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1.
段林东  林祁 《植物研究》2007,27(5):527-528
报道荨麻科6种1亚种1变种在我国6个省区分布的新记录,其中山东分布新记录的有海岛苎麻 (Boehmeria formosana),陕西分布新记录的有对叶楼梯草(Elatostema sinense),广东分布新记录的有台湾糯米团(Gonostegia parvifolia),贵州分布新记录的有显脉楼梯草(Elatostema longistipulum)和短毛楼梯草(E. nasutum var. puberulum),云南分布新记录的有高原荨麻(Urtica hyperborea),西藏分布新记录的有单蕊麻 (Droguetia iners subsp. urticoides)和细尾楼梯草(Elatostema tenuicaudatum)。  相似文献   

2.
Leptodactylus labrosus属于陆地坐-等型的捕食者,其食物包括地表的、掘地的及飞行昆虫,其中蚂蚁数量最多。曾有报道Bothrops asper是其天敌。L. labrosus主要栖息于落叶及半落叶林潮湿的环境中,偶尔也栖息于常绿林中。L. labrosus分布于厄瓜多尔西海岸的北部、中部、南部; 秘鲁西海岸的北部、 中部,分布地海拔可达600 m; 及位于南厄瓜多尔和北秘鲁海拔高达1 300 m的干燥的安第斯山谷。其分布地区包括了厄瓜多尔和秘鲁海岸的潮湿的、季节性干燥的森林。在安第斯山脉斜坡的潮湿地带,L. labrosus与其他3种细趾蟾科的分布区重叠,但表现为生境分离。其分布特征与其他几种活动区域受限的两栖动物相似。Tumbesian地区应被认为是地方特有两栖动物的分布区。Choco和Tumbesian的中间区域是L. labrosus与其他细趾蟾科的生境分布重叠区,其生态及气候特征使其形成了独特的动物区系,包括几种地方特有物种。因此该地区应被划为西厄瓜多尔地方种区域。  相似文献   

3.
杨雪  彭华  陆树刚 《植物研究》2006,26(4):397-401
四角果科(Carlemanniaceae)科下有四角果属Carlemannia(3种)和蜘蛛花属Silvianthus(1种1亚种)。这两属建立之初均置于茜草科,此后又被多个分类及系统学家将它们移至忍冬科;1965年由Airy Shaw将它们从忍冬科独立成四角果科,得到了部分学者的赞同,但其系统位置仍存在争议,认为与与苦苣苔科、虎耳草科、马鞭草科和绣球花科等科的关系错综复杂;科下两属间的关系也仍然值得探讨。APGII认为四角果科与木樨科素馨属或女贞属近缘,但支持率不高。本文对四角果属和蜘蛛花属系统位置的研究和现状进行了评述;将Silvianthus bracteatus ssp. tonkinensis (Gagnep.) H. W. Li作为线萼蜘蛛花Silvianthus bracteatus ssp. clerodendroides (Airy Shaw) H.W.Li的异名归并;并对今后的研究提出了建议。  相似文献   

4.
广东蕨类植物新资料   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
报道了2个新异名,1个新等级和35种蕨类植物在广东的分布新记录。正安肋毛蕨(Ctenitis changanensis Ching)和信宜铁角蕨(Asplenium xinyiense Ching et S.H.Wu)分别作直鳞肋毛蕨(Ctenitis eatoni (Bak.) Ching)和厚叶铁角蕨(Asplenium griffithianum Hook)的异名处理;齿翅井栏凤尾蕨(Pteris serralata(Miau)Y. H. Yan)被提升到种的等级;假芒萁属(Sticherus Presl)、柄盖蕨属(Peranema D. Don)、蛾眉蕨属(Lunathyrium Koidz.)和革舌蕨属(Scleroglossum Alderw)等4个属为广东分布新记录,小笠原卷柏(Selaginella boninensis Baker)为中国大陆分布新记录。广东现有蕨类已达到56科144属502种。  相似文献   

5.
中药黄芪植物分类及其区系地理分布研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
赵一之 《植物研究》2006,26(5):532-538
确认了中药黄芪的原植物有膜荚黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge)、蒙古黄芪(A. mongholicus Bunge)和北蒙古黄芪(A. borealimongolicus Y. Z. Zhao)3种,其中北蒙古黄芪为一新种;确定了这三种植物的区系地理成分:膜荚黄芪为东亚北部—西伯利亚南部森林带的分布种,蒙古黄芪为华北森林草原带的分布种,北蒙古黄芪为蒙古高原北部草原带的分布种,3种黄芪存在着明显的地理替代分布格局。  相似文献   

6.
废弃汞矿山苔藓植物群落生态研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
潘莎  张朝晖 《植物研究》2011,31(2):241-248
对贵州省铜仁市云场坪镇废弃汞矿山的苔藓植物群落进行了研究,通过野外全面调查和实验室仔细鉴定,发现废弃汞矿山苔藓植物群落的种类组成有13科52属62种(苔类植物2科2属2种,藓类植物11科50属60种)。应用双向指示种分析法(TWlNSPAN)和除趋势对应分析(DCA)分析其分布格局表明,该区12个样点分为2个类型组,组1为废石、废渣样地,组2为废洞样地,说明废洞与废石、废渣生境差异性较大,废石、废渣生境较相似;北地扭口藓群落(Barbula fallax Com.)、阔叶小石藓群落(Weisia planifolia Com.)、尖叶扭口藓群落(Barbula constricta Com.)、拟丛净口藓群落(Gymnostomum anoectangioides Com.)、硬叶净口藓群落(Gymnostomum subrigidulum Com.)为该矿区废石、废渣上的优势群落,其生物量为55.20~448.20 g·m-2,饱和吸水量为260.80~3 599.40 g·m-2,说明在矿区这种干旱且保水能力弱的环境区域,苔藓植物群落以其特有的生态功能在矿区生态环境治理中具有十分重要的作用。  相似文献   

7.
报导了海南岛铁角蕨科一新分布种,即骨碎补铁角蕨(Asplenium ritoense Hayata)。在国内的植物志采用的学名是一不合法名称,即Asplenium davallioides Hook.。应给予纠正。  相似文献   

8.
贵州蕨类植物新记录   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
代朝霞  苟光前 《植物研究》2006,26(4):387-388
报道了贵州省新记录的4种蕨类植物,分属3科,4属,它们是上毛凤丫蕨(Coniogramme suprapilosa)、具腺凸轴蕨(Metathelypteris glangdulosa)、光滑方秆蕨(Glaphyropteridopsis glabrata)和混淆鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris commixta)。  相似文献   

9.
中国新疆石竹属一新种   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
描述了在位于新疆昌吉州境内的南山马鹿(Cervus elaphus)保护区发现的石竹科(Caryophyllaceae)石竹属(Dianthus)植物一新种—南山石竹(Dianthus nanshanicus C.Y.Yang &; L.X.Dong),并描绘了形态图。该新种与瞿麦(Dianthus superbus L.)相近,区别在于: 本新种花冠白色,喉部无丝毛状鳞片,茎单生,瓣片深裂为细条状。雄蕊伸出至花瓣的1/2。花粉圆球形, 外壁具穴状和刺状纹饰。种皮细胞较小近光滑。报道了该种的采集过程、生境以及该种在新疆南天山居群的大小和保护状况,并简单介绍了Dianthus在世界的分布情况。  相似文献   

10.
指数方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
评价物种多样性是目前生物多样性研究中的一项紧迫任务。我们提出一种基于信息测度的G-F指数公式,利用生物普查得到的鸟类和兽类名录计算一个地区的物种多样性。首先计算属间的多样性(G指数)和科间的多样性(F指数),然后,再利用G指数和F指数的比值进行标准化,得出G-F指数。在这一指数体系中,F指数包括科中和科间的多样性。如果G-F指数趋近1,则代表科间多样性的F指数下降,或者代表属多样性的G指数上升;否则G-F指数趋近零或为负数。信息测度通常也用于生物群落的生态多样性。然而,G-F指数与生态多样性不同。G-F指数测定的一个地区一个生物类群中科属间的物种多样性,而生态多样性指数研究生物群落中物种组成及种间个体的多寡。利用G-F指数研究评估生物多样性保护有如下优点:(1)G-F指数提供了一种简捷有效的生物多样性保护评估方法,因为在许多地点已经进行过生物普查,编写了动物、植物名录;(2)G-F指数是一种标准化指数,可以进行不同地区间生物多样性比较。在动物界,特别是无脊椎动物中,尚未鉴定的物种占多数,而鸟类和兽类中尚未鉴定的物种很少。我们应用鸟类和兽类名录计算了G-F指数,选择了梵净山、大瑶山、伏牛山、凉水、北京—天津、海北、白音锡勒、青海湖和帕米尔高原等9个地区,进行了物种多样性的比较研究。结果表明:在上述地区,鸟类的G指数高于兽类的G指数,但差异并不显著(p=0.11)。鸟类的F指数显著地高于兽类的F指数(p<0.05)。鸟类G-F指数与兽类G-F指数相关(r=0.68, p<0.05)。  相似文献   

11.
There have been no molecular genetic examinations of mating systems in the Australian varanid lizards (genus Varanus) despite their high species diversity, the abundance of some species and difficulties with direct observation of behaviourally cryptic species in the field. We developed 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci and assessed their utility in a range of varanid species. Observed heterozygosities in the three species assessed ranged from 30% to 100%. These loci should be useful for investigation of population structure, gene flow and mating systems in Varanus acanthurus, V. baritji and V. tristis and may also be of use in other varanid species.  相似文献   

12.
13.
方芳 《动物分类学报》2000,25(2):214-227
中国Dan属鱼类共有7种,分布于云南南部和西南部的三大流域中。其中半线Dan Daio interrubtus,红蚌Dna D.kakhienensis,缺须Dan D.apogon和珍珠Dan D.albolineatus分布地伊洛瓦底江流域的大盈江和龙川江水系,布良Dan D.browni和撞邦Dan.D.shanensis分布于萨尔温江上游的怒江水系,金线Dan D.chrysotaenia  相似文献   

14.
Mendyk RW 《Zoo biology》2012,31(3):374-389
Captivity provides many opportunities for studying the reproductive biology of varanid lizards (Family: Varanidae; genus: Varanus). This article presents reproductive data for 12 varanid species maintained in captivity at the Bronx Zoo between 1977 and 2010. Five species, V. prasinus, V. beccarii, V. melinus, V. mertensi, and V. ornatus have successfully reproduced at the zoo, for which clutch, incubation, and hatchling data are presented, and compared with previously published values. Clutch, incubation, and hatchling measurements typically fell within the known ranges for each species, or represent minor range extensions. V. mertensi was the only species that reproduced seasonally (χ(2) = 9.061, P = 0.029). Five species multiclutched; individual V. mertensi and V. prasinus females produced as many as four clutches per year. The shortest intervals between successive clutches observed for V. kordensis (61 days), V. melinus (77 days), V. mertensi (51 days), and V. prasinus (68 days) represent the shortest known values for each species. Relative clutch mass (RCM) ranged from 0.187 to 0.437. A mean RCM of 0.370 ± 0.092 for V. prasinus is substantially higher than previously published values for the species. These results illustrate that when maintained under favorable conditions in captivity, some varanids are capable of remarkably high fecundities, rapid reproductive turnover rates, and sizeable maternal investments. Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

15.
The cane toad Bufo marinus has been migrating westward across northern Australia since its introduction as a biological control agent in 1935. It has been implicated in the widespread decline of many native frog-eating predators. To investigate the impacts of this invasive species on native predatory reptiles, annual surveys were conducted from 2001 to 2007 to document variation in the relative abundances of three varanid lizards ( Varanus mertensi, Varanus mitchelli and Varanus panoptes ) and one crocodile Crocodylus johnstoni species known to consume toads. In addition, the indirect effects of this variation on one agamid lizard Amphibolurus gilberti , a known prey item of V. panoptes , were also examined. Surveys were performed at two sites in northern Australia before and after the arrival of B. marinus . Significant declines in the relative abundances of all three species of varanid lizard were observed following toad arrival. Declines in the abundance of V. panoptes, V. mitchelli and V. mertensi at the two sites ranged 83–96, 71–97 and 87–93%, respectively. In contrast, A. gilberti increased by 23–26%; whereas there were no significant population-level declines in C. johnstoni despite observations of individual effects (i.e. several dead crocodiles with B. marinus in their stomachs). These findings suggest population-level changes in Australian lizards caused by an invasive species.  相似文献   

16.
Five new species of the genus Chydaeus Chaudoir, 1854 are described from China: Chydaeus fugongensissp. n. (Shibali, Fugong County, Yunnan Province), Chydaeus gutangensissp. n. (Gutang, Medog County, Xizang Autonomous Region [Tibet]), Chydaeus hanmiensissp. n. (Hanmi, Medog County, Xizang Autonomous Region [Tibet]), Chydaeus asetosussp. n. (NE of Fugong, Yunnan Province), and Chydaeus baoshanensissp. n. (N of Baoshan, Yunnan Province). Taxonomic and faunistic notes on eleven other species occurring in Xizang and Yunnan are also provided. Chydaeus shunichii Ito, 2006 is re-described, based on specimens from Lushui County, Yunnan. Chydaeus kumei Ito, 1992 is treated as a subspecies of Chydaeus andrewesi Schauberger, 1932 [NEW STATUS]. The taxonomic status of Chydaeus guangxiensis Ito, 2006 is discussed. The following taxa are recorded from China for the first time: Chydaeus obtusicollis Schauberger, 1932 (Xizang and Yunnan), Chydaeus malaisei Kataev & Schmidt, 2006 (Yunnan), Chydaeus semenowi (Tschitschérine, 1899) (Xizang and Yunnan), Chydaeus andrewesi andrewesi Schauberger, 1932 (Xizang and Yunnan), Chydaeus andrewesi kumei Ito (Yunnan), Chydaeus bedeli interjectus Kataev & Schmidt, 2002 (Xizang), and Chydaeus bedeli vietnamensis Kataev & Schmidt, 2002 (Yunnan).  相似文献   

17.
In this ninth and final part of a revision of the ocypodid genus Macrophthalmus Latreille (Crustacea: Brachyura), eight species are considered— M. leptophthalmus (H. M. Edw.), M. boteltobagoe (Sakai), M. philippinensis SereGne, M. consobrinus Nobili, M. gastrodes Kemp, M. franchettii Maccagno, M. gallardoi SereGne and M. vietnamensis SereGne—and the status of a species previously considered valid, M. holthuisi SereGne, is reconsidered. Only M. leptophthalmus, M. boteltobagoe and M. philippinensis are considered valid. Macrophthalmus , as here revised, contains 38 living and three extinct species, whilst 33 species have been reduced to synonyms. These various species are summarily listed and a key to the living species is provided.  相似文献   

18.
2003年4月,于怒江二级支流镇康县境内的大叉河中采获一批墨头鱼属(Garra)鱼类标本,经鉴定为一新种,命名为怒江墨头鱼(G. nujiangensis Chen and Yang, sp. nov.)。该新种主要鉴别特征:围尾柄鳞12~14;侧线鳞48~50;在小个体中有一对微小的吻须;背鳍分支鳍条 8~9;侧线上鳞5~6,侧线下鳞3~4;体高小于头长;臀鳍起点处的小于眼后至吻端的距离;腹鳍前长为体长的50.0%~53.7%;肛门前长为体长的58.9%~63.9%;体宽为体长的 16.7%~19.6%;体高为体长的19.2%~22.6%。本研究证实,在缺须的墨头鱼属的一些物种中,如高体墨头鱼(G. alticorpora)和怒江墨头鱼(G. nujiangensis),其幼体中往往具有一对很小的吻须。  相似文献   

19.
The taxonomic status of the Iriomote cat ( Prionailurus iriomotensis Imaizumi 1967) has been the subject of considerable discussion. Wozencraft's (1993) decision that it is merely a subspecies of Prionailurus bengalensis has been adopted by IUCN, which may affect the chances of conserving this unique animal. This paper reports on an investigation into the relationship between the Iriomote cat and other species, using skull measurements to calculate skull configurations, from which species and subspecies may be compared with each other. The results prove that the Iriomote cat cannot be subsumed as a subspecies of Prionailurus bengalensis but is a species of its own. It is closely related to the genus Prionailurus but also has affinities with the genera Pardofelis and Profelis . It appears to be a very ancient species, a 'missing link', nearer to the common root of the cat tribe than any other extant species.  相似文献   

20.
The greater part of the literature on European fishes reports the widespread occurrence of an introduced North American catfish and identifies it as Ictalurus nebulosus. Study of the literature reporting critical determinations and of specimens from Europe and Great Britain reveals the presence of two species, I nebulosus and I melas. These fishes are widely used in experimental studies, usually being obtained through aquarium-fish dealers indirectly from continental Europe. Mostly they are incorrectly identified as I nebulosus. There is reason to believe that I melas is the more commonly imported catfish in Britain; both species occur feral in mainland Europe.  相似文献   

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