内蒙古典型草原4种植物凋落物分解速率与气候因子之间的定量关系

文章报道了内蒙古典型草原羊草（Ａｎｅｕｒｏｌｅｐｉｄｉｕｍ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅ）,大针茅（Ｓｔｉｐａ ｇｒａｎｄｉｓ）,猪毛菜（Ｓａｌｓｏａａ ｃｏｌｌｉｎａ）和芨芨草（Ａｃｈｎａｔｈｅｒｕｍ ｓｐｌｅｎｄｅｎｓ）的凋落物的分解速率与气温和降水之间的关系,建立了动态模型Ｘ（ｔ）／Ｘ（Ｏ）＝ｅ＾－（ａｔ－ｂΣＴ－ｃΣｐ）．其中ｔ表示时间,Ｘ（ｔ）是ｔ时凋落物残留量,ΣＴ是累计气温,ΣＰ是累计降水量。气     

甲壳动物的性别决定

甲壳动物的性别决定吴融（浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所温州．３２５０００）甲壳动物一般为两性生殖．雌雄比率为１：１。据ｃｈａｒｎｌａｕｘ－Ｃｏｔｔｏｎ（１９６０）在端足目Ｏｒｃｈｅｓｔ。ａｇａｉｎ－ｍａｒｅｌｌａ（滨蚤）上的研究,知道性别的分化与造雄腺分泌...     

哺乳动物性别分化的调控

哺乳动物性别分化调控的分子机制的研究特别是性别分化的层次调控、剂量补偿和性染色体进化这三个领域,已取得快速进展。已经发现Ｙ染色体性别决定区基因（ＳＲＹ）、Ｘ染色体ＤＳＳ－ＡＨＣ决定区基因１（ＤＡＸ－１）、甾类生成因子１基因（ＳＦ１）和Ｗｉｌｍｓ瘤抑制基因（ＷＴ－１）等与哺乳动物性别决定有关。ＳＲＹ启动睾丸分化,但胚胎发育成雄性的其余步骤由睾丸分泌的激素控制。ＤＡＸ－１编码一种女性特异功能的蛋白质,     

昆虫促前胸腺激素研究进展

昆虫促前胸腺激素研究进展李毅平龚和（中国科学院动物研究所,北京１０００８０）关键词促前胸腺激素受体信号系统促前胸腺激素（ｐｒｏｔｈｏｒａｃｉｃｏｔｒｏｐｉｃｈｏｒ－ｍｏｎｅＰＴＴＨ）因其促进前胸腺（ＰＧ）合成和分泌蜕皮激素而得名,以前也称为脑激素,因...     

海洋微藻基因工程的选择标记

６种海洋微藻新月菱形藻（Ｎｉｔｚｓｃｈｉａ ｃｌｏｓｔｅｒｉｕｍ Ｅｈｒ．）、牟勒氏角刺藻（Ｃｈａｅｔｏｃｄｒｏｓ ｍｕｅｌｌｅｒｉ Ｌｅｍｍ．）、三角褐指灌（Ｐｈａｅｏｄａｃｔｙｌｕｍ ｔｒｉｃｏｒｎｕｔｕｍ Ｂｏｈｌ．）绿光等鞭金藻８７０１（Ｉｓｏｃｈｒｙｓｉｓ ｇａｌｂａｎａ Ｐａｒｋｅ ８７０１）、亚心形扁藻（Ｐｌａｔｙｍｏｎａｓ ｓｕｂｃｏｒｄｉ－ｆｏｒｍｉｓ（Ｗｉｌｌｅ）Ｈａｚｅｎ）和     

家蚕蜕皮与变态的内分泌调控

家蚕的蜕皮与变态是由前胸腺分泌的脱皮素（ｍｏｌｔｉｎｇ ｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ或 ｅｃｄｙｓｔｅｒｏｉｄ简称 ＭＨ）及由咽侧体分泌的保幼激素（ｊｕｖｅｎｉｌｅ ｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ）控制的,而促有前胸腺激素（ｐｒｏｔｈｏｒａｃｉｃｏｔｒｏｐｉｃ ｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ,以下简称ＰＴＴＨ）的功能为刺激前胸腺分泌蜕皮素。笔者近１０年来从家蚕内分泌体系的一系列研究中发现,蜕皮素浓度的变化可以通过控制咽侧体的保幼激素的生物合成来影响幼虫发育,而ＰＴＴＨ的信息传递可通过调控前胸腺的功能,进而影响血淋巴中蜕皮素浓度。     

秦岭南坡旬河流域及邻近地区森林与其生境关系的初步研究

秦岭南坡旬河流域及邻近地区森林与其生境关系的初步研究康慕谊（西北大学地理系,西安７１００６９）ＲｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎＦｏｒｅｓｔＶｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＩｔｓＨａｂｉｔａｔｓｉｎＸｕｎｈｅＲｉｖｅｒＢａｓｉｎｏｆＱｉｎｌｉｎｇＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎａｎｄＩｔｓＡｄｊａｃｅｎｔＡｒｅａｓ￥ＫａｎｇＭｕｙｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＮｏｒｔｈｗｅｓｔＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ,Ｘｉａａｎ７１００６９）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（６）：６２－６６．Ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓｏｆｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎｅｃｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｆｍｕｌｔｉｖａｒｉａｔｅａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ（ＤｏｕｂｌｅＳｉｅｖｉｎｇＳｔｅｐＲｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ）ａｒｅａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏｒｅｖｅａｌｔｈｅｇｅｎｅｒａｌｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｆｏｒｅｓｔｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｔｓｈａｂｉｔａｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｕｐｐｅｒａｎｄｍｉｄ－ｄｌｅｒｅａｃｈｅｓｏｆＸｕｎｈｅＲｉｖｅｒｂａｓｉｎａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒａｄｊａｃｅｎｔａｒｅａｓ。Ｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｐｅ     

小兴安岭阔叶红松林凋落物产量及动态的研究

小兴安岭阔叶红松林凋落物产量及动态的研究刘传照,李景文,潘桂兰,李传荣（东北林业大学红松研究所,黑龙江带岭１５３１０６）ＬｉｔｔｅｒＰｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄＤｙｎａｍｉｃｓｉｎＢｒｏａｄｌｅａｖｃｄ－ＫｏｒｅａｎＰｉｎｅＦｏｒｅｓｔｓｉｎＸｉａｏｘｉｎｇａｎＭｏｕｎｔａｉｉｌｓ￥ＬｉｕＣｈｕａｎｚｈａｏ;ＬｉＪｉｎｇｗｅｎ;ＰａｎＧｕｉｌａｎ;ＬｉＣｈｕａｎｒｏｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＫｏｒｅａｎＰｉｎｅＳｔｕｄｉｅｓ,ＮｏｒｔｂｅａｓｔＦｏｒｅｓｔｒｙＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ,Ｄａｉｌｉｎｇ,Ｈｅｉｌｏｎｇｊｉａｎｇ１５３１０６）．ＣｈｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（６）：２９－３３．Ｔｈｒｅｅ－ｙｅａｒｓｔｕｄｙｗａｓｄｏｎｅｏｎｌｉｔｔｅｒｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｕｎｄｅｒｂｒｏａｄｌｅａｖｅｄ－ＫｏｒｅａｎｐｉｎｅｆｏｒｅｓｔｓｉｎｔｈｅＸｉａｏｘｉｎｇａｎＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎｓ。Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｓｈｏｗｅｄｔｈａｔａｎｎｕａｌｌｉｔｔｅｒｆａｌｌｉｓ４．２５±０．１７ｔ．ｈａ￣（－１）．ｙｒ￣（－１）．Ａｍｏｎｇｔｏｔａｌｌｉｔｔｅｒｆａｌｌ,ｌｅａｆｌｉｔ     

广东黑石顶常绿阔叶林生物量及其分配的研究

本文采用标准木和回归分析法（乔木层）及样方收获法（灌木层,草本层）研究了黑石顶自然保护区南亚热带常绿阔叶林的生物量及其分配规律。１．四种回归模型：（ａ）Ｙ＝ａ＋ｂＸ,（ｂ）Ｙ＝ａＸ＾ｂ,（ｃ）Ｙ＝ａｃ＾ｂｘ,（ｄ）Ｙ＝ａ＋ｂｌｎＸ都能成功地应用于该森林的生物量研究,但一般以（ｂ）及（ｃ）的相关系数较高。对较大胸径的样木组（Ｄ≥１０ｃｍ）直径方程的唯一显著的模型。２．森林总生物量为３５７．９７６ｔ·     

哺乳动物性别分化的调控

哺乳动物性别分化调控的分子机制的研究特别是性别分化的层次调控、剂量补偿和性染色体进化这三个领域,已取得快速进展。已经发现Ｙ染色体性别决定区基因（ＳＲＹ）、Ｘ染色体ＤＳＳ－ＡＨＣ决定区基因１（ＤＡＸ－１）、甾类生成因子１基因（ＳＦ１）和Ｗｉｌｍｓ瘤抑制基因（ＷＴ－１）等与哺乳动物性别决定有关。ＳＲＹ启动睾丸分化,但胚胎发育成雄性的其余步骤由事丸分泌的激素控制。ＤＡＸ－１且编码一种女性特异功能的蛋白质,它在男性中被ＳＲＹ所抑制。ＳＦ－１和ＷＴ－１在ＳＲＹ开启之前作用于性腺和肾上腺发育的启动。哺乳动物通过随机失活雌性两条Ｘ染色体中的一条来使Ｘ连锁的基因在两性间的表达水平达到平衡（剂量补偿）。Ｘ染色体失活由Ｘ染色体失活中心（ＸＩＣ）控制。失活的Ｘ染色体专一转录基因（ＸＩＳＴ）是ＸＩＣ的强烈候选者,它可能参与Ｘ失活的启动。对有袋目和单孔目动物性染色体的研究为我们提供了其进化的信息。有证据支持性染色体起源于一对同源常染色体,而ＳＲＹ的祖先基因可能是ＳＯＸ－３。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Similar aerosol emission rates and viral loads in upper respiratory tracts for COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variant infection

Highlights
1 Aerosol emission rates of Delta or Omicron patients were similar.
2 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of Alpha, Delta and Omicron patients were similar.
3 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of vaccinated or unvaccinated Delta patients had no difference.     

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

Highlights
1) A comprehensive evaluation method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs was established based on RT-qPCR, TCID₅₀ method, and immunofluorescence.
2) A significant antiviral effect of rHuIFN-α1b was shown with EC₅₀=0.12 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=0.52 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells, which was better than rHuIFN-α2b (EC₅₀=0.25 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=2.48 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells).
3) rHuIFN-α1b has a good potential in the application of anti-COVID-19 therapy.