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1.
An antiserum to subunit 2 from the high-molecular-weight (HMW) subunits of the glutenin fraction of Triticum aestivum cv. Highbury was shown to react with related subunits from other cultivars of wheat. The reaction was measured quantitatively by laser nephelometry in polyethylene glycol phosphate-buffered saline after dissolving the HMW fraction in 0.1 M acetic acid; urea used to dissolve the HMW prolamins inhibited the reaction, in some cases at the low concentration of 0.06 M. A study of the comparative reactions of other cereal prolamins was made. D hordein, the homologous HMW protein of barley, showed less reaction, which was more inhibited by urea than the wheat subunits. Some -gliadins from the wheat cultivars Chinese Spring and Cheyenne reacted more strongly than the injected fraction and there was less inhibition by urea. A-, - and 3 of wheat also reacted with the antiserum while a secalin of rye of Mr 40000 gave a weak reaction.Abbreviations HMW high molecular weight - PAGE polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis - PBS phosphate-buffered saline - PE pyridylethylated - SDS sodium dodecyl sulphate  相似文献   

2.
The storage proteins and isozymes of two accessions of Aegilops longissima, and the F2 progeny from the cross between them, were analyzed. Six loci were identified on the 1Sl chromosome: Glu-S l 1 (coding for HMW subunits of glutenin), Gpi-S l 1 (coding for a Gpi isozyme), Glu-S l 3 (coding for LMW subunits of glutenin), Gli-S l 1 (coding for gliadins) and two, so far, not described new loci Gli-S l 4 and Gli-S l 5. The Gli-S l 4 locus codes for a -gliadin and the Gli-S l 5 codes for a gliadin with mobility in the -region. The genetical distances found between the six loci allowed the establishment of the following gene order on the 1Sl chromosome: Glu-S l 1 —centromere —Gpi-S l 1Gli-S l 4Gli-S l 3Gli-S l 1 -Gli-S l 5.  相似文献   

3.
A reduced tetrasaccharide chain was obtained from human von Willebrand factor (vWF) by mild alkaline borohydride treatment. The purification of thisO-glycosidically-linked oligosaccharide was achieved by serial affinity chromatography on immobilized concanavalin A andLens culinaris agglutinin and finally gel filtration. Its structure was determined by a combination of methylation studies and 500 MHz1H-NMR spectroscopy to be: NeuAc(2-3)Gal(1-3)[NeuAc(2-6)]GalNAc-ol.Abbreviations ConA concanavalin A - LCA Lens culinaris agglutinin - vWF von Willebrand factor - NeuAc N-acetylneuraminic acid - Gal d-galactose - GalNAc-ol N-acetyl-d-galactosaminitol - HMW high molecular weight - LMW low molecular weight  相似文献   

4.
Summary A triple (1AL.1RS/1BL.1RS/1DL.1RS) and three double (1AL.1RS/1BL.1RS, 1AL.1RS/1DL.1RS, 1BL.1RS/1DL.1RS) wheat-rye 1RS translocation stocks were isolated from a segregating population using the Gli-1, Tri-1 and Sec-1 seed proteins as genetic markers. These stocks carried 42 chromosomes and formed the expected multivalents (frequency of 14–25%) at metaphase 1. They gave floret fertility ranging from 40–60%. These stocks were subsequently used to determine the genetic control of low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenin subunits in Chinese Spring and Gabo by means of two-step one-dimensional SDS-PAGE. All of the B subunits and most of the C subunits of glutenin were shown to be controlled by genes on the short arms of group-1 chromosomes in these wheats. The other C subunits were not controlled by group-1 chromosomes. The triple translocation line served as a suitable third parent in producing test-cross seeds for studying the inheritance of the LMW glutenin subunits and gliadins in wheat cultivars, e.g. Chinese Spring and Orca. The segregation patterns of the LMW glutenin subunits in these cultivars revealed that the subunits were inherited in clusters and that their controlling genes (Glu-3) were tightly linked with those controlling gliadins (Gli-1). The LMW glutenin patterns d, d and e in Orca segregated as alternatives to the patterns a, a and a in Chinese Spring controlled by Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3 loci on chromosome arms 1AS, 1BS and 1DS, respectively, thus indicating that these patterns were controlled by allelic genes at these loci.  相似文献   

5.
Summary In order to study some internal dynamic processes of the lac operator sequence, the 13C-labeled duplex 5d(C0G1C2T3C4A5C6A7A8T9T10) · d(A10A9T8T7G6T5G4A3G2C1G0)3 was used. The spreading of both the H1 and C1 resonances brought about an excellent dispersion of the 1H1-13C1 correlations. The spinlattice relaxation parameters R(Cz), R(Cx,y) and R(HzCz) were measured for each residue of the two complementary strands, except for the 3-terminal residues which were not labeled. Variation of the relaxation rates was found along the sequence. These data were analyzed in the context of the model-free formalism proposed by Lipari and Szabo [(1982) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 104, 4546–4570] and extended to three parameters by Clore et al. [(1990) Biochemistry, 29, 7387–7401; and (1990) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 4989–4991]. A careful analysis using a least-squares program showed that our data must be interpreted in terms of a three-parameter spectral density function. With this approach, the global correlation time was found to be the same for each residue. All the C1-H1 fragments exhibited both slow (s = 1.5) and fast (f = 20 ps) restricted libration motions (S inf2 sups =0.74 to 1.0 and S inf2 supf =0.52 to 0.96). Relaxation processes were described as governed by the motion of the sugar relative to the base and in terms of bending of the whole duplex. The possible role played by the special structure of the AATT sequence is discussed. No evident correlation was found between the amplitude motions of the complementary residues. The 5-terminal residues showed large internal motions (S2=0.5), which describe the fraying of the double helix. Global examination of the microdynamical parameters S inf2 supf and S inf2 sups along the nucleotide sequence showed that the adenine residues exhibit more restricted fast internal motions (S inf2 supf =0.88 to 0.96) than the others, whereas the measured relaxation rates of the four nucleosides in solution were mainly of dipolar origin. Moreover, the fit of both R(Cz) and R(HzCz) experimental relaxation rates using an only global correlation time for all the residues, gave evidence of a supplementary relaxation pathway affecting R(Cx,y) for the purine residues in the (53) G4A3 and A10A9T8T7 sequences. This relaxation process was analyzed in terms of exchange stemming from motions of the sugar around the glycosidic bond on the millisecond time scale. It should be pointed out that these residues gave evidence of close contacts with the protein in the complex with the lac operator [Boelens et al. (1987) J. Mol. Biol., 193, 213–216] and that these motions could be implied in the lac-operator-lac-repressor recognition process.  相似文献   

6.
Summary Variation in high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunit composition among 167 accessions of dicoccum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccum Schrank) of diverse origins was investigated using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). A total of 20 alleles were identified, and 9 of them were found to be different from those previously detected by Payne and Lawrence (1983 b) in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The newly discovered alleles enhance the genetic variability available to improve the industrial quality of wheats and some of them may facilitate basic research on the relationship of industrial quality with HMW glutenin subunit number. The novel variants include a GLU-A1 encoded subunit which has higher molecular mass than any other so far described in tetraploid and hexaploid wheats, and a null GLU-B1 allele. Dicoccums containing neither GLU-A1- nor GLU-B1-encoded subunits were also identified. A comparison of the mean number of HMW glutenin subunits contained in various primitive and modern domesticated wheats of different ploidy levels and the identification of wheats containing no HMW glutenin subunits suggest that the occurrence of null GLU-1 alleles in these species depends on chance rather on an inherent tendency on the part of modern polyploid wheats to suppress the activity of redundant GLU-1 genes.  相似文献   

7.
Summary Four zones of enzymatic activity for glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) were found in apple tissue. A dimeric gene, GOT-1, determining the fastest migrating zone, was identified. Six alleles were found, including a near null allelle which produced detectable heterodimeric bands but not homodimeric bands. A marked deficit or absence of certain geno-types in all backcrosses and in some crosses between unrelated varieties was attributed to the close linkage (r=0.02±0.005) of GOT-1 with the incompatibility S locus. GOT-1 was also closely linked with the isocitrate dehydrogenase locus IDH-1 (0.03±0.01). Proposed incompatibility genotypes for four cultivars, and the linked GOT-1 alleles are Cox: S 1 b/S 2 d, Idared: S 3 a/S 4 c, Fiesta: S 3 a/S 2 d and Kent: S 3 a/S 1 b.The results reported in this paper are part of a PhD Thesis by the first author  相似文献   

8.
The trisaccharide 2-(p-trifluoroacetamidophenyl)ethyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-[2-O-(-l-fucopyranosyl)--d-galactopyranosyl]--d-glucopyranoside 1 and the tetrasaccharide 2-(p-trifluoroacetamidophenyl)ethyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(-l-fucopyranosyl)-4-O-[2-O-(-l-fucopyranosyl)--d-galactopyranosyl]--d-glucopyranoside 2 were synthesized. Thioglycosides, suitably protected, activated directly with methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate or dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium tetrafluoroborate or activated after bromine treatment with halophilic reagents, were used as glycosyl donors in the construction of the glycosidic linkages.Abbreviations DMTSB dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium tetrafluoroborate - Phth phthaloyl - MBn p-methoxybenzyl - ClBn p-chlorobenzyl  相似文献   

9.
The transmembrane proton gradient of the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain CSN has been determined by in vivo31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the absence of dioxygen. At pH 7.0 in the medium (pHex) the intracellular pH (pHin) was 7.5. By lowering pHex to 5.9 pHin decreased to 7.1. At pHex greater than 7.7 the transmembrane proton gradient (pH) was zero. The uncouplers 3,3,4,5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS) and carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), or the permeant anion thiocyanate caused complete dissipation of pH.Abbreviations CCCP carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone - TCS 3,3,4,5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide - MOPS 3-(N-morpholino)-propanesulfonic acid - P i inorganic phosphate - pH in (pHex) intracellular (extracellular) pH - pH transmembrane proton gradient (pHin-pHex) - electrochemical membrane potential - chemical shift in parts per million - NMR nuclear magnetic resonance  相似文献   

10.
Homoeologous pairing at meiotic metaphase I was analyzed in T. longissimum x T. aestivum hybrids in order to reconfirm the homoeologous relationships of T. longissimum chromosomes to wheat. Hybrids between T. longissimum and Chinese Spring carrying the Ph1 gene or theph1b mutation, which showed low and high pairing levels, respectively, were used. Chromosome arms associated at metaphase I were identified by C-banding. The homoeology of chromosomes 1S l , 2S l , 3S l , 5S l and 6S l to wheat group 1,2, 3, 5, and 6 chromosomes, respectively, was confirmed. Chromsome arms 4S l S and 7S l S showed normal homoeologous relationships to wheat. The 4S l L arm carries a translocated segment from 7S l L relative to wheat. The 7S l L arm seldom paired, likely because this arm lost a relatively long segment and received a very short segment in the interchange with 4S l L. Available data suggest that translocation 4S l L/7S l L arose in the evolution of T. longissimum, which implies that this species was not the donor of the B genome of wheat.  相似文献   

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