负压封闭辅助闭合技术在难愈性伤口中的疗效观察

目的观察负压封闭辅助闭合（VAC）技术在难愈性伤口中的临床疗效。方法对我院2011年1月~2013年1月收治的19例难愈性伤口患者（为观察组）采用美国KCI公司VAC治疗系统进行负压封闭治疗,并随机选择2011年以前收治的难愈性伤口患者19例（为对照组）,采用常规换药治疗。观察比较两组患者伤口愈合率、愈合时间及换药次数。结果与对照组相比,观察组的伤口愈合率较高（P〈0.05）;伤口平均愈合时间缩短,平均换药次数明显减少（均P〈0.01）。结论 VAC技术治疗难愈性伤口的疗效明显,值得临床推广。     

负压封闭引流技术治疗剖宫产术后切口愈合不良41例的分析

目的：探讨负压封闭引流技术在剖宫产术后切口愈合不良中的应用及疗效。方法：剖宫产术后切口愈合不良41例,其中脂肪液化35例,切口感染7例,应用负压封闭引流装置治疗3～7天后再行局部换药或二次手术缝合。结果：负压封闭引流治疗时间平均为4．15＋1．24天,之后采取换药治疗者15例,平均愈合时间14．6±3136天;采取二次手术缝合者26例,伤口均一期愈合。结论：负压封闭引流治疗剖宫产术后切口愈合不良,可明显促进肉芽组织生长,缩短创面愈合时间,同时为二次手术缝合创造条件。     

负压封闭引流技术治疗剖宫产术后切口愈合不良41例的分析

目的:探讨负压封闭引流技术在剖宫产术后切口愈合不良中的应用及疗效。方法:剖宫产术后切口愈合不良41例,其中脂肪液化35例,切口感染7例,应用负压封闭引流装置治疗3～7天后再行局部换药或二次手术缝合。结果:负压封闭引流治疗时间平均为4.15±1.24天,之后采取换药治疗者15例,平均愈合时间14.6±3.36天;采取二次手术缝合者26例,伤口均一期愈合。结论:负压封闭引流治疗剖宫产术后切口愈合不良,可明显促进肉芽组织生长,缩短创面愈合时间,同时为二次手术缝合创造条件。     

负压吸引治疗法在手显微外科的临床应用概况

<正>负压吸引治疗方法主要包括负压封闭引流(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)、真空辅助闭合(vacuum-assisted closure,VAC)和负压创面治疗法(negative pressure wound therapy,NPWT),目前已广泛应用于医学各领域。临床上主要用于手显微外科、创伤骨科、普外科、烧伤科、整形外科、胸外科的急性损伤和慢性创面愈合方面以及压力性溃疡(褥疮)、糖尿病足等难治性创面的治疗。本文就负压吸引技术在手显微外科相关疾病治疗研究进展作一综述如下。     

负压封闭引流治疗厌氧菌感染创面的临床观察

目的:观察负压封闭引流联合双氧水冲洗治疗厌氧菌感染创面的临床治疗效果。方法:收集我院收治的创面厌氧菌感染患者60例,随机分为两组。其中,对照组(30例)患者采用常规换药治疗创面厌氧菌感染,VSD组(30例)患者给予负压封闭引流并辅以双氧水冲洗治疗。观察并比较两组患者厌氧菌清除率,以及创面愈合情况。结果:VSD组创面厌氧菌感染率明显低于对照组,创面愈合效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:负压封闭引流不仅能够有效控制感染创面厌氧菌生长,而且可以有效促进创面愈合,对临床具有指导意义。     

复合负压吸引的外固定钢板治疗四肢开放性骨折的应用价值

目的:探讨复合负压吸引的外固定钢板治疗四肢开放性骨折的应用价值。方法:选择2014年1月到2017年1月到我院诊治的胫腓骨中下段开放性骨折患者共68例为研究对象,根据随机信封抽签原则分为观察组与对照组,每组34例。对照组给予负压封闭引流(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)的常规外固定钢板治疗,观察组给予复合负压吸引的外固定钢板治疗,记录和比较围手术期严重并发症的发生情况、手术时间、骨折愈合时间、临床疗效和创口愈合情况。结果:两组患者都完成手术,围手术期并无严重并发症发生。观察组的手术时间与骨折愈合时间分别为38.24±8.16 min和8.83±1.01周,均明显少于对照组(49.50±9.87min和12.23±0.91周)(P0.05)。术后3个月,观察组和对照组的疗效优良率分别是97.1%、82.4%,观察组明显高于对照组(P0.05);观察组的创口甲级愈合28例,乙级愈合6例,丙级愈合0例;对照组甲级愈合21例,乙级愈合8例,丙级愈合5例,观察组创口愈合情况明细优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:复合负压吸引的外固定钢板治疗四肢开放性骨折能明显缩短手术时间,促进骨折愈合,提高创口愈合质量,提高临床疗效。     

封闭负压引流结合局部氧疗可有效治疗创伤性慢性伤口

为研究封闭负压引流结合局部氧疗对慢性创伤性伤口患者的伤口微环境、伤口细菌感染、伤口治愈率和伤口治愈时间的影响,本研究选择2015年2月至2016年11月期间来我院治疗的88例慢性创伤性伤口患者,按随机数字表法将88例患者分为对照组(44例)和干预组(44例)。干预组采用封闭负压引流结合局部氧疗连续治疗15 d,对照组仅采用封闭负压引流疗法连续治疗15 d。观察两组患者治疗前后伤口渗液酸碱度、伤口温度、伤口细菌感染种类和伤口细菌感染阳性率,以及3个月随访结束时两组患者的伤口治愈率和伤口平均治愈时间。研究结果显示,治疗后,两组患者伤口渗液酸碱度时间效应、干预效应及时间和干预交互效应均有极显著差异(p0.01);两组患者伤口温度的时间效应和干预效应均有极显著差异(p0.01);干预后,干预组患者总的细菌阳性率(15.9%)显著低于对照组(54.5%)。随访结束时,干预组患者伤口治愈率(86.4%)显著高于对照组(61.4%);干预组患者的伤口治愈时间((38.65±9.39)d)显著短于对照组((52.00±9.58)d)。本研究表明,负压封闭结合局部氧疗治疗可优化伤口微环境,强化除茵抑菌作用,有助于提高伤口治愈率和缩短愈合时间。     

胸腰椎术后感染负压封闭引流治疗研究

目的:探讨在胸腰椎后路内固定手术术后早期伤口感染后使用负压封闭引流技术在保留内固定治疗中的应用。方法:回顾性分析我院2008年1月~2013年6月胸腰椎后路内固定术后感染的14例患者,应用敏感抗生素,保留内固定、彻底清创并结合负压封闭引流治疗伤口感染。结果:14例病人经过采用负压引流术,感染得到控制,内固定得以保留。随访9~36个月,患者感染均未再复发。结论:对于胸腰椎后路内固定术后早期感染,应用负压封闭引流可以有效控制感染,利于伤口的早期愈合,治疗腰椎后路内固定术后感染保留内固定装置治疗行之有效。     

植皮用真空封闭仪

美国加州大学的JT．Owings博士等发明了一种能提高外科植皮成功率的新仪器,这种新仪器叫真空封闭仪（Vacuum-Assisted Closure Devise,VAC）。它改变了传统的创口包扎法,其原理是将该仪器旋转在植皮的部位,并在创口上覆盖一层薄膜,以真空抽吸的原理加速伤口的愈合,同时还大大减少了细菌感染的机会。     

基于负压封闭引流以及锁定钢板治疗GustiloⅢ型开放性骨折

为提高开放性骨折治疗的临床疗效,本研究应用锁定钢板联合负压封闭引流技术治疗GustiloⅢ开放性骨折,并与传统的外固定架联合负压封闭引流技术治疗开放性骨折的临床效果进行比较分析。本研究选取我院在2011年3月至2017年3月6年内收治的88例GustiloⅢ开放性骨折的临床病例资料,其中使用锁定钢板联合负压封闭引流技术(锁定钢板组)治疗42例;外固定架结合负压封闭引流技术(外固定组)治疗46例。比较分析两组间术后并发症、骨折愈合时间、住院时间、二期创面关闭时间、抗生素费用等指标。结果表明,锁定钢板组42例,术后表面感染2例、深部感染2例、畸形愈合2例、脂肪栓塞4例;外固定组术后表面感染16例、深部感染8例、畸形愈合14例、脂肪栓塞2例;两组患者术后表面感染率显著性差异(p=0.033),其他术后并发症方面并无显著性差异;锁定钢板组术后骨折愈合时间(17.8±1.9)周、二期创面关闭时间(6.5±1.7) d、住院时间(22.6±4.3) d、抗生素费用(2 243.3±243.5)元;外固定组术后骨折愈合时间(23.5±3.1)周、二期创面关闭时间(8.4±2.4) d、住院时间(27.8±6.6) d、抗生素费用(2 602.7±476.6)元。两组在骨折愈合时间、住院时间、抗生素花费上有显著性差异,在二期创面关闭时间上无明显统计学差异。本研究初步结论表明,应用锁定钢板联合负压封闭引流技术治疗开放性骨折相比与传统的外固定架结合负压封闭引流技术,可以降低术后表面感染率、缩短骨折愈合时间、降低患者住院时间,降低抗生素费用,是临床治疗的有效手段。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.