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1.
刘娟  周影  王芹  张春杨  薛强  祝长杰 《菌物学报》2020,39(12):2328-2337
柞蚕蛹虫草中含有虫草素、腺苷、多糖等多种活性成分,具有提高免疫力、抗疲劳、保护心脑血管、抗癌等方面的作用,是冬虫夏草的良好替代品。以柞蚕蛹虫草的继代培育为基础,分别检测蛹虫草菌在不同传代次数时柞蚕蛹虫草子实体生长状态、蛹虫草中腺苷、虫草素、虫草多糖含量及蛹虫草菌菌丝、分生孢子中活性氧的分布。第1代蛹虫草菌接种后柞蚕蛹出现腐烂现象;第2、3代培育的子实体生长量、腺苷及虫草素含量均较高;第4代子实体生长量、腺苷及虫草素含量均出现大幅下降的现象。柞蚕蛹虫草中虫草多糖含量在传代过程中也逐渐降低,但降低幅度较腺苷和虫草素缓慢。第2代培育的柞蚕蛹虫草子实体生长状态优于第3代,故第2代蛹虫草菌更适合应用于批量生产。蛹虫草菌退化后含有活性氧的分生孢子比例增大,这可能是发生退化的表象之一。  相似文献   

2.
张园园  王勇  李悦  丁建  张晶  江新华 《菌物研究》2020,18(3):189-194
为探究秦巴山区富硒蛹虫草有效成分及硒存在形态,以秦巴山区蛹虫草CM-1518为研究对象,研究不同质量分数亚硒酸钠(0~500 mg/kg)对蛹虫草生长发育的影响,并对其有效成分及硒存在形态进行分析。试验结果表明当亚硒酸钠质量分数为100 mg/kg时,蛹虫草鲜质量最高,为293.41 g/盒。当亚硒酸钠质量分数为200 mg/kg时,虫草素、虫草酸含量最高,分别为1.06 mg/g和2.10 mg/g,表明硒与虫草素和虫草酸可协同增效,但虫草多糖含量变化规律不明显,亚硒酸钠的添加不利于腺苷的合成积累。经计算,富硒蛹虫草中有机硒所占百分比均高达99.9%,低浓度的亚硒酸钠可促进可溶性蛋白和可溶性多糖中硒的合成,但高浓度的硒却降低其合成,且富硒蛹虫草中可溶性多糖中硒含量高于可溶性蛋白硒含量。试验表明适宜浓度的亚硒酸钠可促进蛹虫草生长发育及有效成分合成积累。  相似文献   

3.
蛹虫草是一种具有多种生物功能的药用真菌,近年来在金属离子富集方面受到学者的广泛关注,但对蛹虫草富集Cr3+的能力及其相应的生理反应尚无文献报道。为此,本研究利用含有不同Cr3+浓度的燕麦培养基培养蛹虫草子实体,分别对蛹虫草子实体生物量及子实体中虫草素、腺苷、虫草酸、麦角甾醇、铬离子含量等指标进行了测定。结果表明,除麦角甾醇随着培养基中Cr3+浓度的增加而降低之外,其余指标均呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势。700 mg/L Cr3+处理时,子实体干、鲜重和铬离子含量达到最大值,分别比对照组增加36.85%、35.53%和202.12%;当Cr3+达1 500 mg/L时,虫草素和腺苷含量达到最大值,分别比对照组高94.61%和530.29%;虫草酸含量和多糖含量分别在1 100 mg/L和1 200 mg/L Cr3+处理时达到最大值,分别比对照组高123.62%和21.39%。本研究首次探讨了蛹虫草子实体富集Cr3+的能力以及Cr3+处理下的子实体生物量和部分次生代谢产物含量的变化规律,为进一步研究蛹虫草富集铬离子机制提供了理论依据,为富铬蛹虫草功能性食品的研发奠定了基础。  相似文献   

4.
采用麦粒(W)、麦粒加蚕蛹粉(WW)、大米(R)、大米加蚕蛹粉(RW)的配料栽培方式,以及蚕蛹(CY)活体接种栽培方式培养蛹虫草子实体,比较蛹虫草子实体中多糖及核苷、游离糖醇和小分子糖类含量。结果表明:培养基和栽培方式影响蛹虫草多糖含量及其单糖组成和分子量分布,多糖含量最高的为蚕蛹活体接种培养的处理(CY),多糖含量为6.19%,其他处理的多糖含量仅为CY的44.4%-62.8%;蚕蛹(CY)上培养的蛹虫草子实体中核苷类成分含量最高,在麦粒上培养获得的子实体中核苷含量显著高于在大米上的处理,并且麦粒添加蚕蛹粉后培养的子实体中尿苷、鸟苷、N6-(2-羟乙基)腺苷含量显著上升,大米添加蚕蛹粉后培养的子实体中尿苷、虫草素、N6-(2-羟乙基)腺苷含量显著上升;配料栽培的4个处理,其子实体中海藻糖含量为20.07%-23.40%,蚕蛹活体接种的处理(CY)海藻糖含量显著降低,为8.41%;添加蚕蛹粉后子实体中甘露醇含量显著降低。对各成分含量的数据进行归一化处理后进行蛹虫草品质的综合评价,在蚕蛹上培养的蛹虫草综合评分最高,麦粒为主要培养基培养的蛹虫草品质好于大米为主要培养基的,且添加蚕蛹粉的处理优于未添加的处理。  相似文献   

5.
在规模化培养条件下,根据虫草素、腺苷收率确定高活性蛹虫草菌株CMCX33最佳采收时间。从不同培养时期的蛹虫草子实体性状、产量及虫草素、腺苷含量及收率等进行比较分析。试验范围内,培养65 d的菌株CMCX33子实体呈现良好的商品性状,生物学效率最高(平均生物学效率103.0%);培养早期(35~55 d)腺苷含量呈快速累积、虫草素含量缓慢增加趋势,培养55 d时腺苷含量达到较高水平(2.42 mg/g),随着培养时间的增加,腺苷平均含量虽然呈小幅度下降趋势,但相对稳定,培养65 d时腺苷收率最高(平均收率0.23%);虫草素含量呈先快速增加后减少趋势,培养70 d时虫草素含量达到峰值(平均含量4.79 mg/g),该时期菌株CMCX33子实体的生长进入衰退期,生物学效率明显下降,虫草素总收率与培养65 d的子实体相同(虫草素平均收率0.44%)。综合考虑,高活性蛹虫草菌株CMCX33最佳采收时期为65 d。明确高活性蛹虫草菌株CMCX33最佳采收时期,为其应用研究及配套栽培技术规程的建立提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
为探讨培养基清除结皮对蛹虫草原基的形成影响,提高食用真菌蛹虫草的培养产量和品质,在无菌条件下,用无菌刀切除长满菌丝的培养基上表面部分,在温差和光周期刺激下培养,考察菌丝扭结和子实体生长情况,并检测蛹虫草子实体虫草素、虫草酸和多糖含量。结果显示培养基清除结皮组蛹虫草子实体生长快、颜色较深、易形成孢子头,其虫草素和腺苷含量显著升高(P<0.05),但虫草多糖含量变化不显著(P>0.05)。培养基清除结皮可显著地促进蛹虫草原基的形成,提高子实体产量和品质。  相似文献   

7.
蛹虫草优良菌株的筛选   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
通过对5株蛹虫草的菌丝形态和生长速率、液体培养生物量和胞外多糖、人工栽培和子实体中活性物质虫草多糖和虫草素的对比研究,筛选出优良的蛹虫草菌株。试验结果表明:蛹虫草6号菌株的菌丝的生长速率比其他菌株快;液体培养生物量和胞外多糖含量明显高于其他菌株;人工栽培的蛹虫草子实体头部大,子囊壳丰富,颜色橘黄,出草整齐均匀,出草率高,子实体中虫草多糖和虫草素的含量均高于其他菌株,表明6号菌株具有较高的经济价值,是值得开发和推广的好品种。  相似文献   

8.
通过对14株蛹拟青霉菌株进行摇瓶液体发酵培养试验,筛选虫草素产量最高的蛹虫草菌株,并确定了虫草素的最佳收获期;比较8种营养添加物对虫草发酵过程中虫草素积累的影响,筛选出最佳的营养添加物,以提高液体发酵生产虫草素的产量。结果表明:蛹虫草CM001号菌株的虫草素产量最高,蛹虫草菌在第10天细胞量达到最大值20.44mg/mL,虫草素含量在第13天达到最大值73.81mg/L,70%以上的虫草素分布在发酵液中。其中分别添加腺苷、腺嘌呤、丙氨酸、L-天冬氨酸、甘氨酸5种物质,对虫草素合成的促进作用均较明显,均能有效提高蛹虫草液体发酵虫草素的产量,特别是添加1g/L的腺嘌呤能使10号菌株的虫草素产量提高7.09倍。  相似文献   

9.
蛹虫草多糖对急性酒精性肝损伤改善作用的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文探讨了蛹虫草多糖对急性酒精性肝损伤小鼠模型的影响,并对蛹虫草多糖相对分子质量和单糖组分进行了分析。以12.86m L/kg BW的剂量一次性灌胃50%乙醇诱导小鼠产生急性酒精性肝损伤模型,灌胃蛹虫草多糖,结果表明蛹虫草多糖可以显著降低急性酒精性肝损伤后小鼠肝匀浆中的过氧化脂质降解产物丙二醛(MDA)、甘油三酯(TG)的含量(P0.01);提高肝匀浆中的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量(P0.01);脂肪变性程度均低于阳性对照组(P0.01)。采用凝胶过滤法测定蛹虫草多糖的相对分子质量为117k Da;高效气相色谱结果分析表明蛹虫草多糖是由鼠李糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖组成的,其组成比例分别为鼠李糖:木糖:甘露糖:葡萄糖:半乳糖=1:2.39:5.40:30.67:13.37。  相似文献   

10.
用大米作为固体发酵基质,通过蛹虫草菌种发酵后制成虫草菌质,测定菌质中腺苷、虫草素、多糖等成分含量.比较人工发酵虫草菌质与天然虫草腺苷、虫草素、多糖等主要活性成分的含量.结果表明,虫草菌质中虫草素、多糖含量分别超过天然虫草的40倍和3倍.因此.人工发酵虫草菌质可以替代天然虫草应用.  相似文献   

11.
为选育高产子实体和虫草菌素的蛹虫草菌株,从野生蛹虫草中分离单孢子并进行分型,之后进行产子实体实验;同时对蛹虫草子实体进行了产孢结构的观察,并用高效液相色谱仪检测了子实体和培养基中的虫草菌素。结果表明,菌落背面颜色为橙铬色的菌株容易产生子实体;出发(原代)菌株所产子实体在形态上更接近野生蛹虫草,而角变株的子实体畸形;出发菌株产子实体能力要比该菌株未发生角变部分分离株和角变部分分离株都强。在虫草菌素的产量上也以出发菌株为高,表明表型多态性对蛹虫草产子实体和虫草菌素有很大的影响。这对于优势菌种的筛选和生产实践有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

12.
The influence of initial pH value, various nitrogen sources, plant oils, and modes of propagation (shake-flask and static culture) on the production of biomass, exopolysaccharide (EPS), adenosine and, in particular, cordycepin, by Cordyceps militaris CCRC 32219 were investigated. Optimal conditions for mycelial growth, EPS and cordycepin production were observed at relatively low pH. Amongst organic sources, yeast extract (YE) was favorable for EPS and cordycepin production, while corn steep powder (CSP) was favorable for adenosine production. A lower C/N ratio was favorable for adenosine and cordycepin production; however, too low a C/N ratio led to diminished production. All plant oils tested stimulate mycelial growth and EPS production of C. militaris, but they did not show much effect on the adenosine and cordycepin production. A two-stage fermentation process by combining shake-flask fermentation with static culture significantly enhanced cordycepin production. A Box–Behnken experimental design was employed to optimize the production of cordycepin, which showed that the optimum conditions to produce cordycepin by C. militaris CCRC 32219 were at pH 6, YE concentration of 45 g/l and 8.0 day of the shake culture followed by 16 days of the static culture. Under the optimized conditions, the maximum production (2214.5 mg/l) of cordycepin was obtained, which is much higher than those reported up to date.  相似文献   

13.
对北虫草栽培残基中蛋白质、虫草素等主要营养及活性物质含量分析,为其资源化合理利用研究提供参考。采用反相高效液相色谱法测定氨基酸含量,半微量凯氏定氮法测定粗蛋白,稀酸碱处理法测定粗纤维含量,旋光度法测量淀粉含量,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定矿质元素钙及磷含量,苯酚硫酸法测定多糖的含量,高效液相色谱法测定虫草素。结果显示,北虫草栽培残基中主要营养成分氨基酸、粗蛋白、粗纤维、淀粉、含量检测分别为8. 17%、18. 4%、4. 9%、43. 1%;矿质元素钙及磷含量分别为0. 09%、0. 46%;主要活性成分虫草多糖含量可达4. 8%,与子座含量(5. 1%)相当;虫草素含量0. 318%,显著高于子座(0. 166%)中虫草素含量。结果表明,北虫草栽培残基中除富含蛋白质、氨基酸、淀粉等营养物质外,还含有虫草素、虫草多糖等北虫草特有的活性物质,具有较大营养价值。北虫草栽培残基综合利用资源化研究应用前景广阔。  相似文献   

14.
15.
Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae; M. alternatus), popularly known as the Japanese pine sawyer, is a vector of pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) that causes pine wilt disease. A solid medium culture with M. alternatus produced Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies with the longest strips and the highest biological efficiency. Supplementing the original form of M. alternatus with oats resulted in slightly enhanced fruiting body production. The original form of M. alternatus showed higher production than its powder form. The solid culture medium was optimized using a response surface methodology, and the optimal medium contained the following: 8·5 g per bottle of M. alternatus and 11·5 g per bottle of oats mixed with 22·4 ml of water in a 300-ml cylindrical plastic bottle. The optimal culturing period for the fruiting body formation was 37·1 days. Under these conditions, a fruiting body dry weight of 38·0 g per bottle (actual value) was attained. The fruiting body produced using a solid culture medium based on M. alternatus had a cordycepin content of about 25 µg g−1. The solid culture medium containing M. alternatus is highly efficient and eco-friendly, and its effectiveness in large-scale fruiting body production from C. militaris has been demonstrated.  相似文献   

16.
17.
A Cordyceps militaris NBRC 10352-3 strain that was isolated from C. militaris NBRC10352 produced 68 mg of cordycepin from 100 mL of medium, which was the highest level of cordycepin among 60 isolates from three C. militaris (NBRC 9787, 100741 and 103752) strains. Interestingly, a liquid surface culture of C. militaris NBRC 103752-3 produced 2-fold cordycepin to that in a submerged culture. Cordycepin production was significantly affected by specific surface area (SSA) in the liquid surface culture, and 120.9 mg of cordycepin was produced on SSA of 1.57/cm (from 50 mL medium). The addition of glycine and adenine as an additive to its culture medium was optimized by an experimental design. When 6.75 g/L of adenine was added to the culture, 312.2 mg of cordycepin (apparent concentration: 6.2 g/L) was produced from 50 mL medium, improving the cordycepin production by 4.6-fold. In this study, the production and productivity of cordycepin were significantly improved in C. militaris wild type by a single cell colony isolation and additives without adopting any mutational technologies. This C. militaris NBRC 10352-3 strain can be used as a new cordycepin-hyperproducing one, instead of a cordycepin-hyperproducing mutant.  相似文献   

18.
蛹虫草饲料添加剂包括蛹虫草子实体、蛹虫草培养残基、蛹虫草及其培养残基提取物、蛹虫草菌固液发酵产物、 微生物发酵蛹虫草残基等产品。蛹虫草饲料添加剂含有粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸等营养成分,以及虫草素、腺苷、多糖等活性成分,在畜禽、反刍动物、水产品等动物养殖中的应用均获得较好的 效果。对蛹虫草子实体、蛹虫草培养残基、蛹虫草及其培养残基提取物、利用蛹虫草菌及培养残基制作发酵饲料等蛹虫草饲料添加剂在动物养殖中的研究应用进行了总结,对存在的问题及发展前景进行了探讨及展望。  相似文献   

19.
《Process Biochemistry》2014,49(2):181-187
Cordycepin is one of the most versatile metabolites of Cordyceps militaris. When C. militaris G81-3, the mutant obtained by a proton beam irradiation, was cultivated by liquid surface culture, cordycepin was found to crystallize in the medium due to high cordycepin concentration. Because the cordycepin crystals strongly attached to the mycelial mat, complete recovery of cordycepin was difficult. To prevent cordycepin crystallization, increase of the initial medium volume was examined to decrease the condensation rate by vaporization, in combination with decrease of the initial substrate level. Besides, addition of the water to the culture bottle was examined to cancel out the medium condensation. A 7.4 g/L of cordycepin was obtained without crystallization by the former method. The upper limit of cordycepin production, 14.3 g/L, was obtained by the latter method and this value was the highest level of all the previous reports. A 2.5-fold scale-up of the culture slightly declined the production rate, however, the amount of cordycepin production was properly 2.5 times higher than that of the small scale. In addition, differences in sensitivities to the substrates between the mutant and the wild-type strain are discussed.  相似文献   

20.
《Phytomedicine》2014,21(12):1516-1524
Cordyceps militaris is a well-known Chinese traditional medicinal mushroom frequently used for tonics and recently of a potential interest for cancer intervention. Here, we explored the cancer cell killing activity of the hot water extracts of C. militaris cultured mycelia (CMMY) and cultivated fruiting bodies (CMFB). We found that CMFB exhibited a greater cytotoxic effect against various cancer cells over CMMY. Apoptotic phenotypes including apoptotic body formation, DNA laddering, caspase 3 activation and cleavage of PARP proteins were induced by CMFB treatment but only slightly induced by same concentration of CMMY treatment in human HL-60 leukemia cells. Cordycepin in CMFB (10.47 mg/g) is significantly higher (∼15.2 times) than that of CMMY (0.69 mg/g). Using isobolographic analysis, the synergy of cytotoxicity was observed across different combined concentrations of CMMY and cordycepin. By complementing cordycepin into CMMY to the level comparable with CMFB, we observed that CMMY (500 μg/ml) with cordycepin (4.8 μg/ml) induced apoptosis to a level similar to that induced by CMFB (500 μg/ml). Together, our results suggest that cordycepin possesses a synergistic cytotoxic effect with Cordyceps militaris-mediated apoptosis in human leukemia cells and therefore explaining a better anti-proliferating activity of CMFB over CMMY.  相似文献   

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