河北大学博物馆生物部鸟类标本的统计分析

河北大学博物馆现有鸟类标本257种,其中在中国分布的鸟类有250种,隶属于19目59科160属;属国家重点保护的鸟类共58种;被列入<中国濒危动物红皮书的鸟类有35种;被列入中日候鸟协定的鸟类89种;被列入中澳候鸟协定的鸟类24种.属于<国家保护的有益的或者有重要经济、科学研究价值的陆生野生动物名录的鸟类166种.同时介绍了馆藏鸟类标本的主要来源.     

中国珍稀濒危雉类研究现状和前景

据Delacour(1951)全世界共有雉类16属48种,我国就有12属(占全世界总属数75%)、26种(占55%)。我国雉资源居世界第一位。 (一)雉类现状令人忧虑据《野生动物保护法》附录中的国家重点保护野生动物名录,已列入保护名录的雉科鸟类有25种,占我国雉科鸟类总种数96.2%,其中属于国家一级保护动物有14种,占53.8%,二级保护动物有11种占,42.3%;世界鸟类“红皮书”(1982)上列举世界濒危雉类14种中,中国有九种,占全世界濒危总种数64.3%。上述数字表明我国雉类中的大多数已处于濒危状态,急待保护。雉类数量日趋下降的主要原因有:①森林是雉类赖以生存的主要条件,是栖息、繁衍生息的场所。如我国极为珍贵的一级保护动物绿孔雀、     

四川长沙贡玛自然保护区的鸟类资源

2005年7月～2006年8月,对四川长沙贡玛自然保护区的鸟类调查结果显示,保护区有鸟类155种,分属于15目37科.以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,占总数的80.63%.从繁殖鸟的区系上看,有东洋界成分37种,古北界成份64种,广布种23种,分别占繁殖鸟总数的29.83%、51.61%和19.56%.保护区有国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类10种,Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类21种,我国特有种11种.列入<中国濒危动物红皮书>的有19种,列入CITES(2003)名录的有21种,列入IUCN(2004)名录的有7种.鸟类栖息地受到沙化和过度放牧的威胁,亟待保护.     

广西金钟山鸟类保护区鸟类多样性初步研究

本文共记录到金钟山鸟类274种,分别隶属于18目57科,其中陆生鸟类251种,水鸟23种;以留鸟为主,共157种;候鸟、旅鸟分别为104种、13种;东洋种为优势类群,共有171种,古北种和广布种分别为4种、27种。这些鸟类中有国家重点保护鸟类39种,中国特有种鸟类3种,列入世界自然保护联盟红皮书名录中的鸟类5种,列入中国濒危动物红皮书名录中的鸟类20种,列入CITES附录中的鸟类34种。本文还对金钟山鸟类保护区的5种不同生境类型的鸟类种类组成作了比较,结果表明灌丛＋农田的鸟种多样性指数最高,为3．04;水域的鸟种多样性指数最低,为2．14。     

湖北鸟类种数的新统计

本文将有关湖北鸟类的研究和调查等资料进行全面系统地收集、整理,以《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》(第二版)为基础,统计出湖北省现有鸟类521种,占我国鸟类1371种的38％.属于19目76科226属.其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类12种,Ⅱ级保护鸟类76种,列入“三有”名录的有323种,我国特有种l7种.     

甘肃蝴蝶名录

基于近几年的野外工作,结合前人对甘肃省蝶类的研究,对甘肃省蝴蝶名录进行了整理,并对各分类阶元进行了统计。截至2013年,甘肃省共记录蝶类12科210属614种,科、属、种的数量分别占中国总数量的100%、57.22%和28.52%。按照中国动物地理区划,古北种285种,东洋种233种,广布种95种。甘肃省境内分布有各类珍稀濒危蝶类37种,其中国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物2种(凤蝶科的三尾凤蝶和绢蝶科的阿波罗绢蝶),列入《国家保护的有益的或者有重要经济、科学研究价值的野生动物名录》的有11属33种,列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》的有4种,列入《世界濒危物种红色名录》的有5种。     

澳门鸟类资源调查报告

1989～2009年在澳门山林和沿海滩涂湿地对鸟类进行了调查和记录,共记录鸟类297种,加上文献中记录的3种,整理出澳门鸟类名录共300种,隶属17目56科.其中非雀形目有30科160种,占澳门鸟类总种数的53.33%;雀形目有26科140种,占澳门鸟类种数46.67%.就数量来看,澳门鸟类中的优势种有9种,常见种44种,偶见种96种,稀有种则有151种.白腹海雕Haliaeetus leucogaster属于国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生鸟类.属于国家Ⅱ级重点保护的鸟类有33种.澳门鸟类属于<濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约,2007>公约附录Ⅰ的有游隼Falco peregrinus peregrinus、小青脚鹬Tringa guttifer和小杓鹬Numenius minutus 3种,属于公约附录Ⅱ的有29种.勺嘴鹬Eurynorhynchus pygmeus被世界自然保护联盟(2009)列入极危(CR)鸟类,黑脸琵鹭Platalea minor和小青脚鹬被列入濒危(EN)鸟类.易危(VU)鸟类有4种,近危(NT)鸟类有5种.本文成果可为今后长期监测和保护澳门鸟类资源提供依据.     

浙江七星列岛省级海洋特别保护区鸟类多样性

2012年11月—2013年9月对浙江沿海七星列岛省级海洋特别保护区的鸟类资源进行了调查,共记录到鸟类42种,隶属于6目17科28属,其中留鸟8种,占19.05%,夏候鸟10种,占23.81%,冬候鸟21种,占50.00%,旅鸟3种,占7.14%;从区系特征上看东洋种和古北种混杂分布,以东洋种为主;国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物3种,浙江省重点保护动物5种;列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约附录Ⅰ1种和附录Ⅱ2种;列入《中国物种红色名录》濒危种类1种,易危种类1种,近危种类2种;中日候鸟保护协定种类21种,中澳候鸟保护协定种类6种。七星列岛地处太平洋西海岸,是迁飞候鸟的中间停歇站,具有非常重要的保护价值。     

湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查

2002年6～9月对湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区的两栖、爬行动物资源进行了调查,结合文献资料,该保护区现已知有两栖、爬行动物80种,其中两栖动物38种,隶属2目9科22属;爬行动物42种,隶属2目11科31属.国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物大鲵Andrias davidianus、虎纹蛙Hoplobatrachus rugulosus 2种;湖北省重点保护动物35种,占湖北省重点保护两栖爬行动物的75%.被列入<中国濒危动物红皮书>的两栖、爬行动物有21种(极危物种1种,濒危物种6种,易危物种11种,依赖保护物种1种,需予关注物种2种).对两栖爬行动物的种类组成和区系进行了分析,并提出了保护措施.     

陕西秦岭及大巴山地区的鸟类资源调查

近20多年的野外调查发现,陕西秦岭及大巴山地区的鸟类资源丰富,分布有475种鸟类,多为留鸟、夏候鸟和旅鸟。它们中有中国特有鸟类34种,国家Ⅰ级重点保护的鸟类9种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护的鸟类55种,还有28种鸟类被列入中国濒危动物红皮书及11种被列入世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录中。目前因分布在自然保护区内而受到保护的鸟类有390种,占总种数的82.1%。保护区的存在有利于保护秦岭及大巴山地区的鸟类资源。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.