概念图策略在生理学教学实践中的应用

目的:探讨概念图策略在高职护理专业生理学教学实践中的效果。方法:随机抽取57名学生作为实验组,54名学生作为对照组;实验组施行概念图策略教学法,对照组则采用传统教学法。分别比较两组学生的单元测验成绩和期末考试成绩,并于全部课程结束后进行问卷调查,分析调查结果。结果:实验组学生的单元测试成绩和期末考试成绩均明显高于对照组学生,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组94.34%的学生认为教学能够提高学习主动性,而对照组为64.81%;实验组84.21%的学生认为教学有助于提升对课程内容的理解,而对照组为64.11%;实验组87.72%的学生认为教学促进师生互动,而对照组为38.89%;实验组84.21%的学生认为教学可增强团队合作精神,而对照组为57.41%。实验组的调查结果明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:将概念图策略引入高职护理专业的生理学课程教学实践中,能够更好的帮助学生掌握生理学的理论体系,提升教学质量,提高学生的专业知识水平。     

翻转课堂结合学生小讲课在临床微生物学检验技术实习教学中的探索

探讨翻转课堂结合学生小讲课在临床微生物学检验技术实习教学中的应用价值。选择在中南大学湘雅三医院检验科实习的2018年医学检验技术专业实习生48名为对照组,2019年的42名实习生为实验组。对照组采用传统的实习带教模式,实验组采用翻转课堂结合学生小讲课的教学模式。两组实习生均接受出科考试及满意度调查问卷填写,比较两组教学方式的效果。结果显示,实验组出科考试的理论成绩、操作成绩及总成绩均高于对照组(P0.05),实验组对实习满意率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。表明翻转课堂结合学生小讲课应用于临床微生物学检验技术实习教学,可以有效提高实习生的实习效能,值得进一步推广。从传统实习教学模式的现状和不足、翻转课堂与学生小讲课相结合实习教学模式在临床微生物学检验技术实习教学中的引入、构建和效果评估方面进行了探讨。     

概念图在医学微生物学教学中的应用

概念图已成为各种教育背景下的学习工具,通过概念图可以构建学生的知识结构、促进学生批判性思维的发展和对知识的理解。本文初步探讨了概念图在医学微生物学教学准备、教学实施及教学评价等方面的有效应用。     

云班课在医学细胞生物学混合式教学中的教学效果初探

该文旨在分析基于云班课混合式教学在医学细胞生物学课程中的教学效果。选取南方医科大学十个专业的2019级和2020级本科生为研究对象,实验组(2020级)采用以传统授课为主,云班课为辅的混合式教学;对照组(2019级)采用传统课堂教学;课程结束后,以期末考试成绩和收集的实验组教学效果调查问卷为统计分析的基本资料。实验组期末成绩的平均值为74.21分,对照组为72.40分;实验组期末成绩及格率为91%,对照组及格率为85%,具有统计学差异(P0.05)。问卷调查结果显示,实验组学生对云班课混合式教学方法的认同程度高。将基于云班课混合式教学的方法应用于医学细胞生物学教学能够在一定程度上提升教学效果及学生的学习兴趣。     

WPBL教学法在“微生物学检验”教学中应用的探索

为了探讨WPBL教学法在"微生物学检验"教学中的应用效果,对本院2008级检验医学专业66名学生进行分组教学,实验组采用WPBL教学法,对照组采用传统教学法。课后对2组学生进行理论测试,同时对实验组进行问卷调查。经统计,实验组的测试成绩明显优于对照组(P0.01),且2组学生测试成绩的及格率差异有统计学意义(P0.05);问卷调查显示90%以上的学生对WPBL教学法感兴趣,认为WPBL教学法能提高学习兴趣、自学能力和分析解决问题的能力。从结果看,WPBL教学法能够提高"微生物学检验"教学质量。     

PBL教学模式在病原生物学、免疫学及感染病学课程整合改革中的探索与实践

探讨问题导向教学(PBL)方法在病原生物学、免疫学及感染病学课程整合改革中的教学效果及意义。以中国医科大学2009级七年制临床系学生240人为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组各120人。实验组采用PBL教学方法,教学内容采用病原生物学、免疫学及感染病学整合,对照组采用传统教学方法,教学内容为传统病原生物学课程,2组由相同教师授课,采用期末考试和教学效果自评调查问卷的方式评价教学效果。实验组与对照组相比,期末考试成绩无统计学差异(P>0.05),但病例分析题成绩有统计学差异(P<0.01)。2种学生的自评调查问卷中,实验组的自学能力、团队协作能力及发现问题解决问题的能力均显著高于对照组(P均<0.01)。PBL教学模式能有效提高教学质量,具有一定的示范及推广价值。     

CBL结合PBL及LBL教学方法在胸外科临床实习中的应用

摘要目的：探讨CBL结合PBL及LBL的教学方法在胸外科临床实习中的应用效果。方法：选取我院胸外科临床实习学生共60人为研究对象,随机将其分为实验组及对照组,每组各30人。实验组采用CBL＋PBL-4-LBL教学方法;对照组采用LBL教学方法。在学习结束时,采用闭卷考试的形式进行成绩考核;同时采用不记名问卷调查,进行两种教学效果和教学模式的评价。结果：两组学生在理论知识考试部分成绩水平持平,无统计学差异。但是实验组学生在病例分析、基本技能及总成绩等部分成绩明显高于对照组。PBL＋CBL＋LBL教学方法在激发学习兴趣、提高学习积极性、自学能力、建立独立思维模式等方面显著高于LBL组。结论：CBL＋PBL＋LBL教学方法优于传统教学,可以提高学习的积极性,有助于医学生临床思维和实践能力的培养。     

全日制专升本药学专业医学微生物学教学的改革探索

目的:研究全日制专升本医学微生物学教学改革方法及效果。方法:选取滨州医学院药学院2010年入学全日制药学专升本学生140人,随机分为2组。实验组实施教学模式改革,对照组采取传统教授法教学模式。问卷调查对比两组学生对教师授课的满意度,统计分析两组学生理论考试成绩。结果:实验组学生对教师授课满意度高于对照组,实验组考试成绩高于对照组,差异有显著性。结论:对全日制专升本学生实施教学模式改革,做到了因材施教,促进学生对知识的融会贯通,改革后教学模式的教学效果优于传统教学模式。     

情境教学法与模拟人在七年制临床诊断见习课中的应用

目的:探讨情境教学法与模拟人在七年制临床诊断见习课中应用的效果。方法:选取2014年9月-2015年2月首都医科大学宣武医院七年制医学生60人,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组30人。实验组采用情境教学法,并配合医学模拟人训练。课程结业后发放学生调查问卷,统计平时测试和期末考试成绩。结果:实验组学生学习兴趣及满意度高于对照组;实验组平时查体技能与病历分析成绩均好于对照组(8.5±0.6比7.0±0.7,8.6±0.9比7.1±1.0,均P0.05),期末全身查体技能及理论试卷成绩也高于对照组(253.5±7.4比241.7±9.9,87.1±3.9比79.2±5.9,均P0.05)。将平时测试和期末考试成绩按比例计算本门的考核成绩,实验组考核成绩高于对照组(88.5±2.2比80.3±3.0,P0.05)。结论:在临床诊断见习课中应用情境教学法与模拟人训练可提高七年制医学生的学习兴趣和考核成绩。     

线上线下混合式教学在胚胎学教学中的应用

以我校2018级临床医学专业本科生为研究对象,8个班为实验组,采用线上线下混合式教学模式,其余8个班为对照组,采用传统教学模式。通过期末考试、问卷调查等方式,分析混合式教学模式在胚胎学中的教学效果。期末成绩分析表明,实验组胚胎学成绩明显高于对照组。调查问卷结果显示实验组学生对混合式教学模式普遍感到满意。混合式教学模式对激发学生学习兴趣,增强学生的自主学习能力、发现问题和解决问题等方面有明显的促进作用,并能促进师生互动,同时也提高教师教学水平。本研究为混合式教学模式的推广应用奠定了实践基础。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.