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1.
新的植物产物银桦内酯(I)(Grevillone)(即 6-羟基香豆素,-Hydroxycou-marin)与其结构相应的开环酸——银桦酸(Ⅱ)(Grevillic acid)(即2,5-二羟基-反式-桂皮酸,2,5-Dihydroxy-trans-cinnamic acid)共存于山龙眼科(Proteaceae)的银桦(Grevillea robusta A.Cunn.)叶,提示它们在生物化学上是密切相关的。并且,无论是银桦内酯或银桦酸,在植物界里迄今仅发现于银桦[1]中。桂皮酸(III)(Cinnamic acid)的羟基化衍生物及其结构相应的内酯——香豆素类化合物,都是高等植物的典型代谢产物[4]。在双子叶植物里,苯基丙氨酸(Phenylalanine)是它们的共同前体[4,5]。最常见的羟基桂皮酸类是P-香豆酸(IV)(P-Coumaric acid),咖啡酸(V)(Caffeic acid),阿魏酸(Ⅵ)(Ferulic acid)和芥子酸(Ⅶ)Sinapic acid)。它们之中的一个或几个,以酯或甙的结合形式存在于每种高等植物[6]中,并且在代谢上密切相关[3,4]。这几个酚酸的共同特征是在对位碳上连接着氧原子(羟基)。显然,这与几乎所有天然香豆素类(Coumarins)化合物都在 7位碳(C7)上连接着氧原子[7,8]的特征在结构关系上是一致的。表1列出了在高等植物里最常见的几个羟基桂皮酸[2, 4]和香豆素类化合物[4,7]。邻-羟基桂皮酸类[6](O-Hydroxycinnamic acids)和间-羟基桂皮酸(m-Hydroxycinnamic acid)在植物界里较罕见。  相似文献   

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柳叶白前化学成分研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从柳叶白前根和茎中分离并鉴定了7个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,1),2,4-二羟基苯乙酮(1-(2,4-dihydroxphenyl)ethanone,2),间二苯酚(resorcinol,3),4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙酮(1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)e-hanone,4),4-羟基苯乙酮(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone,5),齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid,6),蔗糖(sucrose,7)。其中化合物2-7为首次从该植物中分得。  相似文献   

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新疆鼠尾草的化学成分研究   总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17  
从新疆鼠尾草(Salvia deserta Schang0根中分离得到8个单体成分,根据化学和光谱方法鉴定为:正三十三烷(Tritriacontane)[Ⅰ]、6,7-去氢罗列酮(6,7-SDehydroroyleanone)[Ⅱ],7,β-羟基罗列酮(Taxochinon)[Ⅲ]、二十六烷酸(Hexaconsanoic acid)[Ⅳ]、3-乙酰剂墩果酸(3-Acetoxy-oleanolic acid)[Ⅴ]、β-谷甾醇(β-Sitosterol)[Ⅵ]、熊果酸(Ursolic acid)[Ⅶ],D-甘露醇(Mannitolum)[Ⅷ]。  相似文献   

4.
西昌万寿菊花中化学成分的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从万寿菊(Tagetes ereata L.)花中分得8个已知化合物,分别为丁香酸(Syringic acid,1),3,4二羟基苯甲酸(3,4-dihydroxybenzonic acid,2),β-香树脂醇(β-amyrin,3),槲皮万寿菊素(Quercetagetin,4),Quercetagetin 7-methyl(5),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,6),豆甾醇(stigmasterol,7),正三十四烷(Tetratriacontane,8)。应用光谱法鉴定了所有化合物的结构。  相似文献   

5.
滇南红厚壳的化学成分   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6  
从滇南红厚壳(Calophyllum polyanthum Wall.et Choisy)的果实乙醇提取物中分离得到2个新化合物-滇南红厚壳内酯A(calopolyanolide A,1),滇南红厚壳内酯B(calopolyanolide B,2)以及3个已知化合物calanolide E2(3),voleneol(4)和没食子酸(gallic acid,5)。经波谱学鉴定了2个新化合物的结构分别为:6,6-二甲基-12α-(2α,3α-H)-12α-(2-甲基-3-羟基丁酰基)-8b-羟基-4-苯基-吡喃并-二氢香豆素;6,6-二甲基-12a-(2α,3β-H)-12a-(2-甲基-3-羟基丁酰基)-8b-羟基-4-苯基-吡喃并-二氢香豆素。  相似文献   

6.
灯盏花中的糖苷   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
从灯盏花(Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz.) 全株的乙醇提取物的正丁醇部分分得10个化合物,通过波谱方法鉴定为erigeside I(1)、γ-吡喃酮-3-O-β-D-[6′-(4″-羟基-3″,5″-二甲氧基苯甲酰)-]-吡喃葡萄糖苷(erigeside D,2)、erigeside A(3)、erigeside B(4)、erigeside Ⅱ(5)、7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-6-甲氧基香豆素(6)、icariside B2(7)、blumenol C葡萄糖苷(8)、(+)-丁香树酯醇O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9)和野黄芩苷甲酯(10)。用X射线单晶衍射方法确定了化合物7的绝对构型。2是一个新化合物,7、8和9首次从该属植物分离得到,6首次从该种植物分离得到。  相似文献   

7.
厚果鸡血藤的化学成分研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
继厚果鸡血藤化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)之后,又从厚果鸡血藤Millettia pachycar pa Benth。根部分离得到多个化合物,经理化分析和波谱分析,确定了其中七个黄酮类化合物的结构为3,3′,4′5′-四甲氧基呋喃[4^∥,5^∥:8,7]黄酮(Ⅰ),3,3′-二甲氧基呋喃[4^∥,5^∥:8,7]黄酮(Ⅱ),2,3-二甲氧基呋喃[4′,5′:11,10]-7-氧代[2]苯吡喃[4,3-b][1]-苯吡喃(Ⅲ),呋喃[4^∥,5^∥:8,7]黄酮(Ⅳ,Lanceolatin B),3-甲氧基-2^∥,2^∥-二甲基吡喃[5^∥,6^∥:8,7]黄酮(Ⅴ),5-甲氧基呋喃[4^∥,5^∥:7,6]黄酮(Ⅵ,pinnatin),2^∥,2^∥-二甲基吡喃[5^∥,6^∥:8,7]黄烷酮(Ⅷ,(-)-isolonchocarpin)。这七个化合物皆为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ为新的化合物,分别命名为厚果鸡血藤丙素(pachycarin C)、厚果鸡血藤丁素(pachycarin D)和厚果鸡血藤戊素(pachycarin E)。  相似文献   

8.
海南山苦茶叶的化学成分(Ⅱ)   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
从海南山苦茶叶中分离出10个化合物,根据理化性质的测定和波谱数据的解析,分别鉴定为3-羟基-4,5(R)-二甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮(1)、没食子酸(2)、(6S,9R)-6-羟基-3-酮-α-紫罗兰醇-9-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、aviculin(4)、(+)-lyoniresinol 3α-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(5)、(Z)-3-己烯醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、3,4,8,9,10-五羟基-二苯并[b,d]吡喃-6-酮(7)、木栓醇(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)和木栓酮(10),其中化合物4、5为首次从该属植物中获得。  相似文献   

9.
蓝萼香茶菜化学成分的研究   总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25  
从长白山产蓝萼香茶菜[Ralxlosia Japonica(Burm.f.)Hara var.glaucocalyx(Maxim.)Hara]地上全草中分得13个化合物,根据理化常数和波谱学数据分别鉴定为:木栓酮(1)、β-谷淄醇(2)、乙酰熊果酸(3)、齐墩果酸(4)、熊果酸(5)、蓝萼香茶菜素A(6)、2α-羟基熊果酸(7)、2α,3α-二羟基熊果酸(8)、ent-7β,14α,15三羟基-16-贝壳杉烯-3-酮(9)、山香三萜二烯酸(10)、槲皮素(11)、β-谷甾醇3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(12)和果糖(13)。化合物8为第一次从该植物中分得,化合物10为第一次从该属植物中分得。  相似文献   

10.
鹿角蕨化学成分的研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
从鹿角蕨(Platycerium wallichii Hook.)的干燥叶中分离得到七个成分,利用UV、IR、^13C-NMR、^1H-NMR、MS等光谱方法鉴定出它们的结构,分别为β-谷甾醇(I)、谷甾醇β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、2-propenoic acid,3-[2,3-dihydro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-5-benzofuramyl]-(Ⅲ)、松脂素(Ⅳ)、松脂素-4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、2,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯(Ⅵ)、槲皮素3-O-β-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ⅶ)。七个成分均为首次从该种植物中获得。  相似文献   

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Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.  相似文献   

16.
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.  相似文献   

17.
Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.  相似文献   

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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases  相似文献   

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