卵状近球形,萼片无中脉而有别于短柱金丝桃.此外,将宽萼金丝桃H. latisepalum (N. Robson) N. Robson从亚种提升为种;将变异较大的纤枝金丝桃H. lagarocladum N. Robson划分为两个亚种,即叶较宽、具有开张习性的原亚种纤枝金丝桃H. lagarocladum ssp. lagarocladum和叶较窄、更为直立的新亚种狭叶金丝桃H. lagarocladum ssp. angustifolium N. Robson.     

金丝桃属植物叶中分泌结构的比较解剖学研究

利用整体透明法、石蜡制片法和半薄切片法,对金丝桃属9组43种l亚种1变种的植物叶分泌结构的类型、形态、结构和分布进行了比较研究。结果表明,分泌结构是金丝桃属植物叶片普遍的结构特征,根据其分泌结构的特征,可划分为分泌细胞团、分泌囊(道)和韧皮部中分泌小管道等3种分泌结构。其中,分泌细胞团按其在叶片的分布可分为叶缘型和散生型;分泌囊按其在叶横切面中的位置可分为栅栏组织型、海绵组织型、居中型(位于栅栏组织型与海绵组织型之间)和横跨叶肉组织型。根据分泌囊和分泌细胞团在该属植物叶中的分布可划分为3种类型：(1)只有分泌囊的类型;(2)只有分泌细胞团的类型;(3)具分泌囊和分泌细胞团的类型。两种主要分泌结构的类型、分布密度、分布位置及其形态等方面在组间和种间均存在—定的差异,对金丝桃属属以下等级的区分具有一定意义。在此基础上,对该属分泌结构的形态演化以及金丝桃属各组间的亲缘关系进行了探讨。     

金丝桃属植物的研究进展

本文从植物分类、资源、化学成分以及药理作用几个方面,综述了近些年来国内外金丝桃属植物的研究进展。     

国产山姜属植物的分类与鉴定

在姜科山姜属（Alpinia）植物中,有些种类是著名的中药,如红豆蔻（A. galanga）、益智（A. oxyphylla）、高良姜（A. officinarum）和草豆蔻（A. katsumadai ）;还有一些种类,如箭秆风（A.stachyoides）、华山姜（A. chinensis）和节鞭山姜（A. conchigera）等可做民间草药使用。该属植物除普遍含有挥发油成分外,过去国内外学者从中还分离到不少活性物质,如二芳基庚烷类（diarylheptanoids）、黄酮类、萜类等,这些成分大都有抗凝血、抗溃疡、抗肿瘤及强心等功效。另外,山姜属植物中的艳山姜（A. zerumbet）、美山姜（A. formosa…     

Shoot anatomy and secretory structures in Hypericum species (Hypericaceae)

The anatomy and ultrastructure of internodes, leaves and petals were compared in Hypericum elegans, H. inodorum, H. olympicum, H. forrestii and two genotypes of H. perforatum. Internode anatomy was variable between species with respect to the structure of the cortical and pith parenchyma, including the presence of secretory reservoirs. Also, the secondary growth was more extensive in shrubs, i.e. H. inodorum and H. forrestii. In leaves, phloem secretory reservoirs were formed in all species, mesophyll secretory reservoirs were absent only in H. elegans and internal nodules were present only in H. elegans and H. perforatum. The petals differed between species in the mesophyll structure and the occurrence and location of secretory structures. The phloem secretory reservoirs lacked sheaths, whereas these were distinct in the mesophyll reservoirs. Other ultrastructural traits of the reservoirs were similar in all the species studied, with the exception of the leucoplast ultrastructure. In internal nodules, the inner cells vs. sheath cells differed in the number of vesicles and other membranous structures and plastid ultrastructure. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 163 , 70–86.     

云南金丝桃属植物资源及其园林应用

本文在调查的基础上 ,报道了云南金丝桃属植物资源的物种多样性 ,地理分布及其生境 ,并阐述了其观赏特性及园林用途。     

山茶属油茶组、短柱茶组和红山茶组植物叶的红外光谱分析及其分类学意义

利用傅立叶红外光谱仪和OMNI采样器直接、迅速、准确地测定山茶属Camellia4组63种2变种植物叶片的红外光谱,结果表明：各分类群（种）的红外光谱具有高度特异性,其红外光谱图的变化可以作为山茶属植物属下的分类依据之一。这也暗示了利用标准红外光谱图库,可以区分和鉴定出山茶属植物的种类。经主成分分析后的红外光谱数据构建的树型聚类图与先前的形态分类结果大体一致,能将油茶组sect.Oleifera和短柱茶组sect.Paracamellia植物明显区分,并且各组中亲缘关系较近的种聚在一起。因此支持它们作为两个独立的组处理。但是,红山茶组sect.Camellia内的滇山茶亚组subsect.Lucidissima和光果红山茶亚组subsect.Reticulata植物在聚类图上很难区分,建议将这两个亚组植物进行归并。最后讨论了张宏达和闵天禄系统中存在分歧的油茶组、短柱茶组和红山茶组内的种间分类关系。     

贯叶连翘的试管快繁研究

以贯叶连翘的茎节等为外植体 ,进行植株再生和快速繁殖研究。结果表明在BA、NAA、IBA和 2 ,4 -D不同组合的MS或 1/ 2MS培养基上 ,以茎段为外植体的愈伤组织和试管苗易于诱导 ;在 1/ 2MS BA 1～ 1.5 (mg/l) NAA 0 .1～ 0 .5 (mg/l)的培养基中增殖速度快 ,繁殖系数高 ;在 1/ 2MS NAA(IBA) 0 .5～ 1(mg/l)培养基中均能诱导生根。     

Phytochemical analysis and genetic characterization of six Hypericum species from Serbia

The secondary metabolite contents and genetic profiles of six Hypericum species (H. barbatum Jacq., H. hirsutum L., H. linarioides Bosse, H. maculatum Crantz, H. rumeliacum Boiss. and H. tetrapterum Fries), collected from different locations in Serbia, have been analyzed. Methanol extracts of the aerial parts of the plants were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) at 40 degrees C and 100 bar, and analyzed for five pharmacologically important standard constituents (hyperoside, quercitrin, pseudohypericin, hyperforin and hypericin) by LC-MS/MS. The highest content of hypericin and pseudohypericin was observed in the H. barbatum extract, while the highest content of hyperforin and quercitrin was found in the H. tetrapterum extract and the highest content of hyperoside in the H. maculatum extract. A literature survey shows that the above six Hypericum species, with the exception of H. maculatum, have not been previously genetically profiled. In order to correlate the chemical constituents of the species under investigation with their genetic factors, genetic profiling of these species was undertaken using the random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and single sequence repeat (SSR) profiles of the above selected plants. Among the 52 random primers used for the initial screening, only 10 yielded polymorphic RAPD profiles. A total of 111 polymorphic markers were generated using these primers. The SSR analysis shows that 8 out of the 10 primers used were polymorphic. The correlation among the species under investigation using the two genetic markers was performed using Jaccuard's coefficients of similarity and a high correlation (r=0.99) was obtained. The main conclusion from the above data is that there exists a stronger correlation for secondary metabolite contents with RAPD data than with SSR data among the six Hypericum species from Serbia.     

Toxic Effects of Pb on Anatomy and Hypericin Content in Hypericum perforatum L.

Lead (Pb) is one of the most common heavy metal contaminants in the environment. The present study was therefore undertaken to determine the effects of Pb on structural characteristics and hypericin production in Hypericum perforatum. Mature plants were treated with contaminated soil in seven treatments (75, 150, 300, 600, 800, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg Pb in soil) with three repeats per treatment every 14 days. Maximum observed Pb content in shoot parts was observed in the treatments with 600 and 1500 mg/kg Pb. The Pb concentration in roots was higher than in shoot parts, enhanced with increasing Pb concentration in the soil. In this study, Pb treatment significantly influenced the morphology, anatomy, and hypericin content in the plant. Anatomical characteristics of leaf, stem, and root affected by Pb contamination, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies, revealed structural changes in stomata and epicuticular waxes. Under Pb toxicity, anatomical symptoms occurred in leaves, including increase in sizes of epidermal cells, mesophyll tissue, and diameter of stems and roots, as well as amplified vascular bundles and pith area. This, therefore, indicated that metal contamination can change the chemical composition of this plant. Maximum hypericin content was observed in the treatment containing 600 mg/kg Pb in soil, which then decreased.     

不同产地、不同物候期对乌腺金丝桃中总黄酮含量的影响

目的:探讨不同产地、不同物候期乌腺金丝桃中总黄酮含量的变化。方法:采用比色法测定了3个产地乌腺金丝桃在不同物候期总黄酮的含量。以总黄酮为技术指标筛选乌腺金丝桃药材的采收期、黄酮含量最高的产地。结果:以总黄酮成分为指标确定的产地、采收期为:佳木斯猴石山产,花盛期采收。结论:通过研究发现乌腺金丝桃药材以勃利县产花盛期采收总黄酮含量最高,对乌腺金丝桃的开发有一定指导意义。     

用贯叶金丝桃残渣栽培香菇的研究

用提取金丝桃素后的贯叶金丝桃残渣和锯木屑作培养基分别栽培香菇 ,比较了由两种培养基栽培香菇的生物学效率、香菇的可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活力。结果表明 :用贯叶金丝桃残渣栽培的香菇有较高的生物学效率、其香菇可溶性蛋白含量和SOD活力亦高 ,说明贯叶金丝桃残渣适合栽培香菇 ,为栽培香菇开发了一种新的生物资源。     

HPLC法测定新疆贯叶连翘中绿原酸和芦丁的含量

采用液相色谱法测定贯叶连翘中绿原酸和芦丁含量。用Hyperil ODS色谱柱(12.5 cm×6.0 mm i.d.,5μm)进行分离。流动相为甲醇-1%冰醋酸梯度洗脱,流速为0.6 mL/min。检测波长为343 nm。绿原酸线性范围为0.0076~0.3040μg,相关系数R=0.9997。芦丁线性范围为0.312~3.120μg,相关系数R=0.9999。样品的平均回收率分别为101.2%,99.8%。此方法准确、快速,适用于绿原酸和芦丁的定量分析。