高黎贡山多毛蚤属一新种(蚤目:多毛蚤科)

在鉴定1987年底从滇西高黎贡山南段西坡采获的一批多毛蚤(Hystrichopsylla)中,发现其中自克钦绒鼠(Eothenomys cachinus)巢的两只雌性标本为一新种。新种蚤以自登云主任的姓氏命名,以此对他近年给予我们工作上的支持和帮助表示敬意。 自氏多毛蚤Hystrichopslla(Hystroceras)zii新种 鉴别特征 本新种的颊栉较少(4到6根)和前胸栉较多(40余根)与颊板多毛蚤H.     

中国鼠平亚科田鼠族(Microtini)分类学研究进展与中国已知种类

鼠平亚科田鼠族(Microtini)是一个分布广、物种多、在分类学上存在争议也较多的类群。通常认为该族在全世界有10属81种,中国有7属24种。近年来,通过广泛采集标本,开展分类与系统发育研究,基本厘清我国鼠平亚科田鼠族分类与系统发育问题。确认田鼠族在全世界仅8属,分别是东方田鼠属(Alexandromys)、雪田鼠属(Chionomys)、毛足田鼠属(Lasiopodomys)、艾草田鼠属(Lemmiscus)、田鼠属(Microtus)、松田鼠属(Neodon)、沟牙田鼠属(Proedromys)和川西田鼠属(Volemys)。帕米尔田鼠属(Blanfordimys)被证明是田鼠属的亚属,白尾松田鼠属(Phaiomys)是松田鼠属的同物异名,水鼠平属(Arvicola)被证明不属于田鼠族。而东方田鼠属是从田鼠属的亚属提升为属。中国田鼠族包括6属26种。青海毛足田鼠(Lasiopodomys fuscus)、白尾松田鼠(Phaiomys leucurus)和克氏田鼠(Microtus clarkei)均属于松田鼠属。凉山沟牙田鼠(Proedromys liangshanensis)、林芝松田鼠(Neodon linzhiensis)、聂拉木松田鼠(Neodon nyalamensis)和墨脱松田鼠(Neodon medogensis)是近年来命名的新种。     

八种沙鼠亚科和田鼠亚科啮齿动物阴茎的比较研究

本文对我国仓鼠科沙鼠亚科和田鼠亚科8种啮齿动物的阴茎进行了比较解剖学研究。分析了两亚科的沙鼠属(Meriones)、大沙鼠属(Rhombomys)、田鼠属(Microtus)和绒鼠属(Eothenomys)4个属之间以及同属的种间异同。结果证明阴茎头(包括阴茎骨和软体结构)的形态结构具有属和种的稳定性和特异性,可以作为分类学研究的重要依据。     

种间竞争对同域分布田鼠种群动态的影响

我们对美国伊利诺斯州中东部的蓝草和高草牧场共生的橙腹田鼠(Microtus ochrogaster)和草原田鼠(Microtus pennsylvanicus)开放种群进行了去除实验,以测定潜在的种间竞争。在蓝草草原,橙腹田鼠和草原田鼠的种群密度不因另一种的存在而受抑制;同时,另一种存在的情况下,相互间对月存活率、青年鼠位置的持久性生殖或迁入鼠数量没有负面影响,尽管在高草草原,草原田鼠似乎对橙腹田鼠的种群密度有强烈影响,并限制了迁入鼠的数量,但是雌橙腹田鼠的存活率、青年鼠的持久性和生殖活动的比例不因草原田鼠的存在而受影响。总之,在此研究地点,种间竞争没有对橙腹田鼠和草原田鼠共存种群的动态起到驱动作用。     

新疆社田鼠一新亚种——博格多社田鼠

社四鼠(Microtus socislis)主要分布于西南亚各国和苏联中亚等地,在国内仅见于新疆的天山和塔尔巴哈台山地一带。我们在天山中段博格多山地采获一批社田鼠标本,经研究为一新亚种,报道于下。     

棕色田鼠的生活习性观察及其防治

棕色田鼠(Microtus mandarinus Milne-Edwards)又名北方田鼠,在我国山西、陕西、河北到江苏北部等局部地区均有分布。由于其分布范围不广,不甚引起注意,迄今有关该鼠的研究和报道比较少。 我们连续五年在太原市南郊,对该鼠的栖息地、生     

布氏田鼠G带染色体研究

布氏田鼠(Microtus brandti Radde)是田鼠亚科中的一种小型野鼠,分布在我国内蒙古东部地区,对牧草和农田危害甚大,同时又是鼠疫的贮存宿主。有关布氏田鼠的染色体研究国内外未见报道。作者得到内蒙古锡盟鼠防     

布氏田鼠的一些生态资料

本文就呼伦贝尔草原布氏田鼠(Microtus brandti Radde)生态的一些资料简报如下: 1.布氏田鼠的生长 1975年6月,先后捕7只孕鼠,经笼养分别在6月5、8、9、12日产仔,幼鼠12—16天睁眼。这批幼鼠中有16只从6月养到9月,定期称重,到90天后处死。幼鼠初生平均体重2.05克;26日龄平均体重15.77克,平均日增重为0.54克;38日龄平均体重23.84克,此期平均日增重0.70克;64日龄平均体重30.2克,此期平均日增重0.25克;90日龄平均体重31克,日增重0.03克。     

内蒙狭颅田鼠一新亚种

中国科学院动物研究所工作组于1963年夏在内蒙东北部呼伦贝尔高原采得一系列狭颅田鼠Microtus gregalis Pallas,其中采自海拉尔河北岸、哈克车站东北谢尔塔拉的5个标本,经研究认为系一新亚种,定名为谢尔塔拉狭颅田鼠,现予描述于下:     

布氏田鼠动情周期的初步研究

布氏田鼠(Microtus brandti Radde)是我国呼伦贝尔草原的害鼠之一。为配合布氏田鼠的防治工作,我们对该鼠的动情周期进行了研究。关于这个问题,迄今,尚未见国内外有过报道。动情周期的出现,是决定动物是否具繁殖能力的一个因素,弄清这个问题,对阐明布氏田鼠的繁殖规律,具有一定意义。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.