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1.
Humio Kurasawa Yoshiaki Kanauti Koji Takei Shiroshi Ogawa Tetsutaro Okabe Toshiro Hayakawa 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(10):1809-1813
A screening was designed to isolate microorganisms having poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) endohydrolase activity. Of the strains screened, TM-4222, from a soil sample, showed the highest viscosity decrement ability on PGA. It was identified to be a Myrothecium sp. The fungal production of the enzyme was slightly promoted with yeast extract and greatly promoted with· both yeast extract and PGA. The fungus was evaluated to produce PGA hydrolase of an endo-type specificity by analyzing of the reaction products. 相似文献
2.
Kumar Nishanth Bala Nambisan R. Ramya Chellapan Mohandas 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(6):721-731
A specific symbiotic Bacillus sp. isolated from a rhabditid entomopathogenic nematode, Rhabditis (Oscheius) sp. was found to produce large number of bioactive compounds. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of antimicrobial substances by Bacillus sp. The yield of the crude antimicrobial substances and antimicrobial activity against the test micro-organism also differed significantly when carbon and nitrogen sources in the fermentation media were changed. The antifungal activity was significantly high in yeast extract plus fructose (46.5?±?2.12?mm) followed by yeast extract plus maltose, beef extract plus fructose and meat infusion plus glucose. High pressure liquid chromatography analysis of the crude antimicrobial substances revealed different peaks with different retention time indicating that they produced different compounds. When the carbon source was not included in the fermentation media, the antimicrobial production was substantially reduced. The results indicate that carbon source in the fermentation media plays a vital role in the production of antifungal substances. It is concluded that yeast extract and fructose as nitrogen and carbon sources produced maximum activity, which can effectively control the blue mould caused by Penicillium expansum in apples and pears. 相似文献
3.
Nanthawan Mekha Masako Takashima Jotika Boon‐long Otomi Cho Takashi Sugita 《Microbiology and immunology》2014,58(1):9-14
4.
Two strains belonging to a novel anamorphic species, Pseudozyma graminicola, were isolated from the leaves of herbaceous plants in the Moscow region (Russia). This species was genetically distinct
from all known Pseudozyma species, based on sequence divergence in the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rDNA and the ITS region. It is related phylogenetically
to species of the genus Sporisorium (Ustilaginaceae, Ustilaginales). Physiological characteristics distinguishing this novel species from the other species of
the genus Pseudozyma are presented. 相似文献
5.
Morita T Konishi M Fukuoka T Imura T Kitamoto D 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2006,73(2):305-313
The search for a novel producer of glycolipid biosurfactants, mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL) was undertaken based on the analysis of ribosomal DNA sequences on the yeast strains of the genus Pseudozyma. Pseudozyma rugulosa NBRC 10877 was found to produce a large amount of glycolipids from soybean oil. Fluorescence microscopic observation also demonstrated that the strain significantly accumulates polar lipids in the cells. The structure of the glycolipids produced by the strain was analyzed by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry methods, and was determined to be the same as MEL produced by Pseudozyma antarctica, a well-known MEL producer. The major fatty acids of the present MEL consisted of C8 and C10 acids. Based on high performance liquid chromatography, the composition of the produced MEL was as follows: MEL-A (68%), MEL-B (12%), and MEL-C (20%). To enhance the production of MEL by the novel strain, factors affecting the production, such as carbon and nitrogen sources, were further examined. Soybean oil and sodium nitrate were the best carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The supplementation of a MEL precursor, such as erythritol, drastically enhanced the production yield from soybean oil at a rate of 70 to 90%. Under the optimal conditions in a shake culture, a maximum yield, productivity, and yield coefficient (on a weight basis to soybean oil supplied) of 142 g l−1, 5.0 g l−1 day−1, and 0.5 g g−1 were achieved by intermittent feeding of soybean oil and erythritol using the yeast. 相似文献
6.
Avis TJ Cheng YL Zhao YY Bolduc S Neveu B Anguenot R Labbé C Belzile F Bélanger RR 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2005,69(3):304-311
Although Basidiomycetes represent the most evolved class of fungi, they have been neglected with regard to recombinant gene expression. In this work, basidiomycetous yeasts belonging to Pseudozyma spp. were studied with respect to their amenability to heterologous protein production. Single plasmid or cotransformation experiments routinely afforded 100 to 200 independent transformants for the two tested species of Pseudozyma. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was expressed in the correctly folded conformation, as demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy, and hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) was expressed in its active form, as revealed by its lytic activity on Micrococcus lysodeikticus cells. Protease analysis established that Pseudozyma spp. contained equivalent or less extracellular protease activity than yeasts and far less protease activity than ascomycetous filamentous fungi in similar culture conditions. This proteolytic activity was inhibited by over 97% with a combination of PMSF and Pepstatin A. N-glycosylation patterns of native Pseudozyma flocculosa secreted proteins were comprised of one or a few short glycan chains that possess a classic eukaryotic structure typical of higher fungi and animal cells. This is the first report of a Basidiomycete that possesses multiple intrinsic characteristics necessary for use as a heterologous gene expression system. 相似文献
7.
Morita T Konishi M Fukuoka T Imura T Kitamoto D 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2007,74(2):307-315
Vegetable oil is the usual carbon source for the production of biosurfactants (BS), mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL). To simplify
the procedures of BS production and recovery, we investigated the extracellular production of MEL from water-soluble carbon
sources instead of vegetable oils by using two representative yeast strains. The formation of extracellular MEL from glucose
was confirmed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and HPLC analysis. On glucose cultivation, pure MEL were easily prepared
by only solvent extraction of the culture medium, different from the case of soybean oil cultivation. The fatty acid profile
of the major MEL produced from glucose was similar to that produced from soybean oil based on GC–MS analysis. The resting
cells of Pseudozyma antarctica T-34 produced MEL by feeding of glucose only and gave a yield of 12 g l−1. In contrast, Pseudozyma aphidis ATCC 32657 gave no MEL from glucose. Moreover, the extracellular lipase activities were detected at high levels during the
cultivation regardless of the carbon sources. These results indicate that all the biosynthesis pathways for MEL in P. antarctica T-34 should constitutively function. In conclusion, P. antarctica T-34 thus has potential for BS production from glucose. 相似文献
8.
Arutchelvi JI Bhaduri S Uppara PV Doble M 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2008,35(12):1559-1570
Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are surface active compounds that belong to the glycolipid class of biosurfactants (BSs).
MELs are produced by Pseudozyma sp. as a major component while Ustilago sp. produces them as a minor component. Although MELs have been known for over five decades, they recently regained attention
due to their environmental compatibility, mild production conditions, structural diversity, self-assembling properties and
versatile biochemical functions. In this review, the MEL producing microorganisms, the production conditions, their applications,
their diverse structures and self-assembling properties are discussed. The biosynthetic pathways and the regulatory mechanisms
involved in the production of MEL are also explained here. 相似文献
9.
Muramatsu M Ohto C Obata S Sakuradani E Shimizu S 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2008,80(4):589-595
Squalene synthase inhibitors significantly accelerate the production of farnesol by various microorganisms. However, farnesol
production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 64031, in which the squalene synthase gene is deleted, was not affected by the inhibitors, indicating that farnesol
accumulation is enhanced in the absence of squalene synthase activity. The combination of diphenylamine as an inhibitor of
carotenoid biosynthesis and a squalene synthase inhibitor increases geranylgeraniol production by a yeast, Rhodotorula rubra NBRC 0870. An ent-kauren synthase inhibitor also enhances the production of farnesol and geranylgeraniol by a filamentous
fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi NBRC 30336. These results indicate that the inhibition of downstream enzymes from prenyl diphosphate synthase leads to the
production of farnesol and geranylgeraniol. 相似文献
10.
Pyung Cheon Lee Woo Gi Lee Sang Yup Lee Ho Nam Chang Yong Keun Chang 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2000,5(5):379-381
Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens requires expensive complex nitrogen sources such as yeast extract and polypeptone for its growth and succinic acid production.
It was found thatA. succiniciproducens was able to grow in a minimal medium containing glucose when supplemented with corn steep liquor (CSL) as the sole complex
nitrogen source. The concentration of CSL had a significant effect on the glucose consumption byA. succiniciproducens. When 10–15 g/L of CSL was supplemented, cells were grown to an OD660 of 3.5 and produced 17.8 g/L succinic acid with 20 g/L glucose. These results are similar to those obtained by supplementing
yeast extract and polypeptone, thereby suggesting that succinic acid can be produced more economically using glucose and CSL. 相似文献
11.
Xiaoyuan Liu Xin Qiu Zhengqiao Duan Dongming Ping Xineng Zhou Jun Yang 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2018,28(1):62-76
Plant surface is colonised with a vast community of non-pathogenic epiphytic microorganisms which play an important role in host defence. In the present study, we reported a fungus from mulberry leaf surface that showed an antagonistic effect against mulberry powdery mildew fungal pathogen Phyllactinia sp. This novel isolate is a yeast-like fungus that was identified as Pseudozyma aphidis CNm2012 based on morphologic and phylogenetic analysis. According to our research, P. aphidis CNm2012 directly acted on the powdery mildew conidia via parasitism which caused conidial atrophy, collapse and eventually, cleavage and death. During the parasitic process, we found the isolate could gather around the conidia of Phyllactinia sp. and form hyphae that grew on the conidial surface and utilise the conidia as a nutrient source. Field studies revealed that P. aphidis CNm2012 could suppress the disease incidence of mulberry powdery mildew caused by Phyllactinia sp., and reduce the disease severity. To our knowledge, it is the first report of P. aphidis directly against powdery mildew fungus Phyllactinia spp. by parasitism. Our results indicated that P. aphidis CNm2012 could be served as an environmentally friendly alternative of chemical pesticides to manage mulberry powdery mildew disease. 相似文献
12.
Agricultural waste products, beech wood and walnut shells, were hydrolyzed at 40°C using mixed crude enzymes produced byPenicillium sp. AHT-1 andRhizomucor pusillus HHT-1.d-xylose, 4.1 g and 15.1 g was produced from the hydrolysis of 100 g of beech wood and walnut shells, respectively. For xylitol
production,Candida tropicalis IFO0618 and the waste product hydrolyzed solutions were used. The effects on xylitol production, of adding glucose as a NADPH
source,d-xylose and yeast extract, were examined. Finally, a 50% yield of xylitol was obtained by using the beech wood hydrolyzed
solution with the addition of 1% yeast extract and 1% glucose at an initial concentration. 相似文献
13.
A fungal isolate, Arthrographis sp. strain F4, when grown in shake-flask culture, produced cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes optimally at 30°C with an initial pH of 5.0 to 6.0. Coarsely-ground filter paper was the most suitable carbon substrate for production of the enzymes. Inorganic nitrogen sources gave higher activities of the enzymes than organic nitrogen sources: NH4NO3 and yeast extract was the most effective combination. Significant stimulation (P<0.05) of enzyme production was achieved with 0.1% (v/v) Tween 80.B.C. Okeke was and S.K.C. Obi is with the Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. B.C. Okeke is now with the Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Royal College Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK 相似文献
14.
Wen Du Zongqi Liang Xiao Zou Yanfeng Han Jiandong Liang Jianping Yu Wanhao Chen Yurong Wang Chunlong Sun 《Folia microbiologica》2013,58(4):283-289
Some endophyte isolates were isolated in a bamboo pole sample parasitized the fungus Shiraia bambusicola from Zhejiang Province. After screening through hypocrellin bacteriostatic effect and fermentation test, we got the isolate TX4 of bacterial elicitor and GZUIFR-TT1 of fungal elicitor which had certain effect to promote S. bambusicola to produce hypocrellin. The Plackett–Burman design was introduced to evaluate the effects of nine factors based on single-factor test. Yeast extract, glucose, and isolate GZUIFR-TT1 elicitor were found to be the critical activity factors for increasing the total hypocrellin production. So we identified the isolate GZUIFR-TT1 as Trametes sp. Through response surface methodology, we obtained the optimum production conditions as follows: yeast extract, 2.99 g/L; glucose, 32.45 g/L; and Trametes sp. elicitor, 81.40 μg/mL. Under the above conditions, the experimental value of hypocrellin production was 102.60 mg/L, compared with the control it increased about 7.90 times. 相似文献
15.
Wang L Zhao B Li F Xu K Ma C Tao F Li Q Xu P 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2011,89(4):1009-1017
Highly efficient d-lactate production by Sporolactobacillus sp. strain CASD was demonstrated in this study. Peanut meal was found to be a better nutrient than yeast extract, soybean
meal, soybean peptone, corn steep, liquor beef extract, and ammonium sulfate in the production of d-lactate. To improve the utilization of peanut meal, the material was enzymatically hydrolyzed and simultaneously utilized
as the nitrogen source in d-lactate fermentation. Very high d-lactate production (207 g/L) was obtained using 40 g/L of peanut meal in 30-L fed-batch fermentation, with the average productivity
of 3.8 g/(L·h) and optical purity of 99.3%. The production of such a high concentration of optically pure d-lactate by strain CASD, with the simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis of peanut meal and fermentation, represents a new cost-efficient
and integrated method for d-lactate production using agricultural by-products. 相似文献
16.
Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids production by and okara-utilizing potential of thraustochytrids 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
K W Fan F Chen E BG Jones L LP Vrijmoed 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2001,27(4):199-202
Nine thraustochytrid strains isolated from subtropical mangroves were screened for their eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic
acid (DHA) production potential in a glucose yeast extract medium. Their ability to utilize okara (soymilk residue) for growth
and EPA and DHA production was also evaluated. EPA yield was low in most strains, while DHA level was high on glucose yeast
extract medium, producing 28.1–41.1% of total fatty acids, for all strains, with the exception of Ulkenia sp. KF13. The DHA yield of Schizochytrium mangrovei strains ranged from 747.7 to 2778.9 mg/l after 52 h of fermentation at 25°C. All strains utilized okara as a substrate for
growth, but DHA yield was lower when compared with fermentation in a glucose yeast extract medium. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2001) 27, 199–202.
Received 11 December 2000/ Accepted in revised form 29 June 2001 相似文献
17.
Mahtab Jafarzade Nur Ain Yahya Fatemeh Shayesteh Gires Usup Asmat Ahmad 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2013,51(3):373-379
This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of culture conditions and medium components on production of antibacterial compounds by Serratia sp. WPRA3 (JX020764) which was isolated from marine water of Port Dickson, Malaysia. Biochemical, morphological, and molecular characteristics suggested that the isolate is a new candidate of the Serratia sp. The isolate showed strong antimicrobial activity against fungi, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. This bacterium exhibited optimum antibacterial compounds production at 28°C, pH 7 and 200 rev/min aeration during 72 h of incubation period. Highest antibacterial activity was obtained when sodium chloride (2%), yeast extract (0.5%), and glucose concentration (0.75%) were used as salt, nitrogen, and carbon sources respectively. Different active fractions were obtained by Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Flash Column Chromatography (FCC) from ethyl acetate crude extracts namely OCE and RCE in different culture conditions, OCE (pH 5, 200 rev/min) and RCE (pH 7/without aeration). In conclusion, the results suggested different culture conditions have a significant impact on the types of secondary metabolites produced by the bacterium. 相似文献
18.
The yeast Pseudozyma fusiformata(Ustilaginales) produces an extracellular low-molecular-weight protease-resistant thermostable fungicide, which is active against more than 80% of the 280 yeast and yeast-like species tested under acidic conditions. The fungicide, extracted with methanol and purified by column and thin-layer chromatography, was found to consist of glucose and saturated fatty acids. 相似文献
19.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(12):3158-3166
Secretion of recombinant proteins aims to reproduce the correct posttranslational modifications of the expressed protein while simplifying its recovery. In this study, secretion signal sequences from an abundantly secreted 34-kDa protein (P34) from Pseudozyma flocculosa were cloned. The efficiency of these sequences in the secretion of recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) was investigated in two Pseudozyma species and compared with other secretion signal sequences, from S. cerevisiae and Pseudozyma spp. The results indicate that various secretion signal sequences were functional and that the P34 signal peptide was the most effective secretion signal sequence in both P. flocculosa and P. antarctica. The cells correctly processed the secretion signal sequences, including P34 signal peptide, and mature GFP was recovered from the culture medium. This is the first report of functional secretion signal sequences in P. flocculosa. These sequences can be used to test the secretion of other recombinant proteins and for studying the secretion pathway in P. flocculosa and P. antarctica. 相似文献
20.
Hideo Tsujimura Masamitsu Takaya Kenji Katano Nobuya Matsumoto Yong Soo Park Mitsuyasu Okabe 《Biotechnology letters》1994,16(6):575-580
Summary Carbon and nitrogen sources were investigated for improving peroxidase production by Arthromyces ramosus, a hyperproducer of peroxidase. Glucose as carbon source and a mixture of yeast extract and polypeptone at the ratio of 3 to 5 as nitrogen source in a production medium were shown to give the highest peroxidase activity. During the culture amino acids such as alanine, arginine, methionine, leucine, tyrosine and tryptophan were depleted. Therefore, glucose supplemented nitrogen source fed-batch culture was carried out and a peroxidase activity of 73 U/ml was obtained. This activity was 1.7 times higher than that of glucose fed-batch culture. This indicates that an adequate nitrogen source supply during the culture is effective for improving the peroxidase production by A. ramosus. 相似文献