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1.
以绘制人类基因单体型图为目标的国际Hapmap计划也接受尾声。 基于SNP信息的基因组药理学已经开始实际应用。 个性化医疗在现实医疗中正在生根发芽。 接着上回由东大医科研的中村祐辅教授继续进行讲解。[编者按]  相似文献   

2.
中国蝴蝶新种记述(Ⅰ)(鳞翅目)   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
记载采自湖南省的中国蝴蝶3新种,模式标本保存在湖南省东安县第一中学。  相似文献   

3.
中国蝴蝶新种记述(Ⅱ)(鳞翅目)   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
记载采自河南省、四川省和云南省的中国蝴蝶8新种,模式标本保藏在河南省科学院和河南师范大学生物系。  相似文献   

4.
朱妙章 《生理通讯》2005,24(2):52-53
在杂志和书刊上经常见到一些误用或不宜用的生理学术语,自然科学专业名词(包括医学名词)一律以全国自然科学名词审定委员会公布的名词为标准。考虑到有些专业名词多年来未审定,根据近年来科学出版社、高等教育出版社的图书编写要求,中华医学杂志和中国药理学报的投稿要求,  相似文献   

5.
病毒(二)     
病毒(二)李镇桐(江苏省新苏师范学校苏州215007)[续1994,29(11):8.]4病毒的增殖1925年帕克(F.Parker)和奈(R.N.Nye)在兔睾丸人工培养物中,培养出单纯疱疹病毒和痘病毒。以后人们分别用切碎的鸡胚组织、捣细的鸡肾悬浮...  相似文献   

6.
蛋白质的迅速、网罗式的分析所必须的质谱仪。通过离子化法和新型测定原理的开发、改良及其组合来获得蛋白质鉴定时所需信息使质谱仪得到迅速的普及。此讲由日本岛津制作所就其原理及蛋白质鉴定法进行阐述。[编者按]  相似文献   

7.
孟征  李颖 《生命世界》2007,(4):108-109
有花植物的化石在早白垩世地层中突然大量出现,但奇怪的是在此之前却似乎没有任何过渡性化石可以证实它们祖先的存在。因此,达尔文将花的起源称为“讨  相似文献   

8.
回忆录(续)   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
  相似文献   

9.
正Half a century ago,the first discovery of the Paleocene vertebrates at Dinghuawu,Xiaoshi,Huaining County opened a door for understanding the Paleocene vertebrate fauna in the Qianshan Basin,Anhui Province,China.Since 1970,colleagues from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP),Chinese Academy of Sciences have carried out a long term and continuous investigations to the Qianshan Paleocene,with  相似文献   

10.
病毒(一)     
病毒的化学成分,形态结构,增殖等特点,均显示出它是一种独特的生命形式。  相似文献   

11.
寄主植物对双斑恩蚜小蜂的发育、存活和繁殖的影响   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2  
邱宝利  任顺祥 《昆虫学报》2005,48(3):365-369
研究了茄子和扶桑两种不同寄主植物对烟粉虱寄生性天敌双斑恩蚜小蜂Encarsia bimaculata发育、存活和繁殖等特性的影响。在26±0.5℃的条件下,在扶桑上,双斑恩蚜小蜂卵至成虫的发育历期为13.6天,2龄幼虫至成虫的存活率为93.2%;而在茄子上双斑恩蚜小蜂卵至成虫的发育历期和2龄幼虫至成虫的存活率分别为12.1天和91.1%。扶桑上双斑恩蚜小蜂雌性成虫的平均寿命为8.0天,平均单雌产卵量为35.9粒;而在茄子上雌性成虫的平均寿命为6.6天,平均单雌产卵量为27.6粒。双斑恩蚜小蜂在扶桑和茄子植物上的种群内禀增长率分别为0.2081和0.892。两种不同寄主植物对双斑恩蚜小蜂在若虫发育历期和存活率、成虫寿命和平均产卵量以及内禀增长率等方面均存在着显著差异。研究结果表明,寄主植物对双斑恩蚜小蜂的发育、存活和繁殖有较大的影响。  相似文献   

12.
不同寄主植物对烟粉虱发育和繁殖的影响   总被引:21,自引:2,他引:19  
邱宝利  任顺祥  林莉  P.D. Musa 《生态学报》2003,23(6):1206-1211
研究了烟粉虱 B型 ( Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)在番茄、茄子、黄瓜和甘蓝上的发育、存活和繁殖情况。在 2 6± 1℃的条件下 ,烟粉虱从卵发育到成虫的存活率以在甘蓝上的最高 ,为 68.5 5 % ,黄瓜上的最低 ,为46.2 8% ;发育时间以在茄子上最短 ,为 1 7.5 d,黄瓜上最长 ,为 1 9.3d,差异显著 ;平均单雌产卵量以在甘蓝上最大 ,为 1 43粒 ,黄瓜上最小 ,为 98.2 5粒 ;成虫的寿命以在甘蓝上最长 ,平均为 2 5 .2 d,黄瓜上为 1 7.2 d;内禀增长率 rm以在茄子上的最大 ,为 0 .1 41 6,黄瓜上最小 ,为 0 .1 1 43。综合比较 4种不同寄主植物 ,茄子是烟粉虱种群生长发育和繁殖最适宜的寄主  相似文献   

13.
Abstract The development, survivorship and reproduction of Bemisia tabaci B biotype on eggplant at seven constant temperatures (17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 32 and 35°C) were studied. The developmental periods from egg to adult varied from 48.7 days at 17°C to 13.9 days at 29°C and the developmental threshold estimated for a generation by linear regression was 12.4°C. The optimum temperature for B. tabaci population growth was 26°C, both extremely low (< 17°C) and high temperature (> 32°C) delayed the development. Survivorships from egg to adult was 67.3% at 26°C, 27.6% and 29.0% at 35°C and 17°C respectively. The average longevity of females ranged from 39.6 days at 20°C to 12.8 days at 35°C. Oviposition per female varied from 164.8 eggs at 20°C to 78.5 eggs at 32°C. Both the longevity and oviposition of B. tabaci females at different temperatures were significantly different ( P < 0.05), and the intrinsic rate of natural increase ( r m) for B. tabaci at 29°C was the highest.  相似文献   

14.
林莉  任顺祥  邱宝利 《昆虫知识》2010,47(6):1145-1149
CV型烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)是园林观赏植物上的重要害虫。本文在室内(26±1)℃下比较了CV型烟粉虱在撒金变叶木(Codiaeum variegatun‘Aucubaefolium’)、美丽变叶木(C.variegatumnov.)和彩叶变叶木(C.variegaum‘Mons-florin’)3个变叶木品种上的发育和繁殖情况,结果表明在撒金变叶木上的发育历期最长,为32.8 d;在美丽变叶木和彩叶变叶木上分别为29.7 d和29.5 d,后两者差异不显著。彩叶变叶木上烟粉虱的世代存活率最高,达58.8%,其次为美丽变叶木为46.5%,在撒金变叶木上的存活率最低,为40.5%,三者间差异显著。CV型烟粉虱在撒金变叶木上的产卵前期最长,为0.8 d。烟粉虱成虫彩叶变叶木上的平均寿命最长,为14.9 d。CV型烟粉虱在3个品种上的平均单雌产卵56~81粒,相互间差异不显著。烟粉虱在撒金变叶木、美丽变叶木和彩叶变叶木3个品种上的rm分别为0.0397、0.0625和0.0860。综合比较,这3种变叶木均为CV型烟粉虱较合适的寄主。  相似文献   

15.
In China, Bemisia tabaci Q (commonly known as biotype Q) has rapidly displaced B (commonly known as biotype B) in the past 6 years. The mechanisms underlying such phenomenon have been studied extensively in recent years; however, we have not come to a definitive conclusion yet. In the present study, the differences in host suitability between B and Q whitefly adults to five host plants (cabbage, cotton, cucumber, poinsettia, and tomato) were evaluated based on their respective feeding behaviors using a direct-current electrical penetration graph (DC-EPG) system. Pair-wise comparisons of B. tabaci B and Q feeding on each of the five host plants clearly indicate that Q feeds better than B on tomato, cotton and poinsettia, while B feeds better than Q on cabbage and cucumber. The EPG parameters related to both phloem and non-phloem phases confirm that cabbage and cucumber are best suited to B, while tomato, cotton, and poinsettia are best suited to Q. Our present results support the contention that host suitability and adult feeding behavior contribute to the competitive displacement of biotype B by biotype Q. The discrepancy between field (previous studies) and laboratory results (this study), however, suggests that 1) whitefly displacement is apparently contributed by multiple factors; and 2) factor(s) other than the host plant suitability may play a vital role in dictating the whitefly biotypes in the field.  相似文献   

16.
寄主钾营养对烟粉虱发育、存活和寄主选择的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
为了探讨寄主钾营养对烟粉虱发育、存活和寄主选择的影响,设置了K0(0 mg/L)、K30(30 mg/L)、K60(60 mg/L)、K120(120 mg/L)和K240(240 mg/L)5种不同钾浓度,研究了烟粉虱在不同处理黄瓜上的发育历期、存活率、体形以及成虫的寄主选择。结果表明:在温度(26±1)℃,相对湿度80%±5%的条件下,取食不同钾营养水平黄瓜的烟粉虱在发育历期、存活率、体形上均有差异,其中在K240处理黄瓜上烟粉虱若虫发育最慢,从卵到成虫的时间最长,为21.4天,而在K60处理黄瓜上最快,为18.3天。在不同钾浓度处理寄主上从卵到成虫存活率以K30处理黄瓜上最高(84.7%),其次依次为K60(83.8%)、K120(76.2%)、K0(71.4%)和K240(64.8%)。在体形上以K30处理黄瓜上最大,K240处理黄瓜上最小。寄主选择性试验结果表明,在温室条件下,烟粉虱成虫喜欢在K60处理黄瓜上取食和产卵。这些结果提示在一定范围内可以通过调节寄主钾营养状况来调控烟粉虱种群。  相似文献   

17.
Abstract The ladybeetle, Delphastus catalinae (Horn), is one of the most commonly used predacious natural enemies being commercially reared for controlling whiteflies, including Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B (= B. argentifolii Bellows & Perring), on various ornamental and vegetable crops under greenhouse conditions. The development, survivorship, and fecundity of D. catalinae feeding on B. tabaci biotype B on collard plants were determined in the laboratory, and the age-specific life table parameters were analyzed based on the life history data. Developmental time was 4.0, 1.9, 1.1, 1.4, 5.2, and 5.3 days for eggs, first, second, third, fourth instars, and pupae, respectively, with an average of 18.9 days from oviposition to adult emergence for both sexes, 19.0 days for females, and 18.8 days for males. Adult longevities averaged 146.6 days for both sexes, 122.6 days for females, and 170.5 days for males. After an average 4.9 days preoviposition period, females laid a mean of 5.6 eggs per day over a 97.0-day period. Net reproductive rate ( R 0) and gross reproductive rate (ΣM mx ) were estimated by life table analysis at 276.8 and 325.1, respectively. Generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) were 35.6 and 4.8 days respectively, and the intrinsic rate of natural population increase ( rm ) was estimated at 0.158, or l = 1.171 for the finite rate of increase. The rm value of D. catalinae is similar to or higher than those of the whitefly feeding on most vegetable and ornamental crops, indicating that the ladybeetle is capable of regulating populations of B. tabaci biotype B and other whiteflies under greenhouse conditions.  相似文献   

18.
The effectiveness of inundative releases of the parasitoidEncarsia formosafor control ofBemisia argentifoliion poinsettia was determined in replicated experimental greenhouses. We evaluated two release rates ofE. formosa:a low release rate (1 wasp/plant/week, released in two greenhouses, in spring 1995) and a high release rate (3 wasps/plant/week, released in two greenhouses, in fall 1993), each over a 14-week growing season. Each release trial had one or two control greenhouses in whichB. argentifoliideveloped on poinsettia in the absence ofE. formosa.Life-tables were constructed forB. argentifoliiin the presence and absence ofE. formosaby using a photographic technique to follow cohorts of whiteflies on poinsettia leaves. Weekly population counts of the whitefly were also made. In the absence ofE. formosa,egg to adult survivorship ofB. argentifoliion poinsettia was 75–81%. At the low release rate, egg to survivorship ofB. argentifoliiwas 5% and parasitism was 13%. At the high release rate, egg to adult survivorship forB. argentifoliiwas 8% and parasitism was 23%. The net reproductive rates (R0) forB. argentifoliipopulations in the absence ofE. formosaranged from 18.01–26.12, indicating a rapidly increasing population. Net reproductive rates for whitefly populations subject to wasp releases were 1.54 for the low release rate greenhouses and 2.11 for the high release rate greenhouses, indicating substantially reducedB. argentifoliipopulation growth. The low release rate provided better control ofB. argentifoliithan the high release rate. This difference was attributed to higher levels of mortality of whiteflies at the low release rate in the first 5–6 weeks of the growing period. We suggest that mutual interference may also have affected observed levels of mortality and parasitism.  相似文献   

19.
We tested the effects among a purportedly sustainable water-soluble fertilizer, a conventional water-soluble fertilizer, an alternation of these, a controlled-release fertilizer, and a clear water control on the life-history traits of sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae; =Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring) biotype B reared on poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willdenow ex Klotzch). Free amino acids in petioles were measured to estimate plant nutrient assimilation and phloem nutritional quality for B. tabaci biotype B. The sustainable fertilizer produced plants with the highest concentration of amino acids. In contrast, fecundity of whiteflies was lowest in plants treated with the sustainable fertilizer and the water control. The relationship between total amino acids in phloem and survival was significantly quadratic, with the highest survival at intermediate levels. Fecundity, however, was negatively correlated with total amino acid content of the maternal host plant. Variation in total amino acid concentration in petioles of plants treated within fertilizer treatments makes it difficult to predict whether a particular fertilizer will produce plants with enough amino acids to deleteriously affect both survivorship and fecundity and yet yield a plant of good quality. Despite this limitation, we can conclude that the use of this sustainable fertilizer will not cause increases in whitefly populations relative to plants fertilized with water-soluble and slow-release fertilizers that deliver the same level of nitrogen to the plant.  相似文献   

20.
烟粉虱生物型对浅黄恩蚜小蜂寄主选择及个体发育的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为探讨寄生蜂在Q型烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci替代B型烟粉虱的过程中是否起作用,我们在实验室条件(温度27±1℃,光周期16L:8D,相对湿度RH 70%~80%)下,观察了浅黄恩蚜小蜂Encarsia sophia寄生B型和Q型烟粉虱若虫的行为,研究了浅黄恩蚜小蜂对B型和Q型烟粉虱若虫的选择性、烟粉虱生物型对浅...  相似文献   

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