云南产凤尾蕨属植物(凤尾蕨科)的新修订

在《中国植物志》和《云南植物志》的基础上,对云南产凤尾蕨属植物进行新的分类修订。文中澄清了8个混淆类群,其中新等级1种,即高原凤尾蕨Pteriscuspigera(Chingex Ching et S.H.Wu)X.Q.Song;云南分布新记录1种,即假指状凤尾蕨Pteris psudodactylina Ching et S.K.Wu;新异名3个,即Pteris asperi-caulis var.cuspigera Chingex Ching et S.H.Wu,Pteris inaequalis Bak.及Pteris wallichiana var.yunnanensis(Christ)Ching et S.H.Wu。还列出了新修订种类的文献引证、标本引证、生境和地理分布。经该文研究确认,现知云南有该属植物48种。     

滇产凤尾蕨属植物小志

本文订正滇产凤尾蕨属植物2种和1变种。Pteris subsimplex Ching ex Ching et S．H．Wu、Pteris hekouensis Ching ex Ching et S．H．Wu和Pteris monghaiensis Ching ex Ching et S．H．Wu被作为新异名处理。     

湖北蕨类植物新记录

该文报道了湖北蕨类植物1个新记录属:冷蕨属(Cystopteris Bernhardi)及对应的新记录种宝兴冷蕨(Cystopteris moupinensis Franchet); 4个新记录种:台湾剑蕨(Loxogramme formosana Nakai)、扇羽阴地蕨[Botrychium lunaria (Linnaeus) Swartz]、耳状紫柄蕨[Pseudophegopteris aurita (Hooker) Ching]、巢形鳞毛蕨[Dryopteris transmorrisonense (Hayata) Hayata]; 2个新记录变种:尾头凤尾蕨(Pteris oshimensis var.paraemeiensis Ching)和西藏粉背蕨[Aleuritopteris subvillosa var. tibetica (ChingS. K. Wu) H. S. Kung]。这些蕨类新记录在湖北的发现,大大丰富了湖北的植物区系及物种多样性,同时对这些蕨类的经济价值或药用价值进行了简要分析,为其资源的进一步合理开发和利用提供了一些理论依据。     

福建蕨类植物新记录

报道福建省蕨类植物4个新记录种:线羽凤尾蕨(Pteris linearis)、林下凤尾蕨(Pteris grevilleana)、台湾鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris formosana)和节肢蕨(Arthromeris lehmanni),并提供描述。     

海南蕨类植物新记录

报道了海南省一些蕨类植物新记录,包括1属——龙津蕨属(Mesopteris Ching),1变种——白斑凤尾蕨(Pteris grevilleana var.ornata Alderw.)和7种——假斜方复叶耳蕨(Arachniodes hekiana Sa.Kurata)、疏网凤了蕨(Coniogramme wilsonii Hieron.)、黑叶角蕨[Cornopteris opaca(D.Don)Tagawa]、大羽双盖蕨(Diplazium megaphyllum(Baker)Chris)、龙津蕨[M.tonkinensis(C.Chr.)Ching]、羽叶新月蕨[Pronephrium parishii(Bedd.)Holttum]和光羽毛蕨(Cyclosorus calvescens Ching)。凭证标本均保存于中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心标本馆(CSH)。     

广东蕨类植物新资料

报道了2个新异名,1个新等级和35种蕨类植物在广东的分布新记录。正安肋毛蕨（Ctenitis changanensis Ching）和信宜铁角蕨（Asplenium xinyiense Ching et S.H.Wu）分别作直鳞肋毛蕨（Ctenitis eatoni (Bak.) Ching）和厚叶铁角蕨（Asplenium griffithianum Hook）的异名处理;齿翅井栏凤尾蕨（Pteris serralata（Miau）Y. H. Yan）被提升到种的等级;假芒萁属（Sticherus Presl）、柄盖蕨属（Peranema D. Don）、蛾眉蕨属（Lunathyrium Koidz.）和革舌蕨属（Scleroglossum Alderw）等4个属为广东分布新记录,小笠原卷柏（Selaginella boninensis Baker）为中国大陆分布新记录。广东现有蕨类已达到56科144属502种。     

江西省2种蕨类植物新记录

通过对九连山的蕨类植物多样性调查,报道江西省蕨类植物新记录两种,即百越凤尾蕨(Pteris fauriei Hieron.var.chinensis Ching et S.H.Wu)和百山祖双盖蕨[Diplazium baishanzuense(Ching&P.S.Chiu)Z.R.He]。凭证标本保存于江西省九连山国家级自然保护区管理局植物标本室(JNR)。     

广东蕨类植物分布新记录

报道7个广东分布新记录种：细羽凤尾蕨、尾头风尾蕨、仙霞铁线蕨、雷波铁角蕨、阔鳞肋毛蕨、网脉实蕨和海南假瘤蕨。其中细羽凤尾蕨、尾头凤尾蕨、仙霞铁线蕨、雷波铁角蕨为石灰岩上生长种类。     

越南、老挝蕨类植物新记载（3）——凤尾蕨属

通过野外调查和标本研究,报道越南、老挝两地凤尾蕨属Pteris 7个新记载的物种,它们分别是P.argyraea、四川凤尾蕨P.sichuanensis、两广凤尾蕨P.maclurei、 单叶凤尾蕨P.pseudopellucida、 有刺凤尾蕨P.setuloso-costulata、 琼南凤尾蕨P.morii、 栗轴凤尾蕨P.wangiana.     

越南、老挝蕨类植物新记载 （3）——凤尾蕨属

通过野外调查和标本研究,报道越南、老挝两地凤尾蕨属Pteris 7个新记载的物种,它们分别是P.argyraea、四川凤尾蕨P.sichuanensis、两广凤尾蕨P.maclurei、 单叶凤尾蕨P.pseudopellucida、 有刺凤尾蕨P.setuloso-costulata、 琼南凤尾蕨P.morii、 栗轴凤尾蕨P.wangiana.     

A Preliminary Study on Cytology of Chinese Pteris

Cytological and biosystematic studies on the genus Pteris have made a great contribution to the theory of speciation and evolution in ferns. Sino-Japanese area is one of the speciation centers of this genus. But only a few Chinese species have been known cytologically. As a preliminary study, ten species of the genus Pteris and two species of the related genera Pteridium and Histiopteris were observed. All the materials were collected from southwest and south China. Their young sori were fixed in ethanol and glacial acetic acid (3:1), in the field. The preparations were made with acetocarmine squash method. The vouchers are deposited in PE. The results of observation are summarized in Table 1. Of Pteris, four species are agamosporous, eight are polyploid, six are actually the members of species complexes. Only two species are purely sexual diploids. Pteris cretica L. var. nervosa (Thunb.) Ching et S. H. Wu has 58 autobivalents at meiosis of spore mother cell, and usually produces 32 diplospores per sporangium. It is obviously an agamosporous diploid. Apart from 32-spored sporangium, some 4-, 8-, 16-, 64-, 13-, 34-, 36-spored, completely abortive or partly abortive sporangia were also found in the fixed material of a single individual. For explaining these unusual types of sporangia at least nine sporogenesis routes can be inferred. It may not be impossible that besides mainly producing functional diplospores, P. cretica var. nervosa also gives a few functional giant spores with a doubled or multiplied somatic chromosome number, which means that polyploids may be simply derived from the spores produced by their diploid parent. The spores in a sporangium are usually tetrahedral, but a few bilateral ones are also found in some sporangia. Sometimes, the bilateral spores are even more than the tetrahedral ones in a sporangium. Pteris vittata L. from the type locality shows 58 bivalents at diakinesis of meiosis. Without doubt, it is a sexual tetraploid, which was also found in south Guangdong and south Yunnan. However, Its natural ancestral diploid has been widely found in the subtropical regions of China, such as Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Hubei provinces. A sterile triploid with the chromosome number of n=201Ⅰ+26Ⅱ+5Ⅲ and a sterile tetraploid hybrid with the chromosome number of n=9Ⅰ+45Ⅱ+3Ⅲ+21Ⅴ were found in south Yunnan and south Guangdong respec tively. It is evident that P. vittata L. sensu lato is a species complex which includes several cy totypes. Its hexaploid form was reported from south India by Abraham et al. The distribu tion pattern of different cytotypes in P. vittata complex may indicate that the tropics is more favourable to formation and surviving of polyploid than the subtropics. However, it is most possible that Chinese subtropics is the origin place of the ancestral member in the P. vittata complex. In gross morphology, the tetraploid and triploid forms are only bigger and stronger than the diploid form. But the diploid can also grow rather big in cultivation. They can har dly be distinguished from each other. Therefore, they are not given formal names here. The author fully agree with Prof. T. Reichstein when he said in 1983 that it was hoped that a new nomenclature could be adopted for the cytotypes of species complex in future. The special chromosome number of Pteris deltodon Bak .was counted in this work for the first time. It has 55 bivalents at meiosis of SMC. This number is the only exception in the genus Pteris, and shows that aneuploidy may have taken place in this genus. However, the pos sibility can not be ruled out that P. deltodon is an allotetraploid came from two diploid species respectively with the chromosome number 26 and 29. Pteris gallinopes described by Prof. Ching in i983 is an agamosporous tetraploid with 116 autobivalents at meiosis, different from the related triploid species P. dactylina Hook. and P. henryi Christ. P. ensiformis Burm^。 P. muftifida Poir. and P. semipinnata L. are sexual tetraploids with n=58. P. excelsa Gaud. and P. oshimensis Hieron. var. paraemeiensis Ching are agamosporous triploids with n = 87 autobivalents. P. wallichiana Agardh is a sexual diploid with n=29. The high frequency of polyploids and agamospory among these random sampled Chinese species futher confirms the conclusion that both polyploidy and apomixis have played an important role in speciation and evolution of the genus Pteris. Pteridium aquilimum (L.) Kunh var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. ex Heller and Histiopteris incisa (Thunb.) J. Sm. have n=52 and n=96 respectively. They are both sexual tetraploids. Their chromosome numbers show again that the genera Pteridium and Histiopteris are distinquished from the genus Pteris by different basic numbers. This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

贵州蕨类植物新资料

报道了贵州一新记录蕨类植物种--云南三叉蕨和一新变种--畸形岩凤尾蕨.     

Arsenic uptake and accumulation in fern species growing at arsenic-contaminated sites of southern China: field surveys

Aiming at searching for new arsenic (As) hyperaccumulators, field surveys were conducted at 12 As-contaminated sites located in Guangxi and Guangdong Provinces of southern China. Samples of 24 fern species belonging to 16 genera and 11 families as well as their associated soils were collected and As concentrations in plant and soil samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results show that among 24 fern species, Pteris multifida and P. oshimensis can (hyper)accumulate As in their fronds with high concentrations in addition to P. vittata and P. cretica var. nervosa, which have been previously identified as As hyperaccumulators. Total As concentrations in soils associated with P. multifida and P. oshimensis varied from 1262 to 47,235 mg kg(-1), but the DTPA-extractable As concentrations were relatively low, with a maximum of 65 mg kg(-1). Forty-four of 49 samples of P. multifida collected from five sites and 3 of 13 samples of P. oshimensis collected from one site accumulated over 1000 mg As kg(-1) in their fronds and As concentrations in the fronds were higher than those in the petioles and rhizoids. Although As concentrations in the fronds of P. oshimensis (789 mg kg(-1) averaged, range 301-2142 mg kg(-1)) were comparatively lower than those of P. multifida (1977 mg kg9-1), 624-4056 mg kg(-1)), its high aboveground biomass makes it more suitable for phytoremediating As-contaminated soils. Among all the species in Pteris genus studied, Pteris semipinnata accumulated only very low As concentration in its fronds (8 mg kg(-1), 1-18 mg kg(-1)). Further research is needed to study the differences in As uptake and accumulation among fern species in the same or other genera.     

Lista de los helechos y licófitos de Cuba

This paper presents an up-to-date list of the ferns and lycophytes of Cuba. The list contains 599 species in 131 genera and 37 families. In total, Cuba harbors 93 endemic species (17 lycophytes and 76 ferns) that represent a 15.5% of the total species of ferns and lycophytes. For each taxon the distribution in Cuba is given according to three phytogeographical subprovinces: Western Cuba, Central Cuba, and Eastern Cuba. The following new combinations are made: Amauropelta balbisii var. longipilosa, Amauropelta piedrensis var. heterotricha, Amauropelta scalpturoides var. glabriuscula, Christella hispidula var. inconstans, Cyathea × acunae, Didymoglossum caluffii, Didymoglossum micropubescens, Goniopteris alata var. subpinnata, Goniopteris sclerophylla var. latifolia, Pteris hexagona var. multifida . A new name, Goniopteris moranii, is given for Thelypteris guadalupensis. New records reported herein for Cuba are Megalastrum macrotheca, Polystichopsis argillicola, and Pteris propinqua.     

The spores of Pteris cretica complex (Pteridaceae-Pteridophyta) in America

Spore morphology in the Pteris cretica complex, including Pteris brasiliensis, P. ciliaris, P. cretica, P. denticulata var. denticulata, P. denticulata var. tristicula, P. ensiformis, P. multifida and P. mutilata was examined using light and scanning electron microscope. The spores are trilete, triangular to circular in shape, with an equatorial thickening (= cingulum). Equatorial diameter ranges from 29 to 69 μm, and polar diameter from 18 to 53 μm. Exospore is proximally verrucate and distally rugate, with the exception of Pteris ensiformis, which has cones on both polar faces. Perispore is generally less than 1 μm thick, apparently single-layered in section, and translucent under light microscope. Spheroids were frequently observed on the surfaces of both perispore and exospore. Hyaline spores lacking cingulum were found in all specimens. Pteris brasiliensis, P. cretica and P. denticulata exhibit pronounced polymorphism and, in addition to trilete spores these taxa also produce atypical spores such as tetralete, monolete and intermediate types.     

凤尾蕨属5种植物孢子体形态研究

采用光学显微镜对凤尾蕨属5种植物孢子体形态特征进行观察和分析,以探讨该属植物的形态和亲缘关系,为凤尾蕨属的系统分类提供新的资料和依据.结果显示,该属5种植物的基本气孔类型为腋下细胞型和极细胞型;叶脉类型为无网眼的羽状分离型;副叶脉呈一回分叉平行分布;5种植物的维管束木质部多为单柱型管状中柱,也有部分双柱型网状中柱,管状分子中均有导管分子存在,仅在蜈蚣蕨和银脉凤尾蕨中发现管胞,其中井栏边草无纹孔膜残余.研究表明,蜈蚣蕨和银脉凤尾蕨较为原始,井栏边草、溪边凤尾蕨、紫轴凤尾蕨关系更近,也更为进化.     

In vitro regeneration of the colorful fern Pteris aspericaulis var. tricolor via green globular bodies system

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant - Pteris aspericaulis var. tricolor T. Moore ex Lowe is a fern species with colorful fronds, potentially used as an ornamental plant. In the...     

山西蕨类植物新资料

报道了山西省新记录的蕨类植物6种1变种,隶属6科、7属,它们是井栏边草、东方狗脊、贵阳铁角蕨、雅致针毛蕨、沼泽蕨、毛轴假蹄盖蕨和高大耳蕨.