那坡县种子植物区系的特有现象

地处桂西南的那坡县迄今计有种子植物174科,889属,2201种。其中东亚特有科5个,中国特有属15个,那坡特有种39个。这一地区不仅植物种类丰富,而且特有现象较为显著。在15个中国特有属中,1属为那坡本地的的特有属,4属为苦苣苔科植物。中国特有种的各亚型以及39个那坡特有种所隶属的分布区类型的分析均表明,该植物区系具有强烈的热带亚洲特色。石灰岩山地的特有文化发展则是那坡植物区系的另一个显著特征,这种特有化发展在苦苣苔科中表现得尤为显著。     

云南石林地区石灰岩山地种子植物区系成分的研究

云南石林是我国为数不多的世界地质公园。分析了云南石林地区石灰岩山地植物区系从科到种的 组成特征。调查统计分析的植物共有维管植物147科533属889种,其中种子植物占133科508属846种。 种子植物科级区系成分中,以亚热带科为主,暖温带科次之。属级区系成分中,热带分布属占优势,占总属数 的56．2％,温带分布属也占近三分之一,这表明该植物区系的过渡性即亚热带性质。在其种级区系组成中,中 国特有种有328种,占总种数的40％,其次是东亚分布种和热带亚洲分布种。石林石灰岩山地种子植物区系, 从科到种的组成都充分说明了该植物区系的亚热带性质及组成上的独特性。     

海南岛石灰岩特有植物的初步研究

特有植物是了解一个地区植物区系的起源与演化规律的关键。对海南岛石灰岩特有植物的地理分布特征和分类的初步研究表明:本区共有石灰岩特有植物63种,隶属于37科52属,其中热带性的属占的比例较高;属于海南石灰岩专性种的有18种,一些种类对生长基质的要求相当严格。与其它地区比较,石灰岩山地的特有化发展在海南不很明显。从特有植物的分布来看昌江是海南一个重要的石灰岩植物分化中心。对海南石灰岩特有种比例较低的原因和保育进行了探讨。     

粤东代表山地铜鼓嶂的种子植物区系研究

调查结果表明,铜鼓嶂植物区系种类丰富,共有野生种子植物163科598属1166种,其中裸子植物5科5属6种,被子植物158科593属1160种,含有16种广东省新记录植物。铜鼓嶂种子植物区系地理成分复杂,区系中热带成分占绝对优势,同时也受到温带成分一定程度的影响,铜鼓嶂植物区系与热带植物区系联系强于温带地区。铜鼓嶂特有科仅有大血藤科（Sargentodoxaceae）1科,中国特有属8个,在种的水平上特有现象很强,中国特有种515种,占44．9％,其中中国温带一热带亚热带特有种25种,中国热带亚热带特有种490种（包括广东特有种9种,粤东特有种6种）。     

云南怒江河谷种子植物区系的特有现象

怒江是我国西南地区重要的大河之一,研究其河谷植物区系特有现象对于认识该区植物区系的特点、发生和演变以及生物多样性保护等具有十分重要的意义。本文采用样方调查和样线调查法,沿怒江河谷从最南端的中缅边境(木城)到滇藏交界地区(秋那桶)对云南怒江河谷的种子植物进行了实地调查,并通过查阅文献和标本鉴定,统计得到该区域野生种子植物164科776属1718种。其中东亚特有科4科,中国特有属1属,中国特有种316种(含68种云南特有种,包括怒江河谷特有种3种)。对该区域种子植物区系及特有性研究结果显示,其种子植物区系地理成分复杂,与其他地区植物区系联系广泛,并具有强烈的热带性;该区域种子植物科、属、种的特有性均不显著,科级特有现象表明本区系属于东亚植物区系的一部分;本区域的中国特有种在云南层面与滇西南、滇西北联系密切,在全国层面与南方与西南关系密切,在东亚层面与中国-喜马拉雅地区联系最为紧密。     

元江自然保护区种子植物区系研究

在实地考察和标本采集鉴定的基础上,对云南省元江自然保护区种子植物的组成、分布区类型和区系特征等进行了分析.结果表明:保护区有种子植物166科835属2 080种,其中,裸子植物3科4属8种;被子植物166科835属2 072种;种子植物区系表现出热带向亚热带过渡,具有明显的热带性质;种子植物区系为东亚植物区系,隶属于中国一喜马拉雅植物亚区,起源上受热带亚洲植物区系影响很大;特有类型丰富,有东亚特有科3科,中国特有属5属,中国特有种647种.     

广西特有植物区系特征研究

分析论述了广西特有植物区系特征。结果表明:(1)广西特有植物共859种,隶属于119科303属,其中蕨类植物15科22属42种,裸子植物3科4属7种,被子植物101科277属810种。这些特有种中,以草本植物种类最多,有440种,灌木、乔木类型次之。(2)地理成分复杂多样,分布交错混杂。种子植物科包含9个分布类型,属包含14个分布类型。种则依据在广西区内地理分布可划分为5个分布亚型,其中以桂西南分布种类最多。(3)科属种的水平上都表现出明显的的热带-亚热带性质。4.区系成份兼具古老性和年青性,并表现出岩溶地区特有化发展的特征。     

湖南省德夯风景名胜区种子植物区系研究北大核心CSCD

该研究在对德夯风景名胜区种子植物进行多次野外调查及查阅相关资料文献的基础上,从科、属、种层面、不同特殊生境类型,并与邻近地区进行比较,综合分析探讨德夯的植物区系特征,深入揭示该区植物区系的性质和地位,为该区自然资源的保护和管理以及持续利用提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)德夯种子植物类群丰富,该区共有野生种子植物154科710属1 626种,分别占武陵山地区种子植物科、属、种总数的94.48%、83.43%、54.00%,分别占湖南省种子植物科、属、种总数的73.33%、54.20%、33.46%。(2)该区种子植物区系地理成分复杂,科含12个分布区类型,属含14个,种含15个,科和属的地理成分均以泛热带分布型所占比例最高,种的地理成分以中国特有分布型所占比例最高;特有现象明显,该区含7个东亚特有科、2个中国特有科,27个中国特有属,588个中国特有种,其中含39个华中特有种,29个武陵山地区特有种和6个德夯特有种。(3)该区植物区系成分随生境不同出现分化,台地、悬崖、谷地3种代表性生境区系成分差异明显,和邻近的壶瓶山、小溪、乌龙山3个地区具有较高的相似性。总体上,德夯风景名胜区植物区系具有东亚植物区系特征,在武陵山地区植物区系中具有重要地位。     

云南昭通北部地区种子植物区系

基于2006年实地采集的4500余号标本,从科、属、种水平对昭通北部地区种子植物区系特征和性质进行了分析.结果表明:(1)该地区种子植物种类丰富,成分复杂,有159科640属1864种.(2)种子植物区系表现出明显的温带性质.北温带分布属127属,泛热带分布属99属,东亚分布属93属,热带亚洲分布属54属,4种类型共占总属数的60,94%,是该区种子植物区系主要来源.(3)该区植物区系较之滇中高原的小百草岭更近于华中植物区系的梵净山,应隶属于中国-日本植物亚区之华中区系,而与云南的大部分地区明显不同.(4)该区有中国特有科1科珙桐科,东亚特有科10科、中国特有属27属、中国特有种1063种,特有种的比例高达57%.丰富的特有成分,表明该区植物区系的古老性和独特性.该区植物区系具有深刻的热带亚洲的历史背景,而现代植物区系总体上已经是东亚植物区系中的华中植物区系性质.     

子午岭种子植物区系分析

子午岭林区计有种子植物94科361属689种。其中裸子植物3科8属10种1变种;被子植物91科353属678种。中国特有属8个,特有种271个,子午岭特有种1个。其种子植物区系的基本特征是：植物种类相对丰富;区系成分复杂,多种成分交汇;区系组成以华北成分为主体,以温带成分占优势;南北区系成分存在差异,垂直分布带谱不明显;在中国植物区系上隶属于泛北极植物区中国-日本森林植物亚区的华北地区黄土高原植物亚地区。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.