格氏栲天然林和人工林土壤呼吸对干湿交替的响应

通过室外定位观测前期连续干旱情况下天然降雨及室内模拟不同温度 (10℃、19℃和 2 8℃ )下测定格氏栲天然林、格氏栲人工林和杉木人工林土壤增湿后呼吸动态 ,探讨不同林型土壤呼吸对土壤干湿交替的响应。结果发现室外定位观测和室内模拟试验均出现了增湿后土壤呼吸骤升至最大值及随后逐渐衰减的现象 ,且这种变化可由时间过程模型 (R=ate- bt c)较好地进行拟合。温度升高提升了土壤呼吸对干湿交替的响应值 RV。格氏栲天然林土壤呼吸对干湿交替的响应对温度最为敏感 ,随温度升高其响应指数 RE增加 ;杉木林土壤呼吸对干湿交替的响应指数 RE最高 ,且对土壤水分变化最敏感 ,但随温度升高超过一定限度后其响应指数 RE反而降低     

旱作农田不同耕作土壤呼吸及其对水热因子的响应

为研究旱作农田春玉米生育期不同耕作土壤呼吸变化特征及其对水热因子的响应情况,在山西省寿阳县旱农试验基地采用红外气体分析法测定了传统耕作(CT)、少耕(RT)和免耕(NT)土壤呼吸速率,并同步测定了各土层土壤水分、温度.研究表明:在春玉米生育期内,土壤呼吸速率均呈单峰型变化趋势,峰值出现在8月;传统耕作与少耕土壤呼吸速率变化趋势基本一致,而免耕土壤与前两者相比波动幅度较大;土壤呼吸峰值与水分、温度之间无明显相关,其余时期土壤呼吸与水分、温度因子具有良好的相关性;双因子模型较单因子模型能更好的描述土壤呼吸与水分、温度之间关系,基于水热双因子(10-20 cm)的指数-幂模型能够解释土壤呼吸变化的81％-87％ (P＜O.01);3种耕作土壤呼吸对水热因子协同影响的敏感性表现为CT＞NT＞RT.     

固沙植被区土壤呼吸对反复干湿交替的响应

由降水的不连续性引起的土壤干湿交替是荒漠生态系统土壤呼吸的重要影响因子。在恒温培养条件下,研究了固沙植被区土壤呼吸对不同降雨量(5、10、20 mm)条件下以10 d为降水周期的多重干湿交替过程的响应,结果表明:3个降雨量条件下的多重干湿交替过程中,土壤呼吸速率均在降雨后迅速增大,并在降雨0.5 h后达到最大值,尔后,随着土壤含水量的下降而逐渐减小并恢复到降雨前水平。随着干湿交替过程的依次进行,最大和平均土壤呼吸速率及累积碳释放量均呈现出逐渐减小的趋势。3个干湿循环周期平均呼吸速率和土壤碳释放量均随着降雨量的增加逐渐增大,土壤呼吸速率峰值表现为第1个干湿循环周期土壤呼吸速率峰值随着降雨量的增加而增大,而第2、3个周期各降雨处理下的土壤呼吸速率峰值显示出随着降雨前期土壤含水量的增加而减小的趋势。说明干湿交替过程对土壤呼吸具有显著的激发作用,且干湿交替程度(即降雨前后土壤含水量的变化)以及土壤前期所经历的干湿交替过程是影响荒漠生态系统土壤呼吸对干湿交替响应的重要因素。     

干湿交替对半干旱区沙地樟子松人工林土壤C和N矿化速率影响

在干旱/半干旱地区,土壤干湿交替是非常普遍的自然现象。近年来,随着极端降水和极端干旱气候事件增加,干湿交替对土壤C和N循环过程影响受到广泛重视。本研究以我国北方半干旱地区科尔沁沙地樟子松人工林为对象,模拟土壤干湿交替对土壤C和N矿化速率影响及其延时效应。结果表明,土壤呼吸CO2释放速率随土壤干旱化增加不断降低,干旱土壤重新湿润后,土壤呼吸速率能够迅速恢复到初始水平。与恒湿处理相比,干湿交替变化能够降低土壤呼吸CO2释放累积量和土壤硝态氮含量;而干湿交替处理土壤呼吸CO2释放累积量、土壤硝态氮含量和净硝化速率均显著高于恒干处理。在干湿交替结束后延时期间,土壤呼吸CO2释放速率、累积释放量对干湿交替变化表现出延时性,而土壤净硝化速率在不同处理间差异不显著。研究表明,土壤水分是影响半干旱地区沙地樟子松人工林土壤C和N循环的重要环境因子,且土壤C和N矿化速率对土壤干湿交替变化的延时响应存在差异。     

鄂东南低丘马尾松林和枫香林土壤异养呼吸及温湿度敏感性

采用野外监测方法,研究了鄂东南低丘地区主要森林类型枫香林和马尾松林土壤异养呼吸、土壤温湿度的年动态;并通过室内试验研究了土壤呼吸随土壤深度的变化以及表层土壤(0～5 cm)异养呼吸的温湿度敏感性,建立了表层土壤异养呼吸的温湿度响应模型,探讨全球温暖化对该区土壤异养呼吸的潜在影响.结果表明:枫香林和马尾松林0～5 cm土壤呼吸速率分别是5～10 cm、10～15 cm层的2.39、2.62倍和2.01、2.94倍,说明土壤异养呼吸主要发生在土壤表层(0～5 cm);枫香林和马尾松林0～5 cm、5～10 cm及10～15 cm土壤的Q10分别是2.10、1.86、1.78和1.86、1.77、1.44;枫香林和马尾松林表层土壤呼吸对温度(T)的响应符合指数模型[R=αexp(βT)],对湿度(W)的响应符合二次函数模型(R=a+bW+cW2);0～5 cm土壤对温湿度双因子的响应符合lnR=a+bW+cW2+dT+eT2模型,且异养呼吸对湿度的响应具有温度依赖性,即在高温下敏感,低温下敏感性下降;应用表层土壤异养呼吸温湿度模型预测枫香林和马尾松林土壤异养呼吸年动态及总量,枫香林土壤异养呼吸量的模拟值比实测值略高...     

气候过渡带锐齿栎林土壤呼吸对降雨改变的响应

作为大气与陆地生态系统之间的第二大碳通量,土壤呼吸是评价陆地生态系统碳循环及碳汇能力的不确定性来源之一。降雨格局改变及其导致的土壤水分变化是调节土壤呼吸的重要驱动。气候过渡带的水热状况受全球降雨格局改变的影响更为明显,揭示该区域森林土壤呼吸对降雨改变的响应规律有助于改善碳循环模型的预测精度。然而,气候过渡区的土壤碳排放过程如何响应降雨格局改变尚不清楚。通过在亚热带-暖温带的过渡区(宝天曼)开展降雨改变实验,以阐明锐齿栎林土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性对降雨增加(50%)和减少(50%)的响应规律。结果表明,降雨增加显著提高土壤湿度(+8.92%)而不影响土壤温度。与对照相比,降雨增加导致土壤呼吸显著提高80.5%,其土壤呼吸的温度敏感性(4.07)显著高于对照样地(2.66)。增雨处理下的土壤呼吸与土壤湿度呈负相关。降雨减少则显著降低土壤湿度(-10.25%),并对土壤呼吸有促进趋势,然而,对土壤呼吸的温度敏感性(2.64)无显著影响。减雨处理下的土壤呼吸强度与土壤湿度呈正相关。这意味着在我国亚热带—暖温带过渡区,降雨增加或减少均对土壤呼吸有不同程度的刺激作用,进而很可能减弱该区域森林生态系统土壤的固碳潜力。     

雷州半岛尾巨桉人工林土壤呼吸动态变化及其对气象因子的响应

为探讨桉树(Eucalyptus spp.)人工林土壤呼吸及其对气象因子的响应,采用LI-8100A土壤碳通量自动测量系统,对雷州半岛北部尾巨桉(E.urophylla×E.grandis)人工林的土壤呼吸速率进行监测。结果表明,尾巨桉人工林土壤呼吸速率具有明显的时间变化特征,表现为单峰曲线型变化趋势,2016年5月和翌年2月分别达到最高值[(3.17±0.12)μmol m–2s–1]和最低值[(1.18±0.16)μmol m–2s–1],年均值为(2.34±0.70)μmol m–2s–1。根据相关系数,土壤呼吸速率的影响因子以土壤温度气温气压光合有效辐射饱和水汽压差土壤湿度。主成分分析表明,温度、光合有效辐射等引起的热能量变异和土壤湿度等引起的水分变异是土壤呼吸速率的主要影响因子。回归分析表明,气象因子综合模型能解释土壤呼吸速率94.0%的变异情况,模型可靠性较高。尾巨桉林土壤表面全年CO2通量为893.31 g C m–2a–1。气象因子的综合作用能更全面地解释土壤呼吸的时间变异情况。     

基于GA-BP人工神经网络的樟树林土壤呼吸对施氮响应的研究

目前开展的施氮对土壤呼吸影响研究大多基于实验观测结果,受实验地自然条件的限制,不能研究在一定条件范围内土壤呼吸对施氮响应的连续变化。通过喷洒NH_4NO_3水溶液,设置对照(C,no N added),低氮(L,5 gNm~(-2)a~(-1)),中氮(M,15gNm~(-2)a~(-1)),高氮(H,30 gNm~(-2)a~1)4种处理水平,使用GA-BP人工神经网络建立樟树林土壤呼吸对施氮响应的模型,并将模拟结果使用响应曲面法展示,研究土壤呼吸对施氮响应的变化。研究结果表明,施氮对樟树林土壤呼吸既有抑制作用又有促进作用,其程度是由土壤温湿度条件决定的,总体上使得施氮对土壤呼吸在低土壤湿度的条件下主要表现为促进作用,在高土壤湿度条件下主要表现为抑制作用,在一部分土壤温湿度组合下表现为无明显作用。GA-BP人工神经网络模型以其特性,可以模拟土壤呼吸对施氮响应的连续变化,并在一定程度上解释了施氮量、土壤呼吸、土壤温度和土壤湿度之间复杂的数学关系。     

亚热带林分土壤呼吸及其与土壤温湿度关系的模型模拟

利用Li-6400-09系统,对我国亚热带地区3种主要林分类型(常绿阔叶林、杉木林和毛竹林)的土壤呼吸和土壤温、湿度进行了野外测定,并采用多种模型对土壤呼吸与土壤温、湿度的关系进行拟合.结果表明:毛竹林、常绿阔叶林和杉木林的土壤呼吸碳通量分别为12.84、11.70和7.12tC.hm-2.a-1;3种林型土壤呼吸具有相似的时间变化格局,其日变化均在11:00—12:00达到峰值,1:00—3:00最小;季节变化中,7、8月达到峰值,12月和翌年1月最小;Van′tHoff模型和LloydandTaylor方程在描述土壤呼吸与土壤温度的相关性时差异不大,但LloydandTaylor模拟得出的土壤呼吸值小于实测值;二次项模型和幂函数模型能较好地模拟土壤呼吸与含水量的关系,土壤含水量对土壤呼吸具有双向调节作用,但只有杉木林二者相关性达到显著水平;土壤水热双因子模型比单因子模型能更有效地描述土壤呼吸对土壤温、湿度协同变化的响应特征;协方差分析消除土壤温度、土壤含水量的影响后,植被类型对土壤呼吸的影响达到显著水平(R2=0.541);空气温度、空气相对湿度和光合辐射也在不同程度上影响着土壤呼吸变化,且空气温度的影响达到显著水平.     

高寒草甸土壤呼吸及其组分对氮添加的响应

本研究比较了青藏高原高寒草甸土壤呼吸速率(Rs)、自养呼吸速率(Ra)和异养呼吸速率(Rh)随施氮梯度的变化,揭示土壤呼吸及其组分变化的主要影响因素,为评价未来氮沉降背景下高寒草甸土壤碳释放提供科学依据。于2014年在四川红原青藏高原高寒草甸建立长期氮素添加平台,采取完全随机区组试验设计,设置0(N0,对照)、2(N2)、4(N4)、8(N8)、16(N16)和32 g N·m^-2·a^-1(N32)6个水平氮素添加控制实验。于2020年生长季对Rs、Ra和Rh进行监测。结果表明：施氮显著降低了土壤呼吸及其组分(P<0.05),且Ra的下降幅度大于Rh,导致Rh/Rs随施氮水平逐渐上升;不同施氮处理下Ra和Rh与土壤温度均呈显著的指数正相关(P<0.05);施氮降低了Ra的温度敏感性(Q₁₀),但提高了Rh的Q₁₀值;土壤呼吸各组分与土壤湿度的关系均不显著,但土壤温度和土壤湿度双因子模型对Ra和Rh的解释度高于单因素模型。本研究揭示了高寒草甸土壤呼吸及其组分对氮添加的响应特征及机制,可为评...     

The sensitivity of soil respiration to soil temperature,moisture, and carbon supply at the global scale

Soil respiration (Rs) is a major pathway by which fixed carbon in the biosphere is returned to the atmosphere, yet there are limits to our ability to predict respiration rates using environmental drivers at the global scale. While temperature, moisture, carbon supply, and other site characteristics are known to regulate soil respiration rates at plot scales within certain biomes, quantitative frameworks for evaluating the relative importance of these factors across different biomes and at the global scale require tests of the relationships between field estimates and global climatic data. This study evaluates the factors driving Rs at the global scale by linking global datasets of soil moisture, soil temperature, primary productivity, and soil carbon estimates with observations of annual Rs from the Global Soil Respiration Database (SRDB). We find that calibrating models with parabolic soil moisture functions can improve predictive power over similar models with asymptotic functions of mean annual precipitation. Soil temperature is comparable with previously reported air temperature observations used in predicting Rs and is the dominant driver of Rs in global models; however, within certain biomes soil moisture and soil carbon emerge as dominant predictors of Rs. We identify regions where typical temperature‐driven responses are further mediated by soil moisture, precipitation, and carbon supply and regions in which environmental controls on high Rs values are difficult to ascertain due to limited field data. Because soil moisture integrates temperature and precipitation dynamics, it can more directly constrain the heterotrophic component of Rs, but global‐scale models tend to smooth its spatial heterogeneity by aggregating factors that increase moisture variability within and across biomes. We compare statistical and mechanistic models that provide independent estimates of global Rs ranging from 83 to 108 Pg yr^?1, but also highlight regions of uncertainty where more observations are required or environmental controls are hard to constrain.     

Annual variation in soil respiration and its components in a coppice oak forest in Central Italy

In order to investigate the annual variation of soil respiration and its components in relation to seasonal changes in soil temperature and soil moisture in a Mediterranean mixed oak forest ecosystem, we set up a series of experimental treatments in May 1999 where litter (no litter), roots (no roots, by trenching) or both were excluded from plots of 4 m². Subsequently, we measured soil respiration, soil temperature and soil moisture in each plot over a year after the forest was coppiced. The treatments did not significantly affect soil temperature or soil moisture measured over 0–10 cm depth. Soil respiration varied markedly during the year with high rates in spring and autumn and low rates in summer, coinciding with summer drought, and in winter, with the lowest temperatures. Very high respiration rates, however, were observed during the summer immediately after rainfall events. The mean annual rate of soil respiration was 2.9 µ mol m^?2 s^?1, ranging from 1.35 to 7.03 µmol m^?2 s^?1. Soil respiration was highly correlated with temperature during winter and during spring and autumn whenever volumetric soil water content was above 20%. Below this threshold value, there was no correlation between soil respiration and soil temperature, but soil moisture was a good predictor of soil respiration. A simple empirical model that predicted soil respiration during the year, using both soil temperature and soil moisture accounted for more than 91% of the observed annual variation in soil respiration. All the components of soil respiration followed a similar seasonal trend and were affected by summer drought. The Q₁₀ value for soil respiration was 2.32, which is in agreement with other studies in forest ecosystems. However, we found a Q₁₀ value for root respiration of 2.20, which is lower than recent values reported for forest sites. The fact that the seasonal variation in root growth with temperature in Mediterranean ecosystems differs from that in temperate regions may explain this difference. In temperate regions, increases in size of root populations during the growing season, coinciding with high temperatures, may yield higher apparent Q₁₀ values than in Mediterranean regions where root growth is suppressed by summer drought. The decomposition of organic matter and belowground litter were the major components of soil respiration, accounting for almost 55% of the total soil respiration flux. This proportion is higher than has been reported for mature boreal and temperate forest and is probably the result of a short‐term C loss following recent logging at the site. The relationship proposed for soil respiration with soil temperature and soil moisture is useful for understanding and predicting potential changes in Mediterranean forest ecosystems in response to forest management and climate change.     

准噶尔盆地两种荒漠群落土壤呼吸速率对人工降水的响应

通过野外定位观测准噶尔盆地荒漠植物群落(假木贼群落和盐穗木群落)在不同人工模拟降水强度下的土壤呼吸、土壤温度和湿度动态,探讨了荒漠群落土壤呼吸速率对降水后土壤增湿的响应.结果发现两种荒漠植物群落的土壤呼吸速率均出现了模拟降水后10min减小、随后逐渐增加、达到最大值后再次衰减的现象.降水处理的土壤呼吸速率最大值出现滞后于对照处理,且呼吸速率最大值及最大值后的递减速率普遍高于对照.降水后土壤呼吸速率变化受温度和土壤湿度共同影响,降水后10min土壤呼吸速率的减小与土壤湿度最大值同步,呼吸速率最大值出现时间与地表温度一致,在降水后180～300min.2类群落3种降水处理间的土壤呼吸速率在模拟降水后(0～450min时段)均未达到显著差异.假木贼群落以5mm降水处理的平均土壤呼吸速率最大,盐穗木群落则以2.5mm 处理最大.土壤呼吸速率对模拟降水的响应受降水量、降水前土壤湿润状况、土壤质地等多种因素影响.     

Plants Mediate the Sensitivity of Soil Respiration to Rainfall Variability

Soil respiration from grasslands plays a critical role in determining carbon dioxide (CO₂) feedbacks between soils and the atmosphere. In these often mesic systems, soil moisture and temperature tend to co-regulate soil respiration. Increasing variance of rainfall patterns may alter aboveground–belowground interactions and have important implications for the sensitivity of soil respiration to fluctuations in moisture and temperature. We conducted a set of field experiments to evaluate the independent and interactive effects of rainfall variability and plant–soil processes on respiration dynamics. Plant removal had strong effects on grassland soils, which included altered CO₂ flux owing to absence of root respiration; increased soil moisture and temperature; and reduced availability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for heterotrophic respiration by microorganisms. These plant-mediated effects interacted with our rainfall variability treatments to determine the sensitivity of soil respiration to both moisture and temperature. Using time-series multiple regression, we found that plants dampened the sensitivity of respiration to moisture under high variability rainfall treatments, which may reflect the relative stability of root contributions to total soil respiration. In contrast, plants increased the sensitivity of respiration to temperature under low variability rainfall treatment suggesting that the environmental controls on soil CO₂ dynamics in mesic habitats may be context dependent. Our results provide insight into the aboveground–belowground mechanisms controlling respiration in grasslands under variable rainfall regimes, which may be important for predicting CO₂ dynamics under current and future climate scenarios.     

Temperature Dependence of Soil Respiration Modulated by Thresholds in Soil Water Availability Across European Shrubland Ecosystems

Soil respiration (SR) is a major component of the global carbon cycle and plays a fundamental role in ecosystem feedback to climate change. Empirical modelling is an essential tool for predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change, and also provides important data for calibrating and corroborating process-based models. In this study, we evaluated the performance of three empirical temperature–SR response functions (exponential, Lloyd–Taylor and Gaussian) at seven shrublands located within three climatic regions (Atlantic, Mediterranean and Continental) across Europe. We investigated the performance of SR models by including the interaction between soil moisture and soil temperature. We found that the best fit for the temperature functions depended on the site-specific climatic conditions. Including soil moisture, we identified thresholds in the three different response functions that improved the model fit in all cases. The direct soil moisture effect on SR, however, was weak at the annual time scale. We conclude that the exponential soil temperature function may only be a good predictor for SR in a narrow temperature range, and that extrapolating predictions for future climate based on this function should be treated with caution as modelled outputs may underestimate SR. The addition of soil moisture thresholds improved the model fit at all sites, but had a far greater ecological significance in the wet Atlantic shrubland where a fundamental change in the soil CO₂ efflux would likely have an impact on the whole carbon budget.     

降雨对旱作春玉米农田土壤呼吸动态的影响

土壤呼吸是调控全球碳平衡和气候变化的关键过程之一,降雨作为重要的扰动因子,在不同区域和不同环境条件下,对土壤呼吸具有复杂的影响.研究降雨对农田土壤呼吸及其分量的影响,对准确预测未来气候变化下陆地生态系统碳平衡具有重要意义.对黄土高原东部典型春玉米农田生态系统生长季内3次降雨前后土壤呼吸及其分量进行了原位连续观测,结果表明:在土壤湿润的条件下,降雨对春玉米农田土壤呼吸及其分量具有明显的抑制作用,在土壤湿度大于27％后土壤呼吸及其分量随土壤湿度上升呈明显下降,且对温度的敏感性降低.土壤呼吸及其分量在降雨前后的变化受土壤温度和土壤湿度的共同影响.降雨量、降雨历时和雨前土壤含水量决定了土壤呼吸及其分量对降雨响应的程度和时长.土壤呼吸及其分量对土壤温度的敏感性各不相同,微生物呼吸对温度的敏感性最高,Q10为5.14;其次是土壤呼吸,Q10为3.86;根呼吸的温度敏感性相对最低,Q10为3.24.由于土壤呼吸分量对温度和湿度的敏感性不同,降雨后根呼吸的比例有所升高.     

黄土高原藓结皮土壤呼吸速率对降雨量变化的响应

全球气候变化加剧背景下，干旱和半干旱地区的降雨模式将进一步改变，其造成的土壤水分波动是引起土壤呼吸动态变化的重要因素，但生物结皮土壤呼吸响应降雨模式变化继而影响陆地生态系统碳源/汇功能的机制尚不明确。针对黄土高原风沙土发育的藓结皮，以自然降雨量为对照，分别进行幅度为10%、30%、50%的模拟增雨和减雨处理，并利用便携式土壤碳通量分析仪(LI-8100A)测定了模拟增减雨后的藓结皮土壤呼吸速率，对比分析了其对降雨量变化的响应及机制。结果表明：(1)整个实验周期(2018和2019)增雨和减雨分别显著提高(增幅分别为17.9%—48.2%和27.1%—54.2%)和降低了(降幅分别为1.8%—26.8%和5.2%—20.8%)土壤含水量，但对土壤温度的影响不显著；(2)增雨抑制了藓结皮土壤呼吸速率(降幅分别为7.8%—31.7%和14.7%—39.4%),且随梯度增大抑制作用越明显；减雨则取决于减雨梯度，减雨10%和30%会促进土壤呼吸速率(增幅分别为27.5%、9.6%和23.6%、9.7%)而减雨50%具有抑制作用(降幅分别为15.6%和18.5%)。不同实验周期和不同降雨处理间藓结...     

Topographic and climatic controls on soil respiration in six temperate mixed-hardwood forest slopes, Korea

To better understand the effects of local topography and climate on soil respiration, we conducted field measurements and soil incubation experiments to investigate various factors influencing spatial and temporal variations in soil respiration for six mixed‐hardwood forest slopes in the midst of the Korean Peninsula. Soil respiration and soil water content (SWC) were significantly greater (P=0.09 and 0.003, respectively) on north‐facing slopes compared to south‐facing slopes, while soil temperature was not significantly different between slopes (P>0.5). At all sites, soil temperature was the primary factor driving temporal variations in soil respiration (r²=0.84–0.96) followed by SWC, which accounted for 30% of soil respiration spatial and temporal variability. Results from both field measurements and incubation experiments indicate that variations in soil respiration due to aspect can be explained by a convex‐shaped function relating SWC to normalized soil respiration rates. Annual soil respiration estimates (1070–1246 g C m^?2 yr^?1) were not closely related to mean annual air temperatures among sites from different climate regimes. When soils from each site were incubated at similar temperatures in a laboratory, respiration rates for mineral soils from wetter and cooler sites were significantly higher than those for the drier and warmer sites (n=4, P<0.01). Our results indicate that the application of standard temperature‐based Q₁₀ models to estimate soil respiration rates for larger geographic areas covering different aspects or climatic regimes are not adequate unless other factors, such as SWC and total soil nitrogen, are considered in addition to soil temperature.     

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地冬季土壤呼吸及其驱动因子

利用Li-8150系统测定了塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地冬季(1月)土壤呼吸,分析了环境驱动因子对极端干旱区荒漠生态系统土壤呼吸的影响。结果表明:(1)冬季土壤呼吸日变化呈现出显著的单峰曲线,土壤呼吸速率最大值出现在12:00,为0.0684μmol CO2m-2s-1,凌晨04:00附近出现最小值,为-0.0473μmol CO2m-2s-1;(2)土壤呼吸速率与各层气温,0cm地表温度均存在着极其显著或显著的线性关系,且都具有正相关性;(3)土壤呼吸速率与5cm土壤湿度存在着较为明显的线性关系,该层湿度能够解释土壤呼吸的69.5%;(4)0cm地表温度对土壤呼吸贡献最大,其次是5cm土壤湿度;(5)以0cm地表温度、5cm土壤湿度为变量,通过多元回归分析表明:土壤温度-湿度构成的多变量模型能够解释大于86.9%的土壤呼吸变化情况;(6)研究时段内土壤呼吸速率的平均值是-1.45mg CO2m-2h-1。