福建畲族的红细胞血型分布The Distribution of Red Cell Blood Group Systems of Shezu in Fujian Province

本文报道了父母双方上溯三代均为畲族的123名健康人的9个红细胞血型系统的分布。其表型分布如下：ABO血型系统：A型34人,B型26人,O型57人,AB型6人。MNSs血型系统：MNSs型5人,MMSs型5人,NNSs型1人, MMss型32人,MNss型62人,NNss型18人。未发现SS型。Rh血型系统：CCDee型44人,CcDee型9人,CCDEe型5人, CcDEe型55人,ccDEe型2人,ccDEE型8人,未发现ccDee、CCDEE型及CcDEE型。Duffy血型系统：Fy(a+b-)型115人,Fy(a+b+)型8人,未发现Fy(a-b+)及Fy(a-b-)型。 Kidd血型系统：Jk(a+b-)型49人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a-b+)型31人,未发现Jk (a-b-)型。Lutheran血型系统: Lu(a-b+) 型123人,未发现Lu(a+b-)及Lu(a+b+)型。Diego血型系统：Di(a+)型13人,Di(a-)型110人。P血型系统：P1(+)型38人,P1(-)型85人。Lewis血型系统：Le(a+b-)型16人,Le(a+b+)型9人,Le(a-b+)型91人,Le(a-b-)型7人。     

福建畲族的红细胞血型分布

本文报道了父母双方上溯三代均为畲族的123名健康人的9个红细胞血型系统的分布．其表型分布如下：ABO血型系统：A型34人,B型26人,O型57人,AB型6人．MNSs血型系统：MNSs型5人,MMSs型5人,NNSs型1入,MMss型32人,MNss型62人,NNss型18人．未发现SS型．Rh血型系统：CCDee型44人,CcDee型9人,CCDEe型5人CcDEe型55人,ccDEe型2人,ccDEE型8人,未发现ccDee、CCDEE型及CcDEE型．Duffy血型系统：Fy（a＋b-）型115人,Fy（a＋b-）型8人,未发现Fy（a-b＋）及Fy（a－B－）型．Kidd血型系统：Jk（a＋b－）型49人,Jk（a＋b＋）型43人,Jk（a－b＋）型31人,未发现Jk（a－b－）型．Luthcran血型系统：Lu（a－b＋）型123人,未发现Lu（a＋b－）及Lu（a＋b＋）型．Diego血型系统：Di（a＋）型13人,Di（a－）型110人．P血型系统：Pl（＋）型38人,Pl（－）型85人．Lewis血型系统：Le（a＋b－）型16人,Le（a＋b＋）型9人,Le（a－b＋）型91人,Le（a－b－）型7人．     

国内首次发现两例JK(a—b—)及其在不同人种中的分布

在河南汉族中发现了国内首例稀有的JK(a-b-)红细胞血型。家系调查未发现第二例。先证者父母及同胞均为Jk(a+b-)型,丈夫及儿子均为Jk(a-b+)型。四个月后在广东梅县客家人中又发现一例JK(a-b-)型,先证者为一未婚女子。两位先证者血清中均无抗体。到目前为止,JK(a-b-)型在中国人群中的分布频率为2/6391(0.03％)Jk基因频率为0.0202。     

客家人的红细胞血型分布

对父母双方上溯三代均为客家人的广东梅县200名 (其中男89人,女111人) 健康学生进行了红细胞血型ABO,MNSs,Rh,Kidd,Duffy,Diego,Xg,Lewis及P等系统的分布调查。结果显示,客家人的基因频率S=0.0250,NS=0,pl=0.0917和Fyb=0.0300,都是汉族人群中最低的。其它基因频率为r=0.6632,p=0.1863,q=0.1505;m=0.5250,n=0.4750,MS=0.0250,Ms=0.5000,Ns=0.4750,s=0.9750;C=0.6575,D=1.0000,E=0.1515,CDe=0.6226,cDE=0.1200,cDe=0.2189,CDE=0.0389;JKa=0.4642,JKb=0.4881,JK=0.0477;Fya=0.9700;Dia=0.0202,Dib=0.9798;Xga=0.3633,Xg=0.6367;P2=0.9083。发现了国内第二例Jk(a-b-)表型,未发现MNS型,NS型,NSs型,CCDEE型,CcDEE型,Fy(a-)型和Rho(-)型。Le(a+b-)型29人,Le(a+b+)型2人,Le(a-b+)型67人,Le(a-b-)型102人。客家人与国内19个群体的遗传距离计算结果表明,与客家人遗传距离最近的是福建汉族、湖南苗族、贵州汉族及广西侗族,其次为河南汉族、黑龙江汉族、陕西汉族,福建畲族及上海汉族,而与云南白族、辽宁满族、甘肃汉族、广西瑶族、广西壮族、内蒙汉族及四川彝族的遗传距离较远。与客家人遗传距离最远的是湖南土家族、海南苗族及海南黎族。     

红细胞血型十九种抗原在黑龙江汉族人群中的分布

对哈尔滨地区152名无血缘关系、三代均为黑龙江省人的八个红细胞血型系统的十九个抗原进行了分型,结果表明：ABO系统中B型较多,占32．24％;Rh系统中CCDE-型人数最多,占32．24％;MN系统中M型（30．26％）多于N型（25．00％）;Lewis系统中Le(a ）比例（14．48％）略低;Duffy系统中未发现Fy(a-b-)型;Kidd系统中Jk(a )型高达72．37％;Dicgo系统中Di(a )型频率（3．29％）和P系统中P1型频率（ 31．58％）均低于国内其他地区汉族。     

福建汉族8个红细胞血型系统的分布

对福建汉族人群红细胞血型系统的19个抗原进行了调查。各系统的调查人数与基因频率为:ABO:216人,p=0.1936、q=0.1766,r=0.6298;Lewis:214人,Le(a+)17人,表现型频率=7.94％;P:215人,n=0.1427;Diego:215人,Di(?)=0.2830;MNSs:用抗M、抗N血清调查了324人,对其中150人又用S和s抗血清进行了调查,m=0.5695、n=0.4305、单倍型频率MS=0.0200、NS=0.0139,Ms=0.5500、Ns=0.4161;Dhffy:214人,发现Fy(a-)3例;Fy(?)=0.8817;Kidd:215人,未发现JK(a-b=)型,JK(?)=0.4767;Rh:214人,发现1例CCdee型,d=0.0686,单倍型频率r(?)=0.0686、R~1=0.6352、R~2=0.1970、R~0=0.0605、R~2=0.0388。     

Mini-review to analyse the phenotype, genotype, and alloantibody titre against Diego antigens in the Chinese population

Diego blood antigens are important antigens in Mongoloid people and native South Americans owing to the Dia positivity rate found in these populations. However, the prevalence of Di^a+ is different among native populations of America and China. Our study reviewed the genotype, phenotype, and alloantibody titre of Diego blood group antigens to explain the existence of the dosage effect for Diego antigens. The prevalence of Di^a+ varied from 2.26% to 10.43% in the Chinese population was lower than that observed in Native Americans living in USA, Brazil, and Venezuela. The Di(a+b-)/Di(a+b+) ratio in the Chinese was 0.0044~0.0268, which was also lower than that observed in native Americans at 0.0203–0.1628, indicating that the major allele was Di(a+b+) in Di^a+Chinese or Asians. We also collected Di(a+b-), Di(a+b+), and Di(a-b+) samples from Chinese samples to examine the agglutinin titres with anti-Di^a and anti-Di^b and the results supported the existence of the dosage effect for Diego antigens. The agglutinin titres of anti-Di^a in Di(a+b+) specimens were lower than those in Di(a+b-) specimens, and agglutinin titres of anti-Di^b in Di(a+b+) specimens were lower than those in Di(a-b+) specimens. Alloantibodies against Di^a and Di^b antigen are majorly responsible for haemolytic disease of the new-born and anti-Di^a reactions resulting in stillborn foetus and transfusion reactions, such as fever and rash,were also reported in the Chinese population.     

湘西土家族、苗族红细胞血型的分布

对湖南吉首市的中学生进行了红细胞备型分布调查。土家族200人的各表型人数是：O 57,A 74,B 45,AB 24;M 75,MN 88,N 37;CCDee 84,CCDE 26,DcDee 26,CcDE 47,ccDee 1,ccDE 14,Ccdee 1,CcdE 1;P1(+)103,P1(-)97。苗族202人的各表型人数是：O 74,A 65,B 54,AB 9;M 75,MN 101,N 26;CCDee 78,CCDE 2,CcDee 42,CcDe 58,ccDee 2,ccDE 20;P1(+)65,P1(-)138;Fy(a+b-)199。Fy(a+b+)1,Fy(a-b+)2。 The distribution of several red cell blood group systems was studied in Tujia and Miao ethnic groups in Jishou City,Hunan Province.The phenotype distribution of 200 unrelated Tujias was:O 57,A 74,B 45,AB 24;M 75,MN 88,N 37;CCDee 84,CCDE 26,DcDee 26,CcDE 47,ccDee 1,ccDE 14,Ccdee 1,CcdE1;P1(+)103,P1(-)97。     

华北汉族Kell、Kidd、Diego、Duffy、Lutheran和Xg血型系统的分布

用抗-K、-Di~a、-Jk~a、-Lu~a、-Fy~a、-Fy~b和-Xg~a等8种血清在北京检查了原籍华北的汉族,所得结果如下:Kell系统:在290人中仅发现1人对抗-K血清呈阳性反应,K基因频率为0.0017。Dtego系统:在290人中对抗-Di~a血清呈阳性反应者有32人,Di~a基因频率为0.0567。Kidd系统:在290人中对抗-Jk~a血清呈阳性反应者167人,Jk~a基因频率为0.3487。Lutheran系统:同时用抗-Lu~a及抗-Lu~b血清检查,发现290人中2人是Lu(a b ),288人是Lu(a-b ),基因频率Lu~a=0.0035,Lu~b=0.9965。Duffy系统:同时用抗-Fy~a和抗-Fy~b血清检查了2夕‘人,其中厂,,(a 石一)206人,如(a一石 )xZ人,如(a b )56人,Fy扣一 b一)2人,基因频率Fy口~。.,748,斤”一。.1斗。3,场(未用抗一脚今血清检查,不知是约还是 Fy~4和抗0.0849。X忍系统:分别检查了男性l乃人、女性115人。对抗一X犷血清呈阳性反应者 男65人,女54人,基因频率无Xga=0.3273。     

贵州汉族八个红细胞血型系统的分布

本文调查了贵州汉族八个红细胞血型系统的分布。结果表明P_1基因频率(0.1520)和Di~a。基因频率(0.0182)较低。其它系统的基因频率为P=0.2171、q=0.1858、r=0.5969、m=0.5400、n=0.4600、S=0.0478、s=0.9522、Jk~a=0.4633、Jk~b=0.5367、Fy~a=0.9367、Fy~b=0.0633。MNSs血型系统单倍型频率为MS=0.0301、NS=0.0177、Ms=0.5099、Ns=0.4423。Rh血型系统单倍型频率为R~1=0.5766、R~2=0.2508、R~0=0.0511、R~z=0.0421、r~’=0.0794。未发现MMSS、MNSS及Fy(a-)表现型。     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.