巨桉凋落叶分解对菊苣生长及光合特性的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了巨桉凋落叶分解初期对菊苣幼苗生长和光合生理特性的影响.试验设置A₁(30 g·pot^-1)、A₂(60 g·pot^-1)、A₃(90 g·pot^-1)和对照（CK）4个凋落叶水平,将各处理的凋落叶分别与12 kg土壤混合后装盆,播种菊苣.待A₃处理植株的第3片真叶完全展开后测定菊苣光合生理指标及相关生长指标.结果表明：巨桉凋落叶分解初期明显抑制了菊苣生物量积累、叶面积的增加及光合色素的合成,且随着凋落叶施入量的增加抑制作用加大;菊苣叶片胞间CO₂浓度增加,而净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均显著低于对照;随土壤中凋落叶含量的增加,除CO₂补偿点呈增加趋势外,其他光响应和CO₂响应的特征参数都呈明显下降趋势,并与对照差异显著.巨桉凋落叶分解过程中,其化感物质逐步释放并作用于受体植物,抑制其光合色素合成和光合作用,降低其环境适应能力,从而抑制菊苣的生长.     

巨桉凋落叶分解对菊苣生长及光合特性的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了巨桉凋落叶分解初期对菊苣幼苗生长和光合生理特性的影响.试验设置A₁(30 g·pot^-1)、A₂(60 g·pot^-1)、A₃(90 g·pot^-1)和对照（CK）4个凋落叶水平,将各处理的凋落叶分别与12 kg土壤混合后装盆,播种菊苣.待A₃处理植株的第3片真叶完全展开后测定菊苣光合生理指标及相关生长指标.结果表明：巨桉凋落叶分解初期明显抑制了菊苣生物量积累、叶面积的增加及光合色素的合成,且随着凋落叶施入量的增加抑制作用加大;菊苣叶片胞间CO₂浓度增加,而净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均显著低于对照;随土壤中凋落叶含量的增加,除CO₂补偿点呈增加趋势外,其他光响应和CO₂响应的特征参数都呈明显下降趋势,并与对照差异显著.巨桉凋落叶分解过程中,其化感物质逐步释放并作用于受体植物,抑制其光合色素合成和光合作用,降低其环境适应能力,从而抑制菊苣的生长.     

巨桉凋落叶分解初期对菊苣生长和光合特性的影响

采用盆栽试验,于2010年3-5月在四川农业大学教学科研园区内研究了巨桉凋落叶分解初期对受体植物菊苣幼苗生长和光合特性的影响.试验设置CK (0 g·pot-1)、A1(30 g·pot-1)、A2(60 g·pot-1)和A3 (90 g·pot-1)4个凋落叶施用水平,将各处理的凋落叶分别与12 kg土壤混合后装盆,播种菊苣,分别在播种30、45、60和75 d测定菊苣生长指标,待凋落叶量的最高处理组A3植株第3片真叶完全展开后,测定菊苣叶片的光合生理指标.结果表明:在各测定时间下,不同巨桉凋落叶施用水平的菊苣生物量积累和叶面积增长受到显著抑制;在凋落叶分解初期,菊苣幼苗叶片光合色素合成受到明显抑制,且随着凋落叶施用量增加抑制作用加大,各处理幼苗的光合速率日变化均呈午休双峰型曲线,气孔导度和水分利用效率的变化趋势与净光合速率相同,日光合总量表现为CK＞A1 ＞A2 ＞A3.经GC-MS定期检测,凋落叶中有33种小分子化合物随着凋落叶的分解而逐步释放,以具有化感作用的萜类物质为主.     

蓝桉凋落叶分解对菠菜生长及光合特性的影响

通过盆栽试验,模拟蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus)凋落叶在土壤中分解对受体植物菠菜(Spinacia oleracea)生长及光合特性的影响,设置L30(30 g/盆)、L60(60 g/盆)、L90(90 g/盆)和L120(120 g/盆)4个凋落叶施用水平,对照(CK)不加凋落叶。结果表明:(1)在分解30 d时,低量的凋落叶(L30)未抑制菠菜生物量的积累,而中量和高量处理(L60、L90和L120)下其生物量显著降低(P0.05);在凋落叶分解50 d后,蓝桉凋落叶的化感抑制效应已经减弱,仅L120仍然抑制菠菜生物量的积累;(2)一定量的凋落叶(L30和L60)对菠菜叶绿素的合成有促进作用,而凋落叶超过一定量时(L120)转为抑制作用,在凋落叶分解28 d时相对不明显,40 d后逐渐显现;(3)经凋落叶处理的菠菜叶片胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)及蒸腾速率(Tr)均显著高于对照(CK)(P0.05),而净光合速率(Pn)在L30处理下最高,L60和L90处理与CK差异不显著,仅L120处理显著低于CK(P0.05);(4)光响应与CO2响应曲线的特征参数表观量子效率(AQY)、最大净光合速率(Pmax)、光饱和点(Lsp)、光补偿点(Lcp)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)、Ru BP表观羧化效率(CE)和光呼吸速率(Rp)在L30处理下高于CK,其余凋落叶处理均低于CK,而CO2饱和点(Csp)、CO2补偿点(Ccp)随凋落叶量的增加而升高。综合各指标可见,少量的蓝桉凋落叶分解(L30)可通过增加叶绿素含量,提高对光和CO2的利用能力促进菠菜的光合作用,进而促进其生长,而凋落叶超过一定量时(L90—L120)则起到相反的作用。     

巨桉和天竺桂幼树对不同浓度SO2的光合生理响应

二氧化硫是大气主要污染物之一,可对植物的关键生理过程光合作用产生重要影响。利用密闭环境控制室熏气处理,研究不同浓度(自然状态下浓度、0.5mg·L-1、1.5mg·L-1、3.0mg·L-1)SO2对盆栽巨桉和天竺桂幼树叶绿素含量、光响应曲线、光合特征参数、光合日变化及硫含量的影响。结果表明:(1)SO2胁迫显著减少了巨桉叶绿素a、b含量,且叶绿素a/b值显著降低,而天竺桂在SO2胁迫下叶绿素a、b含量显著增加,叶绿素a/b值无显著影响。(2)SO2胁迫显著抑制了两树种的净光合速率(Pn);在SO2胁迫下巨桉气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)显著上升,而天竺桂的Gs和Tr显著被SO2抑制,Ci随SO2浓度的增加先升高后降低。(3)巨桉表观量子效率(AQY)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)、光补偿点(LCP)和光饱和点(LSP)及天竺桂Rd和LCP均随着SO2浓度的增加而先升高后降低,而天竺桂的AQY和LSP逐渐降低。(4)一天中,SO2胁迫显著提高了巨桉Pn、Gs和Tr,而对天竺桂Pn无显著影响,较低浓度SO2胁迫显著促进了天竺桂Gs和Tr,高浓度SO2胁迫则显著抑制其Gs和Tr;SO2胁迫显著抑制了两种植物的Ci。(5)SO2胁迫下,巨桉和天竺桂幼树叶片硫含量均显著增加。研究认为,巨桉对较低浓度的SO2胁迫有一定的适应能力,但对高浓度SO2胁迫的抗性不如天竺桂强,这可能与二者不同的叶片形态及生理特性有关。     

核桃凋落叶分解对小麦生长及生理特性的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了核桃(Juglans regia)凋落叶分解对小麦(Triticum aestivum)生长及抗氧化酶系统、渗透调节物质含量的影响。试验设置A1(30 g/盆)、A2(60 g/盆)、A3(90 g/盆)和对照(CK)4个凋落叶水平,将各处理的凋落叶分别与8 kg土壤混合后装盆。同时设置补充试验,将称好的核桃凋落叶蒸煮12 h,先后用80%丙酮和乙醇充分浸泡24 h,再蒸煮12 h,其他处理方法和条件相同,观测分析浸提蒸煮后的核桃凋落叶在施入土壤后对受体植物的影响。结果表明:核桃凋落叶分解(0—160 d)明显抑制了小麦茎秆地径、茎高、株高、地上部分干重,并随凋落叶量的增加抑制作用增强;随凋落叶量的增加,75—115 d小麦叶片超氧化物歧化酶SOD活性增强,但过氧化氢酶CAT和过氧化物酶POD活性显著低于CK但各凋落叶处理之间变化不明显;75—95 d小麦叶片丙二醛MDA含量变化不明显,115 d时随凋落叶量增加MDA含量显著增加;75—115 d随凋落叶量的增加可溶性糖含量显著增加,但可溶性蛋白含量呈现出下降的趋势;各处理凋落叶对小麦的化感综合效应CE均表现为抑制效应,0—115 d抑制效应增强,115 d后抑制效应减弱,这是由于核桃凋落叶在土壤中分解释放的有害次生代谢物质已明显减少;在补充试验中,各处理间无明显形态差别,CK、B1(30 g/盆)和B2(60 g/盆)水平下各生长指标差异不显著(P0.05),B3(90 g/盆)水平下化感效应指数RI的绝对值与A3相比明显减小,表明在一定的凋落叶施入量范围内,其对土壤物理性质的影响和对小麦根系生长的物理阻隔不会显著抑制小麦的生长。综合各项指标,表明核桃凋落叶分解过程中释放的次生代谢物质显著抑制了小麦生长和生理特性。     

天竺桂凋落叶对凤仙花生长和光合特性的影响

采用盆栽实验,通过向土壤(每盆8kg)中添加0g·pot-1(CK)、20g·pot-1(L)、40g·pot-1(M)和80g·pot-1(H)天竺桂(Cinnamomum japonicum)凋落叶,模拟其自然分解对凤仙花(Impatiens balsamina)生长和光合特性的影响。结果显示:(1)添加天竺桂凋落叶M和H处理下,凤仙花生物量和地径均显著降低,而株高无明显变化;其叶绿素含量受到显著抑制,净光合速率(Pn)和水分利用效率(WUE)显著低于CK,而气孔导度(Gs)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)3个气体交换参数显著高于CK。(2)Pn-PAR曲线和Pn-Ci曲线拟合表明,凤仙花在光饱和以及CO2饱和状态下的最大净光合速率(Pn max)、表观量子效率(AQY)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)、RuBP羧化效率(CE)和光呼吸速率(Rp)均随添加天竺桂凋落叶处理量的增加而呈下降趋势。(3)添加天竺桂凋落叶36d和67d时对凤仙花生长影响不明显,而处理58d时有明显抑制作用。研究表明,在模拟天竺桂凋落叶自然分解的土壤环境中,凤仙花的光合色素含量降低,抑制了其光合能力,对环境适应能力降低,导致凤仙花的生长受到抑制。     

核桃凋落叶分解对萝卜生长和生理的影响

为考察核桃(Juglans regia L.)与冬性作物复合种植模式中凋落叶分解对作物生长的影响,该试验采用盆栽法,以冬性作物萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)为受体,种入混有0、60、120和180g/pot核桃凋落叶的土壤中,并在萝卜生长过程中测定其形态、生理及生殖相关指标。结果表明:(1)萝卜地上部分的生长在凋落叶分解初期受到显著抑制,而在后期得到明显恢复。(2)在核桃凋落叶分解的影响下萝卜出现了明显的胁迫响应,特别是在分解初期和较高凋落叶量(120、180g/pot)处理下,光合色素含量受到明显抑制,叶片内活性氧含量增加,并在一定程度上受到渗透胁迫。(3)在测定时期内,萝卜叶片内MDA含量并未显著增加,即萝卜可通过自身调节抵御胁迫造成的危害。(4)萝卜在较高凋落叶剂量处理下,产出的种子颜色较深,且在180g/pot处理下产出的种子萌发率较低,种子质量受到明显影响。研究认为,土壤中核桃凋落叶分解初期能对萝卜造成化感胁迫,但长久来看不会降低萝卜产量;将两者复合种植时,可保留地面凋落叶,且最好在叶片分解一段时间后种植作物。     

香樟凋落叶分解对辣椒及土壤氮营养的限制作用

香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)凋落叶分解能够明显干扰受体植物的生长、生殖、光合生理和活性氧代谢。该研究继续采用盆栽试验,探讨了不同量[0(对照)、25、50和100g]的香樟凋落叶添加到土壤(10kg/盆)中对受体植物辣椒(Capsicum annuum)及其土壤氮营养状况的影响,外源氮(尿素)输入对凋落叶分解的交互作用,以及凋落叶分解效应的产生是否因为其较高的C/N比而导致微生物争氮。结果显示:(1)各剂量(25~100g/盆)凋落叶处理下,辣椒幼苗硝态氮、可溶性蛋白和全氮含量均在至少2个月内大幅显著降低。(2)土壤硝态氮与辣椒硝态氮、全氮间均具有极显著的协同下降趋势;土壤微生物生物量氮则在总体上高于对照,而土壤全氮和铵态氮的响应较小。(3)施氮不仅使辣椒各氮组分和土壤硝态氮含量整体提升,还使凋落叶分解在这些指标上的抑制作用显著减弱。(4)香樟凋落叶的初始C/N为125.61±4.89,其在土壤中分解48~137d后的C/N始终远高于Hodge假说指出的可导致微生物争氮的临界值,但经过分解120d和135d的凋落叶添加到土壤中并不抑制辣椒的生长。研究认为,香樟凋落叶分解初期可能释放了不利于土壤硝化过程的物质,造成土壤硝态氮匮乏,以致受体植物的氮素吸收和积累减少,而凋落叶较高的C/N比及土壤微生物争氮并非主导因素。     

香樟凋落叶分解对辣椒生长的抑制作用及施氮的缓解效应

采用盆栽试验,研究了香樟凋落叶分解对辣椒生长、生理特性和发育节律的影响及施氮对凋落叶分解效应的影响.试验设置对照(CK,每盆0 g)和每盆25 g(L25)、50 g(L50)、100g(L100)3个水平凋落叶处理,凋落叶分解39 d后开始施氮处理(每盆3.0 g尿素,分6次施入).结果表明:凋落叶分解明显抑制了辣椒的叶面积、株高、基径和生物量积累,且施用量越大,作用越强,持续时间越长;低量处理(L25)即可使其蕾数在观察期内(分解55~75 d)平均减少88.7%,96 d时的结实植株率减少40%,而中高量处理(L50和L100)下无植株现蕾和结实;各水平凋落叶处理的辣椒光合色素含量与净光合速率(Pn)几乎均低于CK;过氧化氢(H2O2)含量升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性升高,丙二醛(MDA)含量仅在高量处理(L100)下显著上升;施氮可明显减轻辣椒生长发育受抑制的现象,各凋落叶处理的辣椒叶面积在施氮后52 d,株高、基径、生物量在施氮后83 d几乎恢复至CK水平,现蕾和结实率也得以明显提升.     

内生真菌对羽茅生长及光合特性的影响

通过温室栽培实验,以感染两种内生真菌(Neotyphodium sibiricum和Neotyphodium gansuence)和未感染内生真菌的羽茅(Achnatherum sibiricum)为实验材料,分析感染不同种内生真菌对宿主植物的生长及光合特性的影响。结果表明,感染两种内生真菌羽茅的株高和CO₂补偿点显著低于未染菌的羽茅,而染菌羽茅的蒸腾速率和气孔导度显著高于未染菌羽茅,但对于感染不同种内生真菌的羽茅,无论是分蘖数与生物量的积累还是光合生理值之间均无显著差异。     

毛竹浸提液对苦槠幼苗生长的化感效应

为探讨毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)扩张过程中潜在的化感作用,选择苦槠(Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl)Schott)为研究对象。采用水浸提的方法,用毛竹茎叶、枯落物和土壤3部分浸提液浇灌苦槠幼苗,以蒸馏水处理作为对照,对比分析质量浓度分别为0.1、0.05、0.02 g/mL的3个浓度梯度浸提液处理下苦槠幼苗生长指标及各项光合生理指标的差异。结果表明,毛竹浸提液对苦槠幼苗苗高、地径和叶绿素相对含量的影响大体上呈现高浓度抑制低浓度促进的双重浓度效应。不同来源毛竹浸提液的化感效应不尽相同,土壤浸提液对苦槠幼苗生长和光合生理均呈现抑制作用,而茎叶、枯落物浸提液低浓度时为促进作用。毛竹潜在的化感作用,在其扩张过程中可能会干扰森林主要树种更新,从而对森林群落产生威胁。     

马尾松幼苗根系和光合碳供应对土壤性质变化和温室气体排放的驱动作用

森林植被受全球气候变化、森林经营活动及病虫害等多种干扰,导致林地光合碳供应水平及根系输入量发生变化。在此背景下,土壤性质及土壤温室气体排放的响应及其机理是预测森林碳汇功能变化及森林可持续经营的重要依据。以2年生马尾松盆栽苗为对象,通过单株/盆和3株/盆栽植密度控制根系输入量、通过环割和截干控制光合碳向地下的供应能力,模拟森林植被干扰导致的根系输入量及光合碳供应变化对土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构及温室气体排放的影响。结果表明,苗木根系非结构性碳水化合物(TNC)含量和氮含量比单株/盆低;3株/盆的土壤速效氮含量比单株/盆低,土壤革兰氏阳性菌、厌氧菌、放线菌及丛枝菌根真菌丰富度均比单株/盆显著增加,3株/盆的土壤二氧化碳(CO₂)排放速率较高,但土壤氧化亚氮(N₂O)排放速率差异不显著。无论是单株/盆还是3株/盆,环割和截干处理后,根系生物量、根系长度及表面积均比对照显著下降;根系TNC含量显著下降。土壤和根系氮含量都有增加趋势;土壤微生物生物量碳(SMBC)含量降低,而土壤微生物生物量氮(SMBN)则提高。环割和截干后,土壤中各种微生物组成丰富度均有下降趋势,土壤CO₂排放速率显著下降,土壤N₂O排放速率则显著提高。根系输入量及光合碳供应对土壤细菌和真菌含量均有显著影响,土壤细菌含量与根系生物量、SMBC和SMBN显著正相关;土壤真菌含量与土壤温度显著负相关,与根系生物量、SMBC和SMBN显著正相关。相关分析表明,土壤CO₂排放通量与土壤温度、土壤湿度及根系生物量显著正相关,与土壤硝态氮显著负相关;土壤N₂O排放通量与土壤温度和土壤湿度显著正相关。以上研究表明,根系输入量与地上光合碳供应共同作用,改变土壤理化性质及微生物环境,进而影响土壤温室气体排放。     

Species-specific effects of elevated CO2 on resource allocation in Plantago maritima and Armeria maritima

We investigated the effects of increased atmospheric CO₂ on the biomass, photosynthesis, protein and phenolic concentrations and content of Plantago maritima and Armeria maritima. This enabled us to test the protein competition model (PCM) for predicting C allocation to phenolics. Three contrasting responses to elevated CO₂ (600 μmol CO₂ mol⁻¹) between the two study species were observed. (1) In P. maritima, plant biomass increased and the maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco (V_c,max) was decreased. However, in A. maritima, shoot biomass decreased and the V_c,max of Rubisco was unchanged. (2) The total phenolic content increased in P. maritima but decreased in A. maritima. (3) Protein concentrations and content decreased in P. maritima and root protein concentrations and content increased in A. maritima. We conclude that C and N allocation to phenolics and proteins is species- and organ-specific and the PCM predictions were correct when phenolics and proteins were expressed on a per plant content basis.     

Effects of water deficit stress on growth,water relations and osmolyte accumulation in Medicago truncatula and M. laciniata populations

The effects of water stress were investigated in two Tunisian Medicago truncatula populations collected from arid (Mt-173) and sub-humid (Mt-664) climates and two Tunisian M. laciniata populations originating from arid (Ml-173) and semi-arid (Ml-345) regions. After a pre-treatment phase (24 days after sowing, DAS) of watering at 100% of field capacity (FC), the plants were either irrigated at 100% FC or at only 33% FC. After 12 days of treatment (36 DAS), one lot of dehydrated plants was rewatered at 100% FC. A final harvest was carried out after 24 days of treatment (48 DAS). Measured parameters were total dry weight (TDW), root shoot ratio (RSR), leaf relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential (OP), photosynthetic parameters (CO₂ net assimilation A, stomatal conductance g_s and transpiration E), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and leaf contents in inorganic (Na⁺ and K⁺) and organic solutes (proline and soluble sugars). Under water deficit conditions, compared to M. laciniata, M. truncatula populations showed a higher reduction in TDW, A, g_s and RWC associated with a higher increase in MDA concentration. Thus, the relative tolerance of M. laciniata populations to water shortage would be related to their lower intrinsic growth rate and stomatal control of gas exchange. TDW, A, g_s, E and RWC were more decreased by water deficit in Ml-345 than in Ml-173. Drought tolerance of Ml-173 was found to be associated with a more pronounced decrease of OP and a lower reduction in RWC due to the accumulation of solutes such as proline, soluble sugars and K⁺. In addition, Ml-173 showed the highest water use efficiency values (WUE) and the lowest MDA concentrations under water deficit stress.     

Responses of Gmelina arborea, a tropical deciduous tree species, to elevated atmospheric CO2: Growth, biomass productivity and carbon sequestration efficacy

The photosynthetic response of trees to rising CO₂ concentrations largely depends on source-sink relations, in addition to differences in responsiveness by species, genotype, and functional group. Previous studies on elevated CO₂ responses in trees have either doubled the gas concentration (>700 μmol mol⁻¹) or used single large addition of CO₂ (500-600 μmol mol⁻¹). In this study, Gmelina arborea, a fast growing tropical deciduous tree species, was selected to determine the photosynthetic efficiency, growth response and overall source-sink relations under near elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration (460 μmol mol⁻¹). Net photosynthetic rate of Gmelina was ∼30% higher in plants grown in elevated CO₂ compared with ambient CO₂-grown plants. The elevated CO₂ concentration also had significant effect on photochemical and biochemical capacities evidenced by changes in F_V/F_M, ABS/CSm, ET₀/CSm and RuBPcase activity. The study also revealed that elevated CO₂ conditions significantly increased absolute growth rate, above ground biomass and carbon sequestration potential in Gmelina which sequestered ∼2100 g tree⁻¹ carbon after 120 days of treatment when compared to ambient CO₂-grown plants. Our data indicate that young Gmelina could accumulate significant biomass and escape acclimatory down-regulation of photosynthesis due to high source-sink capacity even with an increase of 100 μmol mol⁻¹ CO₂.     

A novel substance with allelopathic activity in Ginkgo biloba

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) is one of the oldest living tree species and has been widely used in traditional medicine. Leaf extracts of ginkgo, such as the standardized extract EGb761, have become one of the best-selling herbal products. However, no bioactive compound directed at plants has been reported in this species. Therefore, we investigated possible allelopathic activity and searched for allelopathically active substances in ginkgo leaves. An aqueous methanol leaf extract inhibited the growth of roots and shoots of garden cress (Lepidium sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), timothy (Phleum pratense) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) seedlings. The extract was purified by several chromatographic runs and an allelopathically active substance was isolated and identified by spectral analysis to be the novel compound 2-hydroxy-6-(10-hydroxypentadec-11-enyl)benzoic acid. The compound inhibited root and shoot growth of garden cress and timothy at concentrations greater than 3 μM. The activity of the compound was 10- to 52-fold that of nonanoic acid. These results suggest that 2-hydroxy-6-(10-hydroxypentadec-11-enyl)benzoic acid may contribute to the allelopathic effect caused by ginkgo leaf extract. The compound may also have potential as a template for the development of new plant control substances.     

Inhibitory effects of leachate from Eupatorium adenophorum on germination and growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium glaucum

Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Chenopodium glaucum L. are two widely distributed destructive weeds. Their strong adaptability and massive seed production make them the hardest weeds to deal with. This present study intended to investigate the effect of leachate from Eupatorium adenophorum on the growth of these weeds and explore the potential to develop an environmental friendly strategy to use the leachate to control the weeds. Seeds of A. retroflexus L. and C. glaucum L. were soaked in solutions containing 0%, 0.6%, 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5% leachate from E. adenophorum leaves. A. retroflexus and C. glaucum seedlings grown in pots were sprayed with leachate solutions in the same concentration range. The effects of these leachate solutions on membrane permeability and germination of seeds, and growth and physiological characteristics of the seedlings were investigated. The highest concentration of leachate (5%) caused significant damage to the cell membrane of seeds of both weed species, whereas lower concentrations (0.6%) promoted repair of the membrane system, as reflected by higher and lower than control in relative conductivity (RC), respectively. Different concentrations of leachate showed distinct allelopathic inhibitory effects on the two weed species; lower concentrations showed weak inhibitory or even positive effects, whereas higher concentrations showed stronger inhibitory effects. Higher concentrations of leachate (2.5% and 5%) delayed germination and significantly decreased the emergence rate of the seeds, survival rate, and dry matter accumulation of the seedlings. When treated by 5% leachate, the emergence date of A. retroflexus was delayed by 3.6 d, emergence rate of the seeds and survival rate was 69.1% and 70.6% of the control, respectively, seedling dry matter was 48.6% less than the control; In the case of C. glaucum, the emergence date was delayed by 2.7 d, emergence rate of the seeds and survival rate was 45.1% and 58.6% of the control, respectively, seedling dry matter was 44.7% less than the control. There were significant interactions among the different concentrations of leachate and the length of treatment period with respect to activities of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, and chlorophyll contents. Seedlings treated with 0.6%, 1.25%, or 2.5% leachate solution for 24–72 h showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities. When seedlings were treated with leachate solutions for 96 h, antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll content decreased in A. retroflexus, but only CAT activity decreased in C. glaucum. When seedlings of the two weed species were treated with 5% leachate solution, CAT activity and chlorophyll content decreased and MDA content gradually increased with longer treatment times (from 24 to 96 h). The two weed species showed different allelopathic responses to E. adenophorum; A. retroflexus was more sensitive than C. glaucum. Based on the investigation, it could be speculated that the delayed germination and low germination rate of the weeds after treatment by leachate could be due to the fact that leachate damaged the membrane system of the seeds. By delaying germination, lowering the germination rate of the weeds and inhibiting seedling growth, leachate from E. adenophorum could provide an effective way of controlling the weeds.