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1.
中国蛙类一新种(无尾目,蛙科)   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
描述了1种采自广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区的蛙类1新种,模式标本保存于沈阳师范大学自然博物馆.猫儿山林蛙,新种Rana maoershanensis sp.nov.(图1~17)正模:SYNU 06020120,雄性成体,李丕鹏和王绍能于2006年2月采集自广西壮族自治区猫儿山国家级自然保护区,海拔1 980 m.配模:SYNU 06020091,SYNU 06020122和SYNU06020124,雄性成体;SYNU06020121,SYNU06040153,SYN 0604154和SYNU 06040155,雌性成体.李丕鹏和王绍能于2006年2月和4月采集,采集地点与正模相同.蝌蚪:SYNU0602001和SYNU 0604001系列,采集信息与配模标本相同.新种具有如下主要鉴别特征:1)体略大;2)头宽略大于头长;3)背侧褶明显且略弯曲;4)胫跗关节前达眼角;5)雄性婚垫2团,无内声囊,腹部无雄性线;6)蝌蚪唇齿式多为Ⅰ:3-3/Ⅲ:1-1,少数为Ⅰ:3-3/Ⅳ.新种在头型上与中国林蛙相似,在体形上与昭觉林蛙相似.但与已知林蛙均有明显不同.新种的背侧褶略显弯曲,这一特点明显不同于主要分布于中国北方的黑龙江林蛙种组Rana amurensis group和中国林蛙种组R.chensinensis group的成员.新种与长肢林蛙种组R.longicrus group的镇海林蛙R.zhenhaiensis在背侧褶的弯曲特点上相似,但前者有别于后者的主要特点有:头型较宽扁,雌蛙后腿相对较长,蝌蚪唇齿式多为Ⅰ:3-3/Ⅲ:1-1.新种与长肢林蛙种组的其他林蛙不仅在背侧褶和头型等方面明显有别,而且蝌蚪唇齿式也显著不同.通过对四川、贵州和云南的昭觉林蛙R.chaochiaoensis成体和蝌蚪标本(包括地模标本)的核查和比较,新种的胫跗关节前达眼角,皮肤光滑,缺乏疣粒,雄性腹侧无雄性线,蝌蚪下唇乳突排列规则,中央无缺刻;而昭觉林蛙胫跗关节前达鼻孔或超过吻端,体侧和背部有圆疣或长疣,雄性背腹侧均有雄性线,蝌蚪下唇中央乳头排列稀疏或有缺刻.  相似文献   

2.
本文报道两栖纲蛙科一新种,新种具林蛙属(Rana)特征,与昭觉林蛙种组(费梁,1999)相近,但与该组成员又有明显区别,被命名为寒露林蛙Rana hanluica sp.nov.。新种有系列特征与峨眉林蛙(R.omeimonts)、昭觉林蛙(R.chaochiaoensis)相似,但又明显不同于后者,如:1)无雄性线;2)蝌蚪唇齿式为Ⅰ:3 3/1 1:Ⅲ;3)股部背侧黑褐色横斑窄,通常整齐、数目较多;4)繁殖季节在农历寒露节前后。这些特征可以与峨眉林蛙、昭觉林蛙准确区别。新种标本采自湖南省双牌县阳明山,模式标本保存在湖南师范大学动物标本馆及中国科学院成都生物研究所。  相似文献   

3.
同一生境牛蛙与昭觉林蛙蝌蚪的食性比较   总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11  
对采自昆明东北郊同一水塘的牛蛙和昭觉林蛙蝌蚪进行食性分析。结果表明 ,牛蛙蝌蚪Ⅰ、Ⅱ期的食物种类分别为 8大类 5 1种和 37种 ,而昭觉林蛙蝌蚪Ⅱ期的食物种类有 6大类 30种 ;两者的食物组成均以硅藻门、绿藻门、蓝藻门为主 ,但昭觉林蛙蝌蚪Ⅱ期与牛蛙蝌蚪Ⅰ期的摄食种类差异极显著 ,与牛蛙Ⅱ期的不显著。昭觉林蛙蝌蚪Ⅱ期与牛蛙蝌蚪Ⅰ、Ⅱ期的食物生态位重叠度分别为 0 6 95 2和 0 6 887,单位体重摄食的生物量分别是后两者的 10 96倍和 15 4 8倍 ,但百分率相似性指数并不高 (分别为 5 4 95 %和 5 8 11% )。与等重量牛蛙蝌蚪相比 ,昭觉林蛙蝌蚪食物量较大 ,即昭觉林蛙蝌蚪为生存所需要的生物量远高于牛蛙蝌蚪。本文结果及野外观察表明 ,昭觉林蛙与牛蛙蝌蚪存在较激烈的食物竞争 ,且前者处于不利地位。  相似文献   

4.
张庆  杨颖  李明会  周伟  杨炳辉 《四川动物》2007,26(2):382-385
作者比较了采自昆明东北郊的滇蛙Rana pleuraden、昭觉林蛙Rana chaochioensis、华西蟾蜍eufo andrewsi和云南小狭口蛙Calluella yunnanensis的蝌蚪。结果表明,4种蝌蚪口部形态、尾形、出水孔和肛管开口位置在第Ⅰ、Ⅱ期稳定。滇蛙蝌蚪唇齿式为Ⅰ:1—1/1—1:Ⅱ;有一出水孔位于体左侧,肛管开口于下尾鳍基部右侧,尾末端尖、短。昭觉林蛙蝌蚪唇齿式为Ⅰ:2—2/1—1:Ⅲ;有一出水孔位于体左侧,肛管开口于下尾鳍基部右侧,尾末端为尖、短。华西蟾蜍蝌蚪唇齿式为Ⅱ/Ⅲ;有一出水孔位于体左侧,肛管开口于下尾鳍基部正中,尾末端钝,几乎呈半圆。云南小狭口蛙蝌蚪无唇齿及唇乳突,口位于吻端,口缘膜状,口部马蹄形,出水孔位于腹部后端中线处;肛管开口于下尾鳍基部正中;尾末端尖,细长。肛管在下尾鳍基部的开口位置可作为蝌蚪分类特征。  相似文献   

5.
辽宁蛙科一新种:无尾目   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
1986-1987年4月在辽宁省桓仁县采到25只成蛙。其鉴别特征为,头宽大于头长;鼓膜约为眼径的1/2;背侧褶细而折曲;胫长于足;趾间全蹼,缺刻浅;雄性无声囊,无雄性线。此蛙与林蛙其它种均有明显区别,故定为新种,桓仁林蛙Rana huanrenensis sp.nov.  相似文献   

6.
1986-1987年4月在辽宁省桓仁县采到25只成蛙。其鉴别特征为,头宽大于头长;鼓膜约为眼径的1/2;背侧褶细而折曲;胫长于足;趾间全蹼,缺刻浅;雄性无声囊,无雄性线。此蛙与林蛙其它种均有明显区别,故定为新种,桓仁林蛙Rana huanrenensis sp.nov.  相似文献   

7.
林蛙蝌蚪与幼蛙的人工饲养王宝贵,王建军,付立中(吉林省农业科学院公主岭136100)林蛙和其他蛙类一样,在生长发育过程中有变态现象,所以人工孵化饲养是目前迅速发展的养蛙业中不可缺少的技术工作。但饲养的方法不当,就会造成大量的蝌蚪死亡,或者长期不变态。...  相似文献   

8.
山东省的长肢林蛙种组物种   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
前人报道天津和山东有日本林蛙的分布,但也有学者表示怀疑。本文报道采集于山东徂徕山的该类物种。从成体量度和蝌蚪唇踟式来看,与现报道的镇海林蛙和峨眉林蛙有一定差异。该物种体型大小与峨眉林蛙相近似,唇齿式为1:2-2/111  相似文献   

9.
昆嵛林蛙胚后发育的初步观察   总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19  
昆嵛林蛙(Rana kunyuensis,Lu et Li2002)是新近在山东文登昆嵛山发现的蛙科(Ranidae)蛙属(Rana)林蛙群(Wlld-frogs)的一新种。我们在23.7-26.0℃的条件下,观察了其胚后发育全过程中的形态变化。该蛙胚后发育可划分为19期,历时约49d。唇齿式多为Ⅰ:1-1/Ⅲ、少数Ⅰ:1-1/Ⅱ:1-1,为昆嵛林蛙这一新种的确立提供了形态学依据。  相似文献   

10.
大蟾蜍蝌蚪与中国林蛙蝌蚪生长发育的温度效应   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2  
将大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)蝌蚪及中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)蝌蚪分别饲养在5℃、15℃、25℃3个不同的温度条件下,通过定时定量喂食及测量其全长、体长、体宽的变化,分析温度对蝌蚪生长发育的影响。实验结果表明:(1)在5℃下,大蟾蜍蝌蚪的全长和中国林蛙蝌蚪的全长及体长的增长速率最快;在25℃下,大蟾蜍蝌蚪的体长、体宽和中国林蛙蝌蚪的体宽的增长速率最快。(2)在不问温度条件下,大蟾蜍蝌蚪的全长和体长与时间都呈指数关系,而体宽的生长发育与时间呈一种对数增长关系;中国林蛙蝌蚪的全长和体长与时间都呈对数关系,而体宽的生长发育与时间呈一种线形关系,并且相关系数尺都在0.75以上。(3)在相同时间内,25℃的温度条件下大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪的变态率最高;在5℃的温度条件下,两种蝌蚪都不能完成变态发育过程,温度对大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪的生长发育有显著影响,生长发育速度随生长温度的升高而加快。  相似文献   

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Chronic inflammation induced by Helicobacter pylori infection is a critical factor in the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Central to this inflammation is the initiation of pro‐inflammatory signaling cascades within epithelial cells, in particular those mediated by two sensors of bacterial cell wall components, nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐containing protein 1 (NOD1) and alpha‐protein kinase 1 (ALPK1). H pylori is, however, also highly adept at mitigating inflammation in the host, thereby restricting tissue damage and favoring bacterial persistence. H pylori modulates host immune responses by altering cytokine signaling in epithelial and myeloid cells, which results in increased proliferation of regulatory T cells and downregulation of effector T‐cell responses. H pylori vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) has been shown to play an important role in the dampening of immune responses and induction of immune tolerance capable of protecting against asthma. It is also possible to generate protective immune responses by immunization with various H pylori antigens or their epitopes, in combination with an adjuvant, though this for now has only been shown in mouse models. Novel non‐toxic adjuvants, consisting of modified bacterial enterotoxins or nanoparticles, have recently been developed that may not only enhance vaccine efficacy, but also help translate candidate vaccines to the clinic. This review will summarize the main discoveries in the past year regarding host immune responses to H pylori infection, as well as the design of new vaccine approaches against this infection.  相似文献   

13.
To investigate the evolutionary relationships among species of Afrotrichloris, Apochiton, Coelachyrum, Dinebra, Eleusine, Leptochloa, and Schoenefeldia of subtribe Eleusininae, a phylogeny based on DNA sequences from nine gene regions (ITS, rps16-trnK, rps3, rps16, rpoC2, rpl32-trnL, ndhF, ndhA, ccsA) is presented. Previous molecular phylogenies indicated that Coelachyrum was polyphyletic and Schoenefeldia was paraphyletic, with Afrotrichloris embedded within it. Apochiton burttii was embedded in the Coelachyrum clade paired with C. longiglume, Coelachyrumpoiflorum was placed outside of Coelachyrum and sister to Eleusine, and Schoenefeldia is paraphyletic, with its two species forming a grade sister to Afrotrichoris. Our molecular phylogeny supports recognition of a new genus, Schoenefeldiella, and a new combination, Schoenfeldiella transiens. In addition, we provide generic emendations for Coelachyrum, which now includes five species including a new combination proposed here, Coelachyrum burttii, and Eleusine, which now includes 11 species.  相似文献   

14.
《Geobios》1999,32(4):538
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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy. Exposure to sunlight is the most important risk factor. Most, if not all, cases of BCC demonstrate overactive Hedgehog signaling. A variety of treatment modalities exist and are selected based on recurrence risk, importance of tissue preservation, patient preference, and extent of disease. The pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, histopathology, and management of BCC will be discussed in this review.  相似文献   

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Islands: stability, diversity, conservation   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Islands present both a diversity and a stability paradox. They are often highly species-poor but have considerable biological interest in terms of extraordinary endemic genera and taxonomically isolated groups. They appear to be stable, as in some cases these organisms have persisted for many millions of years, and having an oceanic climate, extreme climatic events may be comparatively rare. However, when subject to extrinsic (anthropogenic) disturbance they do not appear to be stable, but often suffer catastrophic ecological change. These apparent paradoxes are resolved when it is realized that all these features are consequences of the same island characteristics: biotic isolation and oceanicity. As a result of these two characteristics, far oceanic islands are quantitatively different from continental systems in the nature of their ecological processes, which appear to give rise to an extreme punctuated equilibrium model of evolutionary change. Endemics may be ancient relict endemics displaying prolonged stasis and persistence, or products of adaptive radiation representing rapid punctuational events. A process-based definition of a relict endemic (palaeoendemic) is one whose founding lineage (i.e. the original continental source taxon) has not left any descendents. A corollary of this definition is that the time of divergence between an endemic and its continental sister-group should predate the colonization of the island by the now endemic lineage. An example is Dicksonia arborescens which has been on St Helena for at least 9 Myrs and no longer occurs in the likely source area of Africa. These relict endemics, frequent on islands, are important as the last remnants of tranches of biodiversity that have vanished elsewhere. Island conservation strategies require an integrated understanding of both sides of the diversity and stability paradox so that both island processes and island organisms can be conserved.  相似文献   

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