霍乱毒素B亚基基因上游序列对B亚基表达水平的影响

本研究通过缺失突变和移码突变研究了ctxB基因上游A基因部分序列对ctxB表达水平的影响,结果表明:(1)将ctx操纵子XbaI—EcoRI片段克隆至pUC19,构建的质粒pUC19CTB中A亚基的部分序列不能翻译,该质粒转化大肠杆菌后CTB的表达产量为30μg/ml;(2)在质粒pUC19CTB的XbaI位点引入移码突变,构建质粒pMC02C,这时A亚基的部分序列的阅读框架与lacZ一致,从而A基因能够翻译至自然的终止密码,B基因的表达水平却降低一倍;(3)质粒pUC19CTB缺失XbaI～ClaI(550bp)的非翻译序列,构建质粒pMC03(A亚基序列不翻译),该质粒转化大肠杆菌后ctxB基因的表达水平降低1倍;(4)在质粒pMC03中ctxB基因上游引入移码突变,构建的质粒pMC03C(ctxB上游基因能够表达)CTB的表达水平较pMCO3低得多,较pUC19CTB低20倍以上。对产生上述现象的原因进行了分析讨论。     

用PCR突变技术克隆艾滋病病毒蛋白酶基因

作者设计并合成了一对用于PCR技术的突变引物HIV-1 Pr1和HIV-1Pr2,分别在两引物中设计了两个突变点,使突变后基因含有EcoRI、HindⅢ和TAA序列,便于HIV-1 Pr基因的定向克隆和表达。用HIV-1 Pr1和HIV-1 Pr2作引物,采用PCR方法从HIV-1基因组DNA中扩增出了一个360bp长的DNA片段,用EcoRI和HindⅢ双酶切法将此片段定向克隆入pUC19质粒,将克隆基因插入M13mp18进行DNA序列分析。结果表明,该基因序列的读框完全正确,从而为HIV-1 Pr基因的表达及抑制剂的研究奠定了基础。     

应用聚合酶链反应突变和克隆HIV-lgag基因片段

作者设计并合成了一对突变引物PGO1和PGO2,分别在两引物中设计了两个突变点,使突变后基因含有EcoRI、BamHI和ATG及TAA序列,以便于HlV-1gag基因序列的定向克隆和表达。用PCO1和PGO2作引物,采用PCR方法从HIV-1基因组DNA中扩增出一个长504bp的DNA片段,用EcoRl和BamHI双酶切位点将此片段定向克隆入pUC19质粒。将克隆基因插入M13mp18进行DNA序列分析,结果表明,该基因序列及读框完全正确,且在其5′末端突变出EcoRI位点和ATG起始码,3′末端突变出TAA终业码和BamHI位点,从而为该基因的表达研究奠定了基础。     

中国人肥胖基因克隆及其原核表达载体的构建

为了探讨人肥胖（obesity,OB）基因的生理和病理意义,利用逆转录-聚合酶链式．反应（RT-PCR）方法,从中国汉族成人腹膜后脂肪组织总RNA中扩增出肥胖基因编码区序列（cDNA）．定向亚克隆pUC19质粒,克隆的OBcDNA不含信号肽序列并加入了新的起始密码子ATG,序列分析表明,与日本报道的人OBcDNA相比,多出一个谷氨酸密码子CAG．将OBcDNA定向克隆至原核表达载体pBV220,构建了重组OB基因表达质粒pBV220-OB．SDS-PAGE证实pBV220-OB在大肠杆菌中可表达分子量为16.7KD的特异蛋白带．     

内皮素A型受体胞内区cDNA的克隆及序列分析

为研究内皮素受体在细胞内的信号传导途径,通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)的方法获得了480bp的内皮素A型受体胞内区cDNA片段,将其克隆进载体pUC19进行核苷酸序列分析,结果表明克隆的cDNA片段与报道的内皮素A型受体cDNA序列只有一个碱基的不同且为同义突变。最后,将克隆的cDNA片段定向克隆进酵母双杂交系统中的引诱蛋白表达载体pGBT9,为探寻与内皮素A型受体相互作用的蛋白质打下了基础。     

菠菜甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因的克隆和序列分析

以耐盐的菠菜mRNA为模板,经反转录合成甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因第一链cDNA。在人工合成的两端引物引导下,通过多聚酶链式反应(PCR),扩增获得双链cDNA。把重组有BADH基因的pUC19转化至E.coli DH5α菌株,亚克隆后测定了基因的全序列。所得到的BADH基因全长序列为1491bp,编码497个氨基酸。与文献报道的相比较,核苷酸序列同源性99.8％,氨基酸序列同源性达99.6％。在此基础上,构建了BADH基因的高等植物表达载体。     

牛促卵泡激素α亚基cDNA的克隆与序列分析

从牛脑垂体中提取总RNA, 分离mRNA, 反转录获得cDNA, PCR扩增获得长为380 bp的牛促卵泡激素α亚基cDNA片段, 将它克隆于pUC19中, 进行序列分析, 结果表明: 所克隆的α亚基基因编码区序列与Erwin所发表的序列基本相同, 仅编码第24位赖氨酸的密码有差异, 同时将所获基因的核苷酸序列及相应氨基酸序列与人、啮齿类的同类基因相比较, 具有很高的同源性.     

诱导人参发根的rolC基因植物表达载体构建及其在人参中的表达

根据Slightom等RiA₄TL-DNA序列分析结果 ,设计了一对引物 ,以R_i 质粒DNA为模板 ,利用PCR方法对rolC基因进行了扩增。利用pGEM-T载体对rolC基因进行了克隆和测序。结果 ,克隆的DNA片段序列与报道的ORF12阅读框内的rolC序列一致。将pGEM-T-rolC用限制性内切酶SacI酶切 ,与经SmaI酶切CIAP去磷酸化的pUC19质粒重组 ,经蓝白斑筛选得到正向重组的pUC19-rolC。再用Xbal-SacI双酶切pUC19-rolC与pBI121 ,将rolC基因定向克隆到具有CaMV35S启动子的pBI121表达质粒上 ,构建成植物表达载体pBI-rolC。用pBI-rolC转化农杆菌LBA4404构建成的LBA4404 (pBI-rolC)工程菌转化人参子叶 ,获得发根的表达。经PCR扩增分子检测 ,证明rolC基因确已整合到人参发根基因组中。经对转化的人参发根中单体皂苷含量测定 ,发现发根中含有所检测的 7种人参单体皂苷 ,总皂苷含量达 18.55mg/g。     

右旋糖苷蔗糖酶基因的克隆及其序列分析

以筛选的肠膜明串珠菌的基因组为模板,通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)分别扩增得到右旋糖苷蔗糖酶的基因片段dsr1和dsr2,将基因片段克隆到pUC19载体上并对基因片段组装得到完整基因序列dsrx,通过限制性酶切分析和核苷酸序列分析鉴定,dsrx的序列全长为4,566bp,编码1,522个氨基酸,与GenBank中已注册的U81374核苷酸序列同源性达99％,推导的氨基酸序列与其序列同源性达98．49％。     

金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A基因的克隆

利用PCR方法从金葡菌基因组DNA中扩增出约 80 0bp的DNA片段 ,将之克隆到pUC19 T载体上并转化E .coliDH5α菌株。重组质粒的测序结果表明 ,克隆到了sea基因 ,它含有 774bp的阅读框架 (包括N端 72bp的信号肽编码区 ) ,其核苷酸序列与文献报道完全一致。     

玉米核糖体失活蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

将提取的玉米RNA反转录成Cdna,以此为模板,合成特异性引物,应用多聚酶链式反应(PCR)技术扩增出目的片段。对PCR片段直接进行序列分析,测定并克隆玉米的核糖体失活蛋白(RIP)基因。序列分析表明,已测定的玉米RIP基因序列长为983bp,其中编码区长828bp,共编码有275个氨基酸和一个终止密码子,GC含量为58.3%。与已发表的序列相比较其核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列的同源性分别为98.4%和97.4%。     

Purification of the acidic pectate lyase and nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene (pelA) of Erwinia chrysanthemi strain 3937.

The pelA gene from Erwinia chrysanthemi strain 3937, which encodes the acidic pectate lyase, PLa, has been sequenced and characterized. The structural gene consists of a 1179 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 41,555 Da, which includes an N-terminal signal peptide. The deduced amino acid sequence shows a protein very similar to some PLs already sequenced. Cloning of the pelA gene behind the lacZ promoter of the vector pTZ19R allowed overexpression of PLa into a derivative of strain 3937 deleted of the other pel genes. The mature protein was obtained in milligram amounts from the supernatant of this strain and at homogeneous purity after two purification steps. Its biochemical properties were similar to those of other PLs. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the purified PLa cross-reacted with the basic pectate lyase PLd, but not with PLe. The role of PLa in pathogenicity is discussed.     

Cloning and sequencing of the porcine lactoferrin cDNA

cDNA clones encoding the entire porcine lactoferrin protein were isolated and sequenced. The porcine lactoferrin cDNA sequence presented here is 2259bp in length and encodes a leader peptide of 19 amino acids and a mature protein of 684 amino acids. Comparisons with other lactoferrins indicate a single glycosylation site. The iron- and anion-binding sites, and the cysteine residues involved in disulphide bonds, are conserved between the lactoferrin proteins.     

鸡含锰超氧化物歧化酶cDNA克隆及序列分析

 为弄清鸡含锰超氧化物歧化酶 (manganese containingsuperoxidedismutase ,MnSOD)的cDNA序列 ,以开展动物锰营养学的深入研究 ,根据已知鸡MnSOD的N端氨基酸序列设计简并引物 ,应用 3′RACE(rapidamplificationofcDNAends)技术 ,扩增克隆了鸡心肌MnSOD 990bp的 3′cDNA片段 .再根据 3′RACE片段测序结果设计引物进行 5′RACE ,结果获取了一个与 3′RACE片段相互重叠的鸡心肌MnSOD 52 1bp的 5′RACE片段 ,并对其进行了克隆测序 .最后根据 3′RACE片段和 5′RACE片段序列信息进行拼接 ,从而获取鸡MnSODcDNA的全序列信息 .研究结果表明 :鸡MnSODcDNA全长为 110 8个核苷酸 ,其中 5′非翻译区 2 5个核苷酸 ,编码区 675个核苷酸 ,3′非翻译区 4 0 8个核苷酸 ,编码一个长 2 2 4个氨基酸残基的蛋白质前体 .其中信号肽长 2 6个氨基酸残基 ,成熟肽长 198个氨基酸残基 ,分子量为 2 2kD .与人、大鼠、线虫、果蝇等真核生物MnSOD氨基酸序列的同源性分别为82 4 %、84 .7%、62 .4 %、59.3% .     

Structure of a Ruminococcus albus endo-1,4-beta-glucanase gene.

A chromosomal DNA fragment encoding an endo-1,4-beta-glucanase I (Eg I) gene from Ruminococcus albus cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli with pUC18 was fully sequenced by the dideoxy-chain termination method. The sequence contained a consensus promoter sequence and a structural amino acid sequence. The initial 43 amino acids of the protein were deduced to be a signal sequence, since they are missing in the mature protein (Eg I). High homology was found when the amino acid sequence of the Eg I was compared with that of endoglucanase E from Clostridium thermocellum. Codon usage of the gene was not biased. These results suggested that the properties of the Eg I gene from R. albus was specified from the known beta-glucanase genes of the other organisms.     

Cloning of genes encoding a 15,000-dalton peptidoglycan-associated outer membrane lipoprotein and an antigenically related 15,000-dalton protein from Haemophilus influenzae.

We have cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli a gene encoding a 15,000-apparent-molecular-weight peptidoglycan-associated outer membrane lipoprotein (PAL) of Haemophilus influenzae. The nucleotide sequence of this gene encodes an open reading frame of 153 codons with a predicted mature protein of 134 amino acids. The amino acid composition and sequence of the predicted mature protein agree with the chemically determined composition and partial amino acid sequence of PAL purified from H. influenzae outer membranes. We have also identified a second gene from H. influenzae that encodes a second 15,000-apparent-molecular-weight protein which is recognized by antiserum against PAL. This protein has been shown to be a lipoprotein. The nucleotide sequence of this gene encodes an open reading frame of 154 codons with a predicted mature protein of 136 amino acids and has limited sequence homology with that of the gene encoding PAL. Southern hybridization analysis indicates that both genes exist as single copies in H. influenzae chromosomal DNA. Both genes encode polypeptides which have amino-terminal sequences similar to those of reported membrane signal peptides and are associated primarily with the outer membrane when expressed in E. coli.     

Cloning of the gene and amino acid sequence for glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides

Amino acid sequencing of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glc6PD) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides yielded sequence for over 75% of the protein. Two oligonucleotides based on the amino acid sequence were used to isolate a partial Glc6PD gene clone (pLmz delta N65), from a pUC9 library, containing 85% of the coding sequence and the 3'-untranslated DNA, but lacking the 5'-noncoding DNA sequence and the portion of the gene encoding the 65 N-terminal amino acids. Attempts to obtain a full-length clone from lambda libraries were unsuccessful, possibly due to restriction of L. mesenteroides DNA by Escherichia coli host cells. The 5'-untranslated DNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and partially sequenced. To obtain unmodified DNA for the gene, oligonucleotides corresponding to the 5'- and 3'-noncoding sequences were used to amplify the gene by the polymerase chain reaction, and a 1.8-kilobase pair fragment was isolated and cloned into pUC19. The recombinant plasmid, pLmz, contains the entire Glc6PD gene and expresses the gene in E. coli. pLmz was sequenced showing that the enzyme consists of 485 amino acids. L. mesenteroides Glc6PD is 31% identical to the human enzyme.