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1.
山东省潍坊地区汉族青少年Heath-Carter法体型研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
金利新  朱钦 《人类学学报》2004,23(3):229-232
应用Heath-Carter人体测量法对山东省潍坊地区2511名(男1253名、女1258名)7-19岁的汉族学生进行了体型评定。结果是:城市汉族男生平均体型7-15岁为三胚层中间型,16-18岁为内胚层一中胚层均衡型;乡村男生平均体型7-10岁为中胚层一外胚层均衡型,11-14为偏中胚层的外胚层体型,15-17岁为三胚层中间型,18-19岁为内胚层-中胚层均衡型。城市女生平均体型7-9岁为三胚层中间型,10岁为均衡的内胚层体型,11-12岁为外胚层-中胚层均衡型,13-18岁为均衡的内胚层体型;乡村女生7-12岁为均衡的外胚层体型,13-14岁为内胚层一外胚层均衡型,15-18岁为均衡的内胚层体型。  相似文献   

2.
蒙古族体型的Heath—Carter人体测量法研究   总被引:39,自引:9,他引:30  
本文运用Heath-Carler人体测量体型法,研究了内蒙古科左后旗480例蒙古族人的体型。研究结果表明:(1)蒙古族平均体型男性为内胚-中胚均衡型,女性为偏中胚型的内胚型;(2)男女间体型存在差极显著性差异;(3)随着年龄的增长,蒙古族男女体型均呈内胚型值增大,外胚型值减小的变化。女性35岁以后体型变化显著;(4)与其它群体相比,蒙古族人内胚型值较高,男性中胚型值偏低、女性外胚型值偏低。  相似文献   

3.
Body shape has a great variability determined, partly, by energy intake and physical activity, as well as by gender and age. The aim of this research was to analyse the relation between socio-economic status (SES) and body shape estimated through the somatotype, in a sample of university students. The sample included 316 males and 635 females aged 18-33. Somatotype was estimated by the Heath-Carter anthropometric technique. The information included data of SES. A MANOVA test was used to test differences among groups. The mean somatotypes were 4.0-4.4-2.3 in males and 5.4 -3.4-2.2 in females. Sexual dimorphism for the whole somatotype was found (p < 0.001). There is a greater stability of the body shape in females regarding SES and more variability in males. Males' somatotype was significantly related to SES, low socioeconomic levels were associated with high values of endomorphy and mesomorphy.  相似文献   

4.
The study of somatotypes can contribute to the understanding of variability in human body build. The aim of this study was to compare the somatotypes of Italian and Estonian schoolchildren in order to evaluate factors that might lead to variability in somatotypes. The sample consisted of 762 Italian and 366 Estonian children aged 6-11 years. They were somatotyped by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method. Data on organised extra-curricular physical activity and hours of weekly training were also collected. One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate country-related variations of somatotype in each age/sex group, while factorial ANOVA was used to test the influence of country and organised physical activity on the variability of the anthropometric characteristics and somatotype components.There are significant differences in mean somatotypes between the Italian and Estonian children in many age classes and a different constitutional trend in children from the two different countries is observed. The Italian children are more endomorphic and less mesomorphic and ectomorphic than the Estonian children. On the other hand, it emerges from factorial ANOVA, that the somatotype components do not present significant variations related to organised physical activity and to the interaction between the country of origin and sport practice. Moreover, the results of the forward stepwise discriminant analyses show that mesomorphy is the best discriminator between the two countries, followed by ectomorphy.Our findings suggest that the observed differences between Italian and Estonian children could be related mainly to country rather than to the practice of organised physical activity in the two countries.  相似文献   

5.
Using the Heath-Carter (1972) method modified byHebbelinck et al. (1973), the somatotypes ina Spanish school-age population were determined. The study shows an evolution in the components of the somatotype with age, and a distribution of somatoplots in the somatochart which presnts peculiar characteristics in both sexes.  相似文献   

6.
运用Heath-Carter人体测量法,对云南省迪庆400例康巴藏族成人和西藏林芝507例卫藏藏族成人进行了体型研究。卫藏藏族男性(5.0-6.2-1.1)和康巴藏族男性(4.4-5.1-1.6)均为偏内胚层的中胚层体型。卫藏藏族女性(5.7-6.1-0.8)和康巴藏族女性(5.6-5.7-1.1)均为内胚层-中胚层均衡型体型。总体上看,卫藏藏族和康巴藏族体型具有一致性,也存在差异。卫藏藏族男、女性和康巴藏族男、女性都属于身体线性度低,骨骼、肌肉发达,体脂丰满的体型。卫藏藏族男性、女性比康巴藏族男性、女性的脂肪更多一些,肌肉、骨骼更发达一些,体态更丰满一些。本文从藏族族源的形成以及生活环境的视角,探讨了同为藏族的卫藏与康巴藏族之间体型的异同,和同为生活在高海拔族群间体型差异产生的原因。研究结果提示藏族具有中国北方民族的体型特征。藏族的多脂肪,骨骼肌肉发达,身体粗壮的体型特征也是对高原环境的适应。  相似文献   

7.
An attempt was made to validate the contention that the first and second components of the Heath-Carter somatotype system reflect relative fatness-leanness and lean body weight respectively. Heath-Carter somatotypes and underwater weighing determinations of percentage body fat and lean body weight were performed on 128 young women and 133 young men. The analysis of the resulting data indicated only a moderate relationship between the first component and percentage body fat and practically no relationship between the second component and lean body weight. Also, a fairly high correlation was found between the second and third somatotype components indicating a possible lack of discrimination between the two.  相似文献   

8.
采用Heath-Carter体型法研究了中国蒙古族14个族群4810例(男性2117例,女性2693例)的体型。蒙古族内因子、中因子与年龄呈显著正相关,外因子与年龄呈显著负相关,即随年龄增长,身体线性度变小,体型趋于圆粗。蒙古族男性、女性体型都集中于偏内胚层的中胚层体型、内胚层-中胚层均衡体型、偏中胚层的内胚层体型。随着年龄增长,这3种体型的出现率均与年龄呈显著正相关,即蒙古族体型有向这3种体型集中的趋势。和汉族人相比,蒙古族身体更粗壮。主成分分析结果显示,东北三省蒙古族身体线性度小,体脂发达,骨骼和肌肉量较少。在体型图上北方蒙古族的点分布密集,说明北方蒙古族彼此体型比较接近,而南方的云南蒙古族由于内因子值小、外因子大,位点与北方蒙古族相距较远。在已经开展Heath-Carter体型法研究的中国族群中,蒙古族是体脂最为发达、身体线性度很小的民族。  相似文献   

9.
Somatotypes of a cross-sectional sample of 544 rural adolescents ranging in age from 11 to 17 years are described. The sample included 269 Rajput (141 girls and 128 boys) and 275 Scheduled Caste (135 girls and 140 boys) subjects. Each subject was somatotyped using the Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype protocol (Carter & Heath 1990). In all, ten anthropometric measurements namely height, weight, bicondylar diameters of humerus and femur, flexed mid-upper-arm and calf circumferences, and triceps, subscapular, supraspinale and calf skinfolds were taken. The mean somatotypes of the Rajput boys and girls were 1.62- 3.30-3.85 (mesomorphic-ectomorph) and 2.42-2.90-3.99 (balanced ectomorph), respectively. The mean somatotypes of the Scheduled Caste subjects were 1.51-3.02-3.74 (mesomorphic-ectomorph) for boys and 2.38-2.64-3.70 (balanced ectomorph) for girls. A one-way ANOVA revealed that females of both the caste groups were significantly (p < or = 0.05) more endomorphic than the males. The sex differences in other two components were not significant (p +/- 0.05). Caste differences, as revealed by a one-way ANOVA analysis, were not significant (p +/- 0.05) in both sexes. With the exception of the Rajput girls, the differences in whole somatotypes between those in an early phase of adolescence and those in an advanced phase of adolescence were not significant (p = 0.05). The results indicate that populations exposed to same environmental situations for a long period of time tend to show similarity in physique. A one-way MANOVA analysis, which used Wilk's Lambda as test statistics, revealed that from 11-17 years there was no significant change (p < or = 0.05) in component dominance of mean somatotypes in the boys and girls of the present sample. Among males of a majority of the Indian populations, ectomorphy dominates over endomorphy and mesomorphy from 11 to 17 years.  相似文献   

10.
L Kalichman  E Kobyliansky 《HOMO》2006,57(2):151-162
The aim of this large, cross-sectional study was to describe the age- and sex-related variations of the somatotype, employing Heath and Carter's method, in a Chuvasha population residing in a rural region in central Russia. The investigated sample included 802 males aged 18-89 years (mean 46.9) and 738 females aged 18-90 years (mean 48.6). We evaluated the age and sex differences by one-way ANOVA with somatotype components as dependent variables and sex or age groups as grouping variables. Sex differences of somatotypes appear to be the strongest for endomorphy, with generally higher values in women. Endomorphy in males remained virtually unchanged after 30 years of age, but endomorphy in females kept increasing up to the 6th decade, and then subsequently decreased. Virtually no differences were noted in mesomorphy and a very small difference in ectomorphy between males and females aged 18-30 years. A reduction of sexual dimorphism in all somatotype components after age 70 was also observed. The largest difference of all somatotype components appeared between age groups 18-30 and 31-40 years. Thereafter, somatotypes remained practically unchanged. Mesomorphy continued to increase until the 5th decade in both sexes, while in females, endomorphy continuously increased until their 6th decade. In the 7th and 8th decades, a decrease in mean values was observed. Mesomorphy and ectomorphy showed opposite age-related trends. Results of our study clearly suggest that in physique investigations, the somatotypes need to be studied in each sex separately, and in studies of young people, they need also to be adjusted to age.  相似文献   

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