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:随着人们对天然、绿色、安全性化妆品的日益需求,天然香料在化妆品中也随之被广泛应用。天然香料主要分为植物性天然香料和动物性天然香料。本文主要介绍了天然香料的定义及其分类,天然香料在化妆品中的应用以及国内外可用于化妆品的天然香料工业发展等,并且根据天然香料在化妆品中应用存在的问题,提出几点建议。其中,在对天然香料的定义和分类中,除了明确天然香料的定义外,还根据其中含有的不同类型和功效的成分,分为天然香料中的芳香成分、药用成分、营养成分和其他成分。天然香料在化妆品中的应用,主要介绍目前市场上应用最广泛的动物类天然香料以及花类、叶类和果实类等植物性天然香料。此外,从三方面对天然香料在化妆品中的应用提出建议,主要为新资源综合利用及开发,改进技术并提高天然香料产量和质量,开发治疗性、保健性天然化妆品等。 相似文献
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天然香料开发利用前景 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国拥有丰富的天然香料资源,植物香料产量是世界上最高的国家之一,天然香料产品约两万余吨。据初步统计含芳香油的植物有62科500余品种,现已利用的近200种,急待开发利用的约100种。人工栽培的香料植物逐年增加,目前,香料基地有20多个,面积约70万亩。已形成产品的40余种。其中,有的桂油、茴油、山苍子油等在国际市场上享有盛名,大量出口 相似文献
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《中国野生植物资源》1986,(3)
近年来,美国有一种趋势:在制作食用香料时,加入愈来愈多的天然香料成分,原因是商标法的颁布。该法规定,在产品中只有全部使用香精油、浓缩汁、抽提物和天然香味化合物时,才能在商标上写明“天然食用香料”。对天然香料的需求增加,使食用香料的研究人员去开发更多种类的天然香料。他们希望在不是常用的香料油中寻找常用的天然香味化合物。含 相似文献
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<正>香料香精是能够使食品、用品散发出香气香味的原料,分为合成香料和天然香料两大类。由于天然香料和合成香料的香气比较单调,多数不能单独直接用于加香产品中。为了满足人们对香气和香味的更 相似文献
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陈连官 《中国野生植物资源》1993,(3):28-30
据报导,龙蒿油(Estragon oil)在国外作为一种天然香料,深受欢迎,已被广泛应用于肉类调味品、酒类、糖果、烧烤食品、饮料等多种食品中。而我国龙蒿资源丰富,却至今尚未被开发利用,大量资源被白白浪费。为充分发挥资源优势,填补国内空白,丰富调香原料,增加经济效益,我所在苏北沿海一带香料资源调查中发现有大量的龙蒿野生,且分布 相似文献
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松科冷杉属植物体仙富含精油,冷杉精油是一种稀有而珍贵的天然香料。以冷杉精油为主,配合多种其它天然香料和单体香料,通过一系列试验,研制出集草香、果香、药香和抑攻作用于一体的多功能新型男女兼用香水,给人以自然的芳香气息。 相似文献
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一、我国香料生产概况香精香料与人们日常生活息息相关,是国民经济中不可缺少的组成部分。我国目前有香精香料厂100多家,其中有36家主要大厂的产量占全国产量的百分之八十。我国香精香料年总产量近4万吨,总产值为9亿元,利润近2亿元。其中,天然香料的年产量为1万吨左右。天然香料植物的种植基地有20多个,面积为70多万亩。我国生产利用的香料植物有200多种,但形成批量生产的天然香料品种只有30几种。其中,香茅油、柠檬油、薄荷油、柏木油、桉油、山苍子油系国际性配套品种,在国际市场上有一定的影响,为我国重要出口商品。我国的天然香料精油大部分是由供销社扶持生产、收购、加工、经营的,并将产品销往 相似文献
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Snyder J 《Bioethics》2012,26(5):251-258
Human subject trials of pharmaceuticals in low and middle income countries (LMICs) have been associated with the moral wrong of exploitation on two grounds. First, these trials may include a placebo control arm even when proven treatments for a condition are in use in other (usually wealthier) parts of the world. Second, the trial researchers or sponsors may fail to make a successful treatment developed through the trial available to either the trial participants or the host community following the trial. Many commentators have argued that a single form of exploitation takes place during human subject research in LMICs. These commentators do not, however, agree as to what kind of moral wrong exploitation is or when exploitation is morally impermissible. In this paper, I have two primary goals. First, I will argue for a taxonomy of exploitation that identifies three distinct forms of exploitation. While each of these forms of exploitation has its critics, I will argue that they can each be developed into plausible accounts of exploitation tied to different vulnerabilities and different forms of wrongdoing. Second, I will argue that each of these forms of exploitation can coexist in single situations, including human subject trials of pharmaceuticals. This lesson is important, since different forms of exploitation in a single relationship can influence, among other things, whether the relationship is morally permissible. 相似文献
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Before the beginning of its large scale exploitation by a European pharmaceutical company in 1972, the tree species Prunus africana was known in Cameroon only for traditional uses. The present exploitation may lead to its extinction on Mount Cameroon. This paper explains the destruction of P. africana within the current regulatory framework and recommends stricter compliance with the regulations, which would guarantee survival of this species in the wild. Field observations are also presented. 相似文献
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我国优质野生植物微孔草资源的研究与开发利用进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微孔草是青藏高原及其邻近高海拔地区特有的野生珍贵优质油料植物资源,是获取纯天然多功能油脂成分--γ-亚麻酸(GLA)的一条新途径.微孔草油具有很高的药用、保健和营养价值,其茎叶和块根等副产品具有食用和饲用等多种用途.目前,已成为开发利用研究的重点.为此,在多年考察和试验研究的基础上,综述近年来对微孔草开发利用价值、生物学特性和资源分布等方面的研究,为开发利用微孔草资源,推动西部经济发展提供理论依据和应用技术. 相似文献
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马齿苋科植物的潜在价值研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
马齿苋科植物以其极高的营养价值和药用价值近年来引起了人们的普遍关注。对其生物学特性、营养成分、药用价值、开发利用等方面的研究也相继开展。概括了马齿苋科植物的植物学特征、种属特性及其分布特点,并阐述了马齿苋科植物的开发利用现状及其存在的问题。进而对其前景进行展望,探讨了其潜在的研究价值。 相似文献
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Johnstone RA Bshary R 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2007,274(1629):3175-3181
Intraspecific cooperation and interspecific mutualism often feature an asymmetry in the scope for exploitation. We investigate the evolution of indirect reciprocity in an asymmetric game, loosely modelled on interactions between cleaner fishes and clients, in which 'actors' can choose to help or to exploit a 'recipient' that approaches them, while recipients can only choose whether or not to approach an actor (based on the observation of its behaviour towards others). We show that when actors vary in state over time, in a manner that influences the potential gains from exploitation, an equilibrium is possible at which recipients avoid actors whom they have observed exploiting others in the past, and actors help when the potential gains from exploitation are low but choose to exploit when the potential gains are high. In this context, helping is favoured not because it elicits reciprocal altruism ('help so that you may be helped'), but because it facilitates profitable exploitation ('help so that you may gain the opportunity to harm'). The cost of helping one recipient is thereby recouped through exploitation of another. Indirect reciprocity is thus possible even in asymmetric interactions in which one party cannot directly 'punish' exploitation or 'reward' helping by the other. 相似文献