首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens St(a)l是对水稻最具破坏性的害虫之一,OsLecRK1是水稻Bph3基因簇中对褐飞虱抗性贡献最大的基因.本文对RHTd(含Bph3)等材料进行了褐飞虱抗性评价,克隆并构建了OsLecRK1过量表达突变体水稻,利用该突变体分析了OsLecRK1基因对褐飞虱若虫存活率、若虫发育历期等生物学参数的影响.结果 表明,含Bph3基因水稻RHTd对褐飞虱的抗性明显地强于含Bph1基因水稻Mudgo和bph2基因水稻ASD7,RHTd水稻的褐飞虱受害指数仅为Mudgo和ASD7水稻的53.5%和24.1%.过量表达OsLecRK1基因能显著地增加水稻对褐飞虱的驱避性和抗生性,褐飞虱雌成虫偏好于在野生型水稻上产卵;突变体水稻上的褐飞虱若虫存活率显著地降低,仅为野生型水稻上若虫存活率的75.2% ~81.8%,且若虫发育历期显著地延长,羽化率和初羽化雌成虫体重均显著地降低;此外,褐飞虱在突变体水稻上取食分泌的蜜露量只有野生型上的40.3% ~ 60.9%,褐飞虱单雌产卵量只为野生型51% ~61.2%,卵孵化率只有野生型的52.2%~56.7%,均显著地减少.结果 表明,含Bph3基因水稻RHTd对褐飞虱的抗性明显地高于分别含Bph1、bph2的水稻Mudgo和ASD7;水稻Bph3基因座的OsLecRK1单个基因过量表达即可显著增加水稻对褐飞虱的抗性,OsLecRK1协同影响褐飞虱的多个生物学参数降低褐飞虱的适合度.  相似文献   

2.
【目的】监测我国与越南褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens St?l和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera Horvath生物型,为抗虫育种工作提供指导。【方法】应用群体集团检测法和蜜露量检测法研究了中国广西、云南、河南、湖南、重庆、贵州和越南河内、河静、顺化、胡志明市和九龙江田间褐飞虱和白背飞虱的致害特性和生物型组成结构。【结果】我国主要稻区(除云南思茅外)和越南中北部的田间褐飞虱以Ⅱ型的比例多,对含Bph1、bph2基因的鉴别品种表现为致害;云南思茅的田间褐飞虱以Ⅱ+Ⅱ型的比例多,对含Bph1、bph2和bph4基因的鉴别品种表现为致害或强致害;越南胡志明市、九龙江的田间褐飞虱以Ⅱ+Ⅱ型的比例多,对含Bph1、bph2、Bph3、bph4基因的鉴别品种主要表现为致害或强致害。我国白背飞虱以Ⅰ型比例较多;越南顺化和河内以Ⅱ型比例多;所有监测点白背飞虱的致害特性总体表现为对含Wph1、Wbph2基因的鉴别品种的致害能力较强,对Wbph3的致害能力表现不一,对含Wph5基因的鉴别品种表现为中等致害。【结论】抗虫育种选择抗源时,不要选含Bph1、bph2基因的水稻品种作为褐飞虱抗源,不要选含基因Wbph1或Wbph2的水稻品种作为白背飞虱抗源。  相似文献   

3.
抗褐飞虱水稻品种的培育及其抗性表现   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens(Stl)是危害水稻的主要虫害之一,发掘和利用新的抗褐飞虱基因培育抗性品种是目前防治褐飞虱最经济有效的方法之一。抗褐飞虱基因来自药用野生稻的抗虫品种B5,对褐飞虱生物型1和2具有高度抗性,B5携带的抗性基因Bph14被定位在第3染色体上。本研究以B5-10为抗源,以优良杂交稻亲本扬稻6号为受体亲本,通过复交和回交,利用与Bph14紧密连锁的分子标记MRG2329在后代中进行分子标记辅助选择,通过苗期分子标记检测和成株期农艺性状选择,最后育成恢复系R476和杂交组合广两优476。采用苗期群体鉴定技术对R476和广两优476的褐飞虱抗性进行了鉴定,R476和广两优476的抗性水平分别为中抗和中感。广两优476在稻飞虱发生较重的稻田进行试种示范,与对照品种扬两优6号和两优培九相比,广两优476对稻飞虱表现出明显的抗性。研究结果表明在育种过程中利用分子标记辅助选择Bph14基因是培育抗褐飞虱水稻品种的有效途径之一。  相似文献   

4.
稻飞虱是水稻生产最严重的害虫之一。野生稻拥有丰富的抗虫基因资源,导入系是鉴定和利用野生稻有利基因的有效途径。本研究通过对371份小粒野生稻导入系进行抗褐飞虱和白背飞虱接虫鉴定,分别筛选出了11份抗、72份中抗褐飞虱的材料和7份抗、45份中抗白背飞虱的材料,其中有5份材料兼抗褐飞虱和白背飞虱,这是从小粒野生稻中鉴定出抗白背飞虱材料的首次报道。通过对2份抗性导入系材料与感虫亲本杂交构建的F1和F2群体的抗虫鉴定和分析表明:K41对褐飞虱和白背飞虱的抗性受2对显性抗虫基因通过互补作用所控制;P114对褐飞虱和白背飞虱的抗性都是由1对主效的隐性基因控制。这些结果必将有利于小粒野生稻抗稻飞虱的基因定位和育种利用。  相似文献   

5.
我国褐飞虱若干地理种群致害性的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
褐飞虱致害性变异是水稻品种抗性利用的一个重要障碍,监测田间种群的致害性对水稻抗虫品种的培育和利用有重要意义。本文采用蜜露量法对采集自云南勐海、贵州遵义和旧州、广西南宁、湖南衡阳以及浙江富阳等6个褐飞虱田间种群对IR26(含Bph1)和IR42(含bph2)的致害性进行了研究,发现勐海种群对IR26、IR42均有较强的致害性,遵义、旧州、南宁和衡阳种群仅对IR26致害性较强,而对IR42相对较弱;富阳种群对IR26、IR42的致害能力均相对较弱。采用SSST法进一步比较了西南稻区云南勐海、贵州遵义和旧州褐飞虱种群对TN1、IR26、Mudgo、ASD7、IR36、IR42、IR56、Rathu Heenati、Ptb33和Babawee等10个水稻品种的致害性,结果表明:勐海种群的致害性最强,主要体现在对Rathu Heenati、IR56、Ptb33等含Bph3基因的致害性显著强于旧州种群和遵义种群;后两者间,除旧州种群对IR36致害性显著较强外,对其他品种的致害性均无显著差异。总体上,处于东南季风带之外、云南西南部的勐海褐飞虱种群致害性明显强于来源于东南季风带之内的5个褐飞虱种群,进一步为我国西南稻区西部与云贵高原东缘及以东地区分属不同的褐飞虱迁飞场提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

6.
水稻抗稻飞虱基因遗传与定位研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens St(a)l)、白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera Horvath)和灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus Fallén)是水稻生产上的重要害虫,给我国水稻生产造成了严重的经济损失.培育和利用抗虫品种是防治稻飞虱经济有效的措施.抗性遗传和抗性基因研究是进行抗虫育种的基础.目前,有关水稻抗褐飞虱基因的遗传与定位研究取得了较大进展,包括21个主基因、50余个QTLs和许多褐飞虱抗性相关基因被发掘、定位与克隆,而白背飞虱和灰飞虱抗性基因尚有待进一步发掘和鉴定.此外,今后应加强稻飞虱抗性基因在生产上的应用.  相似文献   

7.
Xa21是已经分离克隆的一个具有广谱抗性的水稻白叶枯病抗性基因,根据已克隆的白叶枯病抗性基因Xa21外显子Ⅱ序列设计特异性引物对云南3种野生稻及其他稻种进行PCR扩增.结果表明,只有普通野生稻(景洪普通野生稻和元江普通野生稻)及长雄野生稻中扩增到了长400bp的目的片段,而疣粒野生稻和药用野生稻及栽培稻中均没有扩增到目的片段.通过序列比较发现所克隆的序列同长雄野生稻的氨基酸序列变化是随机的.  相似文献   

8.
比较了我国南宁、越南河内、河静、顺化、胡志明市、九龙江6个褐飞虱地理种群的差异.结果表明:南宁、河内、河静、顺化的褐飞虱种群能致害含Bph1和bph2抗虫基因的水稻品种,而越南胡志明市、九龙江褐飞虱种群的致害能力更强,对含Bph1、bph2、Bph3、bph4抗虫基因的水稻品种均表现为致害或强致害;南宁、河内、河静、顺化褐飞虱若虫在水稻品种TN1、Mudgo、ASD7上的存活率均在52%以上,在Rathu Heenati、Babawee、Ptb33上的存活率均低于44%;胡志明市、九龙江褐飞虱若虫除了在Rathu Heenati上的存活率低于50%外,在其他品种上的存活率都在50%以上.南宁、河内、顺化褐飞虱若虫在TN1、Mudgo、ASD7上的发育历期显著短于在Rathu Heenati、Babawee、Ptb33上的发育历期;河静褐飞虱若虫在TN1、Mudgo、ASD7上的发育历期与在Rathu Heenati、Ptb33上的发育历期差异不显著.胡志明市褐飞虱若虫在TN1、ASD7上的发育历期显著短于在Rathu Heenati、Babawee、Ptb33上的发育历期;九龙江褐飞虱若虫在TN1、Mudgo、ASD7、Rathu Heenati、Babawee、Ptb33上的发育历期差异不显著.选择性试验表明,接虫192 h后,南宁、河内褐飞虱若虫在Rathu Heenati、Babawee、Ptb33上的虫口密度显著低于在TN1、Mudgo和ASD7上的虫口密度;河静褐飞虱若虫在Babawee上的虫口密度显著低于在TN1、Mudgo上的虫口密度;顺化、胡志明市褐飞虱若虫在Babawee上的虫口密度显著低于在TN1、Mudgo、ASD7、Rathu Heenati上的虫口密度;九龙江褐飞虱若虫在Babawee、Ptb33上的虫口密度显著低于在TN1、ASD7上的虫口密度.本研究发现,我国南宁褐飞虱田间种群与越南河内、顺化、河静(属于越南中部及北部地区)的褐飞虱田间种群致害性相似,从而为“越南中北部是褐飞虱迁入我国的虫源地”提供了新的证据.  相似文献   

9.
褐稻虱生物型的监测和控制对策   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
广西等11个省、市、自治区的褐稻虱Nilaparvata lugens(Stal)生物型监测表明:我国目前除成都的褐稻虱属生物型1外,其他均以生物型2为优势种群。还发现云南思茅和广 西南宁的褐稻虱有部分个体可致害含抗性基因bph2的ASDT和IR36。并鉴定选出一些抗生物型2的品种可供目前推广使用。尚发现广西药用野稻绝大多数材料、普通野稻部分材料以及国际水稻抗褐稻虱圃中Ptb33及其衍生品种(系)具有广谱抗性。若用以培育具广谱抗性的新品种,则是控制褐稻虱新生物型产生和暴发为害的一个重要对策。  相似文献   

10.
褐飞虱(Nilapavata lugens,brown planthopper,BPH)是水稻生产中最重要的害虫.水稻与褐飞虱互作机制的研究为培育新的水稻品种做出了贡献.本文综述了栽培稻和野生稻中分离定位的抗褐飞虱基因,以及褐飞虱唾液蛋白、水稻和褐飞虱代谢物和褐飞虱共生菌在水稻-褐飞虱互作关系中的作用.目前从栽培稻和野生稻中鉴定了 40个抗褐飞虱基因,褐飞虱取食的信号转导开启水稻抗性基因的表达和防御机制的改变,包括筛管封闭、次生代谢产物的产生,以及蛋白酶抑制剂的诱导等.褐飞虱的唾液蛋白以及体内存在多种共生微生物对褐飞虱的生长发育和适应抗性都起到一定作用,但目前提出的水稻-褐飞虱分子相互作用的模型仍有许多方面有待研究.  相似文献   

11.
Three wild rice species and six cultivated rice varieties were evaluated to determine their mechanisms of resistance toNilaparvata lugens (Stal.). Wild rice species,Oryza officinalis, O. punctata, andO. latifolia and cultivated rices Rathu Heenati (Bph 3), Babawee (bph 4), ARC 10 550 (bph 5), Swarnalata (Bph 6), Ptb 33 (bph 2+Bph 3) and the susceptible Taichung Native (TN 1) (no resistance gene) were included in the study. In a free choice seedbox screening test, wild rice species maintained their high level of resistance through the 48 h exposure toN. lugens nymphs while plant damage ratings of cultivated rice varieties increased with time. Wild rices were non preferred and significantly more individuals settled on susceptible TN 1 followed by cultivated rices. The quantity of food ingested and assimilated byN. lugens on wild rices was less than on cultivated resistant varieties.N. lugens caged on resistant wild rices had slow nymphal development, reduced longevity, low fecundity, and low egg hatchability as compared toN. lugens on cultivated resistant varieties.  相似文献   

12.
Despite over 30 years of deployment, varieties with the Bph3 gene for resistance to the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), are still effective in much of the Philippines. In the present study, we determined the effects of adaptation to one resistant variety, IR62 – assumed to possess the Bph3 gene – on (1) resistance against a series of varieties with similar biotypical responses (presumed to contain the same major resistance genes), and (2) a differential variety with the bph4 gene that occurs at the same chromosome position as Bph3. We also examined the effects of high soil nitrogen on the effectiveness of Bph3. Feeding, planthopper biomass, and development times were reduced in a wild BPH population when reared on IR62 compared with the susceptible standard variety TN1. However, nitrogen application increased the susceptibility of IR62. After 13 generations on IR62, BPH had adapted to the plant’s resistance. Virulence of the adapted BPH against the variety ‘Rathu Heenati’ supports the idea that Bph3 is present in IR62. Across similar IR varieties (IR60, IR66, IR68, IR70, IR72, and IR74), feeding, planthopper biomass, and development rates were generally higher for IR62‐adapted than for non‐adapted BPH; however, contrary to expectations, many of these varieties were already susceptible to wild BPH. Fitness was also higher for IR62‐adapted BPH on the variety ‘Babawee’ indicating a close relation between Bph3 and bph4. The results indicate that the conventional understanding of the genetics behind resistance in IR varieties needs to be readdressed to develop and improve deployment strategies for resistance management.  相似文献   

13.
The brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice in Thailand. We performed a cluster analysis that revealed the existence of four groups corresponding to the variation of virulence against BPH resistance genes in 45 BPH populations collected in Thailand. Rice cultivars Rathu Heenati and PTB33, which carry Bph3, showed a broad-spectrum resistance against all BPH populations used in this study. The resistant gene Bph3 has been extensively studied and used in rice breeding programs against BPH; however, the chromosomal location of Bph3 in the rice genome has not yet been determined. In this study, a simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis was performed to identify and localize the Bph3 gene derived from cvs. Rathu Heenati and PTB33. For mapping of the Bph3 locus, we developed two backcross populations, BC1F2 and BC3F2, from crosses of PTB33 × RD6 and Rathu Heenati × KDML105, respectively, and evaluated these for BPH resistance. Thirty-six polymorphic SSR markers on chromosomes 4, 6 and 10 were used to survey 15 resistant (R) and 15 susceptible (S) individuals from the backcross populations. One SSR marker, RM190, on chromosome 6 was associated with resistance and susceptibility in both backcross populations. Additional SSR markers surrounding the RM190 locus were also examined to define the location of Bph3. Based on the linkage analysis of 208 BC1F2 and 333 BC3F2 individuals, we were able to map the Bph3 locus between two flanking SSR markers, RM589 and RM588, on the short arm of chromosome 6 within 0.9 and 1.4 cM, respectively. This study confirms both the location of Bph3 and the allelic relationship between Bph3 and bph4 on chromosome 6 that have been previously reported. The tightly linked SSR markers will facilitate marker-assisted gene pyramiding and provide the basis for map-based cloning of the resistant gene.  相似文献   

14.
To understand the development of host plant resistance-breaking ability of the current BPH populations in Korea, we conducted nymphal survivorship tests and electrical penetration graph (EPG) studies on susceptible and resistant rice varieties with four different BPH populations, which were collected in the early 1980s (S-BPH) and in 2005, 2006, and 2007. The S-BPH had low survival rates on resistant rice varieties carrying either Bph1 or bph2. However, the current BPH populations have high resistance-breaking ability on the varieties with their elevated survival rates, whereas their survival rates were still low on the other resistant varieties, Gayabyeo (Bph1  the other unknown gene) and Rathu Heenati (Bph3). The EPG analysis also revealed that the ratio of BPH that could reach the phloem sap ingestion waveform (N4-b) within 15 h on the resistant rice varieties containing Bph1 or bph2 was higher in the current BPH populations (16.7–50%) than in the S-BPH population (0-4.2%). However, the pre-reaching time from the penetration start to the first N4-b waveform in the current BPH populations was significantly longer on resistant varieties (Bph1 or bph2) than on susceptible varieties. Furthermore, the total duration of N4-b waveform was significantly shorter on the resistant varieties.From these results, we suggest that, although the current BPHs collected in Korea have a high resistance-breaking ability through the increase of survival rate on resistant rice varieties carrying either Bph1 or bph2, they still have some difficulties feeding on the phloem sap of the resistant rice varieties.  相似文献   

15.
Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. Exploring resistance genes from diverse germplasms and incorporating them into cultivated varieties are critical for controlling this insect. The rice variety Swarnalata was reported to carry a resistance gene (designated Bph6), which has not yet been assigned to a chromosome location and the resistance mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we identified and mapped this gene using the F2 and backcrossing populations and characterized its resistance in indica 9311 and japonica Nipponbare using near isogenic lines (NILs). In analysis of 9311/Swarnalata F2 population, the Bph6 gene was located on the long arm of chromosome 4 between the SSR markers RM6997 and RM5742. The gene was further mapped precisely to a 25-kb region delimited between the STS markers Y19 and Y9; and the distance between these markers is 25-kb in Nipponbare genome. The Bph6 explained 77.5% of the phenotypic variance of BPH resistance in F2 population and 84.9% in BC2F2 population. Allele from Swarnalata significantly increased resistance to the BPH, resulted in a reduced damage score. In characterization of Bph6-mediated resistance, the BPH insects showed significant preference between NIL-9311 and 9311 in 3 h and between NIL-NIP and Nipponbare in 120 h after release. BPH growth and development were inhibited, and the insect’s survival rates were lower on Bph6-NIL plants, compared with the parents 9311 and Nipponbare. The results indicate that the Bph6 exerted prolonged antixenotic and antibiotic effects in Bph6-NIL plants, and NIL-9311 plants showed a quicker and stronger effect toward BPH than NIL-NIP plants.  相似文献   

16.
Brown planthopper (BPH) is a destructive insect pest of rice in Asia. Identification and the incorporation of new BPH resistance genes into modern rice cultivars are important breeding strategies to control the damage caused by new biotypes of BPH. In this study, a major resistance gene, Bph18(t), has been identified in an introgression line (IR65482-7-216-1-2) that has inherited the gene from the wild species Oryza australiensis. Genetic analysis revealed the dominant nature of the Bph18(t) gene and identified it as non-allelic to another gene, Bph10 that was earlier introgressed from O. australiensis. After linkage analysis using MapMaker followed by single-locus ANOVA on quantitatively expressed resistance levels of the progenies from an F2 mapping population identified with marker allele types, the Bph18(t) gene was initially located on the subterminal region of the long arm of chromosome 12 flanked by the SSR marker RM463 and the STS marker S15552. The corresponding physical region was identified in the Nipponbare genome pseudomolecule 3 through electronic chromosome landing (e-landing), in which 15 BAC clones covered 1.612 Mb. Eleven DNA markers tagging the BAC clones were used to construct a high-resolution genetic map of the target region. The Bph18(t) locus was further localized within a 0.843-Mb physical interval that includes three BAC clones between the markers R10289S and RM6869 by means of single-locus ANOVA of resistance levels of mapping population and marker-gene association analysis on 86 susceptible F2 progenies based on six time-point phenotyping. Using gene annotation information of TIGR, a putative resistance gene was identified in the BAC clone OSJNBa0028L05 and the sequence information was used to generate STS marker 7312.T4A. The marker allele of 1,078 bp completely co-segregated with the BPH resistance phenotype. STS marker 7312.T4A was validated using BC2F2 progenies derived from two temperate japonica backgrounds. Some 97 resistant BC2F2 individuals out of 433 screened completely co-segregated with the resistance-specific marker allele (1,078 bp) in either homozygous or heterozygous state. This further confirmed a major gene-controlled resistance to the BPH biotype of Korea. Identification of Bph18(t) enlarges the BPH resistance gene pool to help develop improved rice cultivars, and the PCR marker (7312.T4A) for the Bph18(t) gene should be readily applicable for marker-assisted selection (MAS). K. K. Jena and J. U. Jeung contributed equally to this study.  相似文献   

17.
不同地理种群褐飞虱的抗逆性   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
研究了不同地理种群褐飞虱对水稻抗性品种、若虫高密度、高温、饥饿和杀虫剂等逆境条件的抗性。结果表明,广西和云南种群褐飞虱对抗虫品种的适应性比浙江种群强而广,浙江种群只能适应抗虫品种IR26而广西和云南种群则还能适应抗性更高的ASD7和Rathu Heenati。广西和云南种群较能适应高密度环境,而浙江种群的适应性较差,其雌虫短翅率与若虫密度呈显著负相关。虽然广西和云南种群对高温的忍受性比浙江种群的强  相似文献   

18.
Wang Y  Li H  Si Y  Zhang H  Guo H  Miao X 《Planta》2012,235(4):829-840
Rathu Heenati (RHT) is a Sri Lankan rice cultivar that carries a brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene, Bph3, and shows broad-spectrum resistance to all four biotypes of BPH. The BPH-resistance loci in RHT has been studied extensively and assigned to four different rice chromosomes (3, 4, 6, and 10) by different research groups, but the gene has not been cloned previously. An Affymetrix rice genome array containing 48,564 japonica and 1,260 indica sequences was used to analyze the potential resistance-related genes on the four chromosomes by comparative analysis of the differentially expressed genes between resistant and susceptible rice cultivars exposed to BPH attack. The microarray results showed that at least 17 genes related to induced resistance and at least 193 genes related to constitutive resistance in RHT. On chromosome 3, the AOC4 was hypothesized to be the most important candidate gene. On chromosome 6, no valuable candidate resistance gene was identified in the Bph3 localization region. In the three Quantitative trait locus regions of chromosomes 3, 4, and 10, the numbers of constitutive and induced resistance-related genes found were 17, 26, and 12, respectively. The major probe on chromosome 10 represents a constitutive expression gene with a very high absolute fold-change of 2,588.82. The microarray analysis indicated that BPH resistance in RHT is probably controlled by a series of resistance-related genes. This study provides valuable information for cloning, functional analysis and marker-assisted breeding of these BPH resistance genes.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号