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1.
王彪  邱丽娟 《植物学报》2002,19(1):44-48
微卫星DNA是重复单位少于6个核苷酸的简单重复序列。在大部分真核细胞的基因组中有着广泛分布,呈孟德尔式遗传。以此为基础发展起来的SSR标记是一种共显性分子标记,遗传多态性丰富。本文着重介绍近年来SSR技术应用在大豆遗传图谱构建、基因研究、品种鉴定和分子标记辅助育种等方面取得的进展,并初步预测该方法在大豆研究中的发展方向。  相似文献   

2.
蒙古沙冬青是第三纪冰川孑遗物种,具有极强的耐逆性,是研究植物耐逆分子机制的良好材料。利用高通量测序技术和生物信息学工具预测蒙古沙冬青的基因组大小及杂合度,进行SSR分子遗传标记的初步鉴定。蒙古沙冬青基因组大小约为812 Mb,杂合率为0.506%,基因组杂合度较高。对基因组进行拼接,进行SSR分子遗传标记分析,共鉴定183 102个SSR,不同类型核苷酸重复差异较大,其中,二核苷酸重复中的AT/TA含量最高,四核苷酸重复最少,共占总数的1.48%。  相似文献   

3.
油菜简单重复序列SSR(simple sequence repeat)研究进展   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
刘列钊  林呐 《生命科学》2004,16(3):173-176
简单重复序列(simple sequence repeat,SSR)是重复单元少于6个核苷酸重复序列,广泛分布于动植物基因组中,呈孟德尔遗传,已被作为一种理想的共显性标记应用于动植物遗传研究中。本文重点介绍了SSR分类、特点,及近几年来油菜SSR标记的开发和SSR技术在油菜基因定位、品种鉴定中的应用,并对SSR标记在油菜中的应用进行了探讨。  相似文献   

4.
大豆品种早熟18抗疫霉根腐病基因的SSR分子标记   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
大豆品种早熟18是抗疫霉根腐病的有效抗源。本研究鉴定和分子标记早熟18的抗疫霉根腐病基因,以期为该品种的有效利用及分子辅助育种奠定基础。以感病大豆品种Williams与早熟18杂交建立分离群体。抗性遗传分析表明,早熟18对大豆疫霉菌抗性由1个显性单基因控制,该基因被定名为RpsZS18。SSR标记连锁分析表明,RpsZS18位于大豆分子遗传连锁群D1b上的SSR标记Sat_069和Sat_183之间,与这两个标记的遗传距离分别为10.0cM和8.3cM。RpsZS18是D1b连锁群上鉴定的第一个抗疫霉根腐病基因。  相似文献   

5.
综述了限制性长度多态性(RFLP)、随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)、扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)、简单重复序列(SSR)等不同类型分子标记在草莓指纹图谱构建、品种鉴别、遗传多样性、进化、遗传作图以及相关性状的标记等方面的应用,分析了草莓分子标记研究中的关键问题,提出了今后研究方向。  相似文献   

6.
基于枇杷转录组序列的SSR分子标记引物开发   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为获得更多的枇杷SSR引物,对枇杷转录组测序得到的1 kb以上的11 798条Unigenes进行SSR位点搜索。结果在3515条Unigenes(6.77%)中共获得4438个SSR位点,其中主要重复类型为双碱基重复和三碱基重复,二者占SSR总数的68.27%,而四、五、六碱基重复类型较少,仅占1.42%。对选出的SSR标记采用Primer3进行引物设计,得到7911对SSR位点特异引物,可用于枇杷遗传多样性分析、分子标记辅助育种、育种群体的建立等研究。  相似文献   

7.
《生命科学研究》2016,(3):260-266
微卫星分子标记技术被广泛应用于分子生物学研究中,具有多态性高、重复性好、共显性表达、杂合度高等特点,在种群遗传多样性、遗传图谱构建等领域发挥不可替代的作用。近年来,随着新一代高通量测序技术的进一步成熟,简单重复序列(simple sequence repeat,SSR)标记的开发技术与应用得到了进一步的发展。现主要对基于高通量测序的微卫星分子标记最新开发技术进行介绍,并从遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建、品种鉴定及分子辅助育种等方面,总结近年来SSR标记技术在经济植物研究中的最新应用,最后对SSR技术的应用前景进行展望,以期为利用微卫星技术进行经济植物研究提供参考。  相似文献   

8.
长江春大豆核心种质构建及分析   总被引:35,自引:2,他引:33  
利用长江春大豆初选核心种质SSR(simple sequence repeat)标记和农艺性状表型等基础数据,对用不同个体取样方法以及不同数据类型建立的核心种质进行评价,目的是确定中国大豆(Glycine max)核心种质的最佳取样策略提供依据,结果表明,根据SSR分子数据聚类,采用类内随机取样,类内以遗传相似性系数取样以及仅依据遗传相似性系数取样都可用于大豆核心种质构建,但是综合不同评价参数发现,以类内随机取样最佳,类内按遗传相似性系数取样次之,单独以遗传相似性系数取样较差。分析不同SSR等位变异保留比例的遗传多样性指数发现,当保留90%和80%的SSR等位变异时,核心种质具有更高的遗传多样性,由于与SSR分子数据种质遗传关系评价的不一致性,农艺性状等基础数据虽然可用来构建核心种质,但其SSR分子水平代表性相对较低,本研究结果还表明,用不同方法或同一方法不同重复次数取样建立的核心种质具有异质性,且这种异质性随核心种质取样比例的降低而增大,因此,虽然可依据不同数据类型确定相应的方法建立核心种质,但综合表型和分子数据建立的核心种质更具有代表性。  相似文献   

9.
SSR分子标记在烟草研究中的应用进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
SSR分子标记技术作为最常用的分子标记技术之一,该标记技术重复性好,结果可靠,近年来在烟草遗传育种中展示了广阔的应用前景,是应用潜力较大的分子标记技术。介绍了SSR分子标记的原理及其分布特征,对其在烟草基因定位及分子标记辅助选择、种质资源研究、遗传图谱构建及种子纯度及真伪鉴定研究中的应用等方面进行了综述,并探讨了SSR分子标记技术在烟草遗传育种中的应用前景,以期为烟草SSR分子标记技术的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

10.
该研究主要开发筛选适用于杂交兰的EST-SSR引物,为杂交兰种质资源评价和遗传变异研究等提供可靠的分子标记。该研究对杂交兰进行转录组高通量测序,挖掘SSR位点和开发EST-SSR标记,并对不同种质的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明,从31724条杂交兰Unigene中检测出18603个SSR位点,SSR出现频率为58.64%;SSR位点中的主导类型是单核苷酸重复,占总SSR的65.10%,其次是二核苷酸(23.56%)和三核苷酸(10.76%)重复;优势重复基元为A/T、AG/CT、AT/AT和AAG/CTT,分别占总位点的64.72%、13.74%、8.19%和2.51%。利用Primer Premier 5.0共设计了565对SSR引物,从筛选出的64对有效扩增引物中随机选择28对引物,对40份杂交兰种质进行多态性验证与遗传关系分析,其中16对(占57.14%)引物表现出可重复的高多态性,平均多态信息量(PIC)达0.789。基于扩增的多态性SSR信息,40份种质资源可聚为4类,聚类结果与其遗传背景基本一致。该研究印证了转录组测序获得的Unigene是SSR标记开发的有效来源,开发的EST-SSR引物可为杂交兰及近缘种的良种鉴别、遗传图谱构建、分子标记辅助育种及功能基因挖掘等提供有价值的候选标记。  相似文献   

11.
Nuclear DNA Content Diversity in Chinese Soybean Introductions   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
Intraspecific nuclear DNA content has been documented in variousangiosperm species. The purpose of this study was to determinethe nuclear DNA content variation in soybean (Glycine max(L.)Merr.). Several studies have suggested that DNA content variationexists in soybean. Ninety soybean lines representing diversegeographic locations in China were analysed by flow cytometry.Nuclei were isolated and stained with either the fluorochromeDAPI or PI. After analysis, it was determined that PI stainednuclei more accurately assessed the total DNA content in soybean.A 12% variation in nuclear DNA content was observed among the90 lines. The amount of nuclear DNA in the lines was withinthe DNA range of United States cultivars previously examined.Nuclear DNA content variation in soybean is much less than thevariation reported in maize. These results could be due to thelack of polymorphism in large chromosomal elements containinglarge blocks of repetitive DNA. In addition, unlike maize, theamounts of DNA variation did not decrease as a result of moreintensive breeding in United States cultivars. Intraspecificnuclear DNA content variability is very different between thesetwo major agronomic species. Glycine max(L.) Merr.; germplasm; genome size  相似文献   

12.
Double-stranded soybean leghemoglobin DNA was synthesized from leghemoglobin mRNA isolated from soybean nodules. The dsDNA was inserted into the Bam H1 site of plasmid pBR322 using the poly-dAT-joiner method. A cloned DNA fragment of one recombinant plasmid was isolated and characterized by restriction endonuclease digestion. The restriction cleavage map and the DNA sequence of a selected part of the inserted DNA are in complete accordance with the amino-acid sequence of soybean leghemoglobin.  相似文献   

13.
A new real-time PCR method using capturing oligo-immobilized PCR tubes is described. This method was used to detect specific genes for soybean and genetically modified (GM) soybean in food matrices. In a standard reaction using soybean genomic DNA and a capturing oligo for the lectin gene (Le1) immobilized on the tube, we examined the effects of such hybridization conditions as the location, length, and amount of the capturing oligo, and the incubation time and temperature. Under optimized conditions, the copy number of Le1 was determined in a concentration-dependent manner from soybean genomic DNA and soybean lysate (DNA 10-1000 ng, r=0.99; lysate 1-100%, r=0.99). The copy number of a Roundup Ready soybean (RRS) gene was also successfully detected in a concentration-dependent manner (1-100%, r=0.99) from GM soybean lysate, using PCR tubes with an immobilized capturing oligo for the transgene. Our data indicate that this is a rapid and simple method to determine specific genes for soybean and GM soybean in food matrices.  相似文献   

14.
The 5S rRNA gene of the soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. has been cloned on a 556-bp fragment of DNA and sequenced. This fragment contains two copies of the soybean 5S rDNA sequence, one intact and one truncated, separated by noncoding DNA. We have used this clone to investigate the organization of the 5S genes within the soybean genome and the extent of their methylation. Our results demonstrate that soybean 5S genes are clustered, organized into tandem repeats of 330 bp, and extensively methylated. Hybridization of the 5S sequence to Southern transfers of soybean DNA digested with BamHI reveals a striking ladderlike pattern. Hybridization of the soybean 5S sequence to a wide variety of plant DNAs results in similar patterns, suggesting that the 5S rDNA sequence, gene organization, and methylation pattern are conserved in many higher plants.  相似文献   

15.
16.
离子束介导大豆DNA转化小麦后代高蛋白株的RAPD标记分析   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
利用离子束介导法将大豆DNA导入小麦,经过连续4代田间筛选和蛋白含量测定,获得高蛋白变异株系.采用RAPD分析技术,用34条随机引物对供体大豆、受体小麦和3个高蛋白小麦变异株的基因组DNA进行扩增.有29个引物扩增出清晰稳定的条带,其中18个引物扩增出的条带有不同程度的差异.高蛋白小麦突变株与受体小麦(对照)相比出现了条带的增加、缺失、扩增带深浅等变化,也出现了与受体小麦不同而与供体大豆相同的扩增带.实验结果表明,外源大豆DNA导入受体小麦可以引起后代基因组DNA序列变化,扩大小麦遗传基础.  相似文献   

17.
抽提大豆各组织总DNA方法的比较研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 抽提大豆各组织总DNA方法的比较研究忻骅袁卫明顾其敏(上海复旦大学生物化学系,上海200433)十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)选择性沉淀DNA的方法被广泛用于抽提生物组织,特别是植物组织的总DNA,它简便快速,所得DNA的纯度好,适用于进一步的酶切...  相似文献   

18.
Methods are described by which ribosomal DNA can be enriched in subcellular fractions of carrot and soybean. With both carrot and cucumber it was possible to obtain a distinct satellite DNA which contained the rDNA. Hybridization values greater than 0.49% were necessary before a satellite component was observed. Saturation hybridization values for soybean, carrot, and cucumber DNA were 0.2, 0.49, and 1.14%, respectively. These values were increased 1.6- and 2-fold in soybean and carrot, respectively, but enrichment was not obtained for cucumber.  相似文献   

19.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of purified soybean agglutinin on performance and nitrogen digestibility in rats as well as to determine its effects on the protein, DNA and RNA content of the small intestine and pancreas. Twenty-four Sprague - Dawley rats were randomly allotted into one of four groups for a 10-day nitrogen balance experiment. The four groups of rats were fed 7 g of a casein-cornstarch based diet or a similar diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 mg/g purified soybean agglutinin. All experimental diets were adjusted to an identical nutrient level. Dose of soybean agglutinin had no significant effect on rat performance. Incorporation of soybean agglutinin in the diet reduced apparent protein digestibility and the utilization of dietary protein by increasing nitrogen loss from the faeces and urine. Fresh pancreatic weight increased in rats fed soybean agglutinin at a level of 0.4 mg/g in the diet compared to the control, but the dry pancreatic weight and the protein content of the pancreas did not differ among the four groups. However the DNA and RNA content of the pancreas had a tendency to increase with a higher level of soybean agglutinin. The weight of the jejunum and its protein, DNA and RNA content were not significantly affected by soybean agglutinin, but the dry weight and the RNA of the jejunum tended to increase with higher levels of soybean agglutinin in the diet. In conclusion, purified soybean agglutinin, at moderate levels in the rats diet, had negative effects on digestive function, such as nitrogen digestibility, nitrogen retention and nitrogen balance. As the level of soybean agglutinin increased, the effects became more pronounced. Meanwhile, hypertrophy of the pancreas was observed with higher doses of soybean agglutinin incorporation in the diets.  相似文献   

20.
Summary A cloned cDNA partial copy of a soybean leghemoglobin mRNA was used to probe genomic DNA of four species of actinorhizal plants. Southern blot hybridization revealed the presence of sequences with homology to the leghemoglobin probe in DNA from Alnus glutinosa, Casuarina glauca, Ceanothus americanus and Elaeagnus pungens. The hybridization patterns of the restriction fragments revealed some fragment size conservation between the DNA of soybean and the DNA of four actinorhizal plants which are taxonomically unrelated to soybean or to each other. The results presented here indicate that globin gene sequences are much more widely distributed in the plant kingdom than has previously been thought. Furthermore, if sequence conservation is actually as high as the restriction fragment patterns suggest, the evolution of the DNA surrounding the globin sequences has been highly constrained.  相似文献   

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