从噬菌体表面展示肽库中筛选志贺毒素受体结合抑制剂

利用抗体捕获法 ,从表面展示随机肽序列的噬菌体文库中筛选到与志贺毒素B亚基 (StxB)结合 ,并能抑制志贺毒素细胞毒效应的噬菌体克隆 ;依据其中 1个克隆序列 (A12 )合成的肽可以与志贺毒素的受体Gb3竞争结合StxB ,并抑制志贺毒素(Stx)的细胞毒和肠毒活性 ;抑制 5×CD₅₀ 剂量的Stx细胞毒效应需 2 2 .7μmol的A12合成肽 .筛选得到的 2个噬菌体克隆 (A3 ,A12 )编码的氨基酸序列不同 ,但能竞争结合StxB ,推测它们形成相同或相似的空间结构 .为志贺毒素抑制剂进一步研究打下基础 ,对其他相关药物的研制亦有参考价值 .     

从噬菌体表面展示肽库中筛选衣原体单克隆抗体识别的抗原表位

利用抗体捕获法,经三轮淘洗,从表面展示随机肽序列的噬菌体文库中筛选到与衣原体单克隆抗体C17特异结合的噬菌体克隆,其一致序列为：（L／I）PGGS（P／W）,竞争抑制实验表明含特异序列的克隆能与天然抗原竞争。据此,我们认为此序列为衣原体的B细胞抗原表位。     

从噬菌体展示肽库中筛选脂质A的结合肽

以脂质A为靶标,筛选噬菌体展示十二肽库,三轮后随机挑取14个噬菌体克隆进行结合活性鉴定,并对5个克隆进行序列分析。结果表明,14个克隆全部是阳性克隆,测序结果显示4个阳性克隆的序列完全一样。说明筛选到了一个脂质A的结合多肽。     

从七肽噬菌体展示库中筛选内毒素结合蛋白质配基

目的:研究从噬茵体展示库中筛选内毒素结合蛋白质配基,为其在内毒素致病作用机理及在内毒素血症防治研究中的应用奠定基础.方法:以内毒素为靶分子从随机七肽噬菌体展示库中筛选内毒素的高亲和力噬菌体配体,通过ELISA鉴定,DNA测序及相关软件分析.结果:所筛选的亲和力最高的噬菌体的ELISA检测值A405nm可达1.965通过比较亲和性噬菌体外源插入肽的DNA序列,认为FHENWPS肽段中包含有与内毒素分子发生亲和结合的一个共有序列.该序列展示肽的等电点为5.36,具有双嗜性,这有利于肽与LPS分子表面的位点相互作用从而产生亲和吸附.结论:运用亲和筛选方法从肽库中筛选内毒素结合蛋白质配基是可行的.     

利用大肠杆菌鞭毛展示的随机肽库筛选TNF—α拮抗须

TNF－α是一种在机体抗感染,抗肿瘤过程中发挥重要作用的细胞因子,其对机体具有保护和损伤两方面的作用,为了探讨新的抑制TNF－α所致炎症损伤等反应的手段,构建了细菌鞭毛递呈的随机肽库,利用构建得到的肽库,进行TNF－α特异性结合肽的筛选工作。经过5轮筛选及DNA测序,共得到6条小肽编码序列。其中2条序列中含有－V－－N－WG的相同序列框架。进行6条序列与TNF－α结合力的确证后,选择了其中的4条肽序列进行人工化学合成,纯化及鉴定。利用L929细胞及MTT法对4条小肽进行活性测定,检测其对TNF－α的抑制活性。结果表明,在TNF－α对L929细胞毒性为30％左右,含同源序列框架的2条肽可抑制90％左右的TNF－α活性。     

噬菌体展示文库的筛选技术

噬菌体展示技术(PhageDisplayTechniques,PDT)是一种用于筛选和改造功能性多肽的生物技术。该技术作为筛选与多种靶分子(如抗体、酶类、细胞表面受体等)具有特异性亲和力或活性的肽的一个有效方法,自问世以来,已取得了很大的发展,并被广泛地应用于基因治疗、基因疫苗研究、抗原表位研究、药物设计、研究细胞信号传导等领域[1]。但该技术在两方面仍需进一步完善:(1)寻求更为有效的表达载体;(2)进一步完善筛选方法。     

从噬菌体展示的构象限制性随机肽库中筛选有 trkB 结合活性的小肽

脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)能够促进多种神经元的存活和分化, 在神经退行性疾病的治疗中具有广阔的应用前景, 但由于其分子量大而无法穿过血脑屏障, 限制了其临床应用. 以表达于NIH 3T3细胞上的BDNF受体trkB为靶分子, 从噬菌体展示的随机肽库中筛选与trkB有亲和力的小肽, 采用不表达trkB 的NIH 3T3细胞预吸附和最后一轮筛选以1 μg/mL的BDNF竞争性洗脱策略, 使能与trkB天然构象结合、又能有效拮抗BDNF与trkB结合的特异性噬菌体得到了有效富集, 获得了5种trkB结合小肽, 它们有核心序列CRA/TXφXXφXXC(X代表随机残基, φ为T, L或I). 对展示有5种外源小肽的噬菌体进行了初步生物活性测定, 未发现有BDNF样活性, 反而能剂量依赖性地拮抗BDNF的生物功能. 依据其中一个克隆序列(C1)合成的肽也证实有拮抗BDNF的作用, 表明获得的5种小肽可能为trkB受体拮抗剂. 这些trkB拮抗性小肽在治疗神经母细胞瘤和慢性痛以及神经生物学研究中具有应用前景, 同时也为构建二级噬菌体展示肽库、继续筛选BDNF模拟小肽奠定了基础.     

从随机噬菌体肽库中筛选抗草鱼出血病病毒多肽的研究

从随机噬菌体九肽表位库中筛选出抑制草鱼出血病病毒（ＧｒａｓＣａｒｐＨｅｍｏｒｈａｇｅＶｉｒｕｓ,ＧＣＨＶ８７３）感染的多肽分子。采用完整、生物素化的草鱼出血病病毒颗粒作为受体,与以融合蛋白形式在丝状噬菌体ｆＵＳＥ５的外壳蛋白Ⅲ的Ｎ端表达的随机九肽库作用。经三轮体外亲和筛选（Ｂｉｏｐａｎｎｉｎｇ）及ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测后,从肽库中筛选出１６个与病毒高亲和力结合的噬菌体克隆,其中六个阳性克隆能有效地抑制病毒在ＣＩＫ细胞中的复制,并使病毒的半数组织培养感染剂量（ＴＣＩＤ５０）下降五个数量级。表明噬菌体肽库技术完全能够应用于抗病毒研究,为研制抗病毒短肽制剂打基础。     

金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素B的主要检测研究方法

金黄色葡萄球菌是自然界中一种普遍存在的菌株,其分泌产生的肠毒素是一组结构相关,毒力相近的单肽链毒性蛋白质,主要包括A、B、Cs、D、E等血清型,广泛存在于蛋白含量较高的物质中。本文着重总结了当前对于金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素的主要检测方法的研究进展,并对几种技术进行比较。     

Influence of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on the course of murine listeriosis

Abstract Confrontation of the immune system with bacterial superantigens leads to an initial activation of the immune system followed by a state of profound immunosuppression. To investigate the role of a superantigen in an acute infection with a facultatively intracellular bacterium, we have studied the effect of staphylococcal enterotoxin B on the course of murine listeriosis. Intraperitoneal injection of SEB led to a statistically significant growth restriction of Listeria monocytogenes in the organs of mice infected intravenously or intraperitoneally when treatment with SEB and infection with L. monocytogenes were given simultaneously or when the mice were treated two days before infection. No effect of SEB on murine listeriosis was found when SEB was given more than two days before infection or one or more days after infection. We conclude that initial immunostimulation by SEB which is indicated by a massive liberation of all interleukins measured (IL1α, IL6, TNFα, IL2, IFNγ, IL4) is responsible for the growth restriction of L. monocytogenes in the organs of treated mice. Apoptosis of Vβ8 positive T cells which was accompanied by a 30% reduction of these cells at day 7 after treatment seems to be totally compensated.     

In vivo induction of necrosis in mice fibrosarcoma via intravenous injection of type B staphylococcal enterotoxin

The bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent inducer of cytotoxic T-cell activity and cytokine production in vivo. We investigated the possibility of the therapeutic application of SEB in patients with fibrosarcoma. The anti-tumor effect of SEB in mice with inoculated fibrosarcoma (WEHI-164) was examined by intravenous (IV) and intratumoral (IT) injection and the sizes of the inoculated tumors, IFN-γ production, and CD4+/CD8+ T cell infiltration were determined. The inoculated tumors were also examined histologically. In the mice in the IV-injected group, a significant reduction (P < 0.02) of tumor size was observed in comparison with mice in the IT-injected and control groups. Furthermore, the mice in the IV-injected group showed significantly higher levels of IFN-γ (P < 0.009) and CD4+/CD8+ T cell infiltration when compared with the other groups (P < 0.02). A significantly higher frequency of necrosis in tumor tissues was also observed in mice in the IV-injected group (P < 0.05). Our present findings suggest that tumor cell death is caused by increased cytotoxic T-cell activity and cytokine levels in response to the IV injection of SEB and that SEB may be a good option for use as a novel therapy in patients with fibrosarcoma. An erratum to this article can be found at     

葡萄球菌B型肠毒素突变体SEB(Y89A,C93S,Y94A)对小鼠的免疫保护作用

目的:评价葡萄球菌B型肠毒素(SEB)突变体SEB(Y89A,C93S,Y94A)作为超抗原疫苗候选分子对小鼠的免疫保护作用。方法:制备具有一定纯度和活性的突变体蛋白SEB(Y89A,C93S,Y94A)样品,灭活后免疫BALB/c小鼠,待小鼠抗体水平上升后,再以野生型SEB(wt-SEB)攻击用D-半乳糖胺致敏的BALB/c小鼠,评价该突变体蛋白的免疫保护作用。结果:突变体蛋白SEB(Y89A,C93S,Y94A)在重组大肠杆菌DH5α中得到表达,主要以包涵体形式存在,经变性、复性、SephacrylS200凝胶过滤,制备成较高纯度(95%)的、具有与wt-SEB相同抗原性的突变体蛋白样品,甲醛灭活后免疫BALB/c小鼠至4周,ELISA法测定小鼠抗体效价水平可达106;进而以wt-SEB攻毒,在达8倍LD50的攻击下,阴性对照小鼠在24h内全部死亡,而SEB(Y89A,C93S,Y94A)组与wt-SEB组小鼠至48h仍有存活。结论:突变体蛋白的保护效果与wt-SEB相类似,有望成为SEB减毒疫苗候选分子。     

Comprehensive analysis of the functional TCR repertoire at the single-cell level

A Vβ TCR repertoire is analyzed for understanding the T-cell population in the immune response. However, the TCR repertoire of the Vα-Vβ pair is difficult to analyze because no suitable analytical method is available. Here, we have applied the single-cell 5′-RACE method for amplifying TCR cDNAs from single T-cells and analyzed the repertoire of Vα-Vβ pairs in human T-cells that responded to a superantigen, SEB. We found that the TCR Vβ profile of the SEB-stimulated CD4⁺ T-cells was in accordance with the previous reports, that the TCR Vα profile also exhibited a prominent difference, and that the TCR Vα-Vβ pairs of the SEB-responding T-cells were promiscuous. We have also found a significant dual TCRα expression in single T-cells. This is the first report of a comprehensive analysis of the functional repertoire of Vα-Vβ pairs at the single T-cell level. This novel method may contribute to TCR-based immunotherapeutics.     

应用ELISA和ELFA定量检测牛奶中葡萄球菌肠毒素A方法的建立

探讨了Tecra SEs SET(ELISA法)和Vidas SET2(ELFA法)两种葡萄球菌肠毒素定性检测试剂盒用于定量检测牛奶中葡萄球菌肠毒素A(SEA)的可行性。根据GB/T27404-2008《实验室质量控制规范食品理化检测》的要求,对两种方法应用于定量检测时的检出限、校正曲线范围、相关系数和加标回收率指标进行了分析比较。实验结果显示,Tecra SEs SET对牛奶中SEA的检出限为0.79 ng/mL,校正曲线范围为0.79~10 ng/mL,相关系数r=0.997,SEA加标浓度为0.80、2.5和10 ng/mL时的回收率分别为110%、81%和100%。Vidas SET2的检出限为0.09 ng/mL,校正曲线范围为0.09~1.0 ng/mL,相关系数r=0.998,SEA加标浓度为0.1、0.25和1.0 ng/mL时的回收率分别为90%、95%和104%。上述结果结合对阳性样品的检测表明:这两种定性检测试剂盒能满足牛奶中SEA定量检测的要求。