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1.
采用胶原酶消化法和胰蛋白酶选择性消化法分离、培养和纯化牛乳腺上皮细胞。形态学观察表明,培养的细胞具有典型的上皮细胞形态特征;染色体分析结果表明,培养的细胞具有正常的染色体数目。通过荧光免疫细胞染色方法鉴定了培养的细胞表达上皮细胞特异的角蛋白5和8。该细胞在添加胰岛素、氢化可的松以及羊催乳素的无血清培养液中诱导培养时,用RT-PCR方法检测到了β-酪蛋白基因的转录。这些结果表明,分离培养的细胞是乳腺上皮细胞,这些细胞在诱导培养的条件下能够转录表达β-酪蛋白。  相似文献   

2.
奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞的分离、培养及鉴定   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
应用组织块培养法高密度培养、连续传代法建立西农萨能奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞体外培养体系,通过生长曲线绘制、核型分析、免疫荧光染色 (角蛋白、上皮膜抗原、波形蛋白、β-酪蛋白)、油红染色及β-酪蛋白基因的RT-PCR分析进行培养细胞鉴定。实验结果表明细胞生长曲线为典型的S型,染色体数目众数为60,细胞角蛋白、上皮膜抗原、波形蛋白、β-酪蛋白表达均呈阳性,油红染色后可见细胞质内的脂滴,且细胞表达酪蛋白mRNA。说明运用本方法培养的细胞为正常的乳腺上皮细胞,并具有一定的泌乳功能。  相似文献   

3.
本研究旨在建立牦牛乳腺上皮细胞体外培养体系.采用胶原酶消化法成功地建立了牦牛乳腺上皮细胞系(YMEC),通过免疫细胞化学、超微结构观察和RT-PCR法对YMEC细胞进行了鉴定,并研究了其形态、活力、生长曲线以及核型等生物学特性.结果表明,YMEC细胞染色体2n =60,群体倍增时间为45~48 h,持续培养25代后出现细胞分化;细胞呈典型的“铺路石样”形态,其表面有丰富的微绒毛,细胞质内含丰富的线粒体和粗面内质网.污染检测结果为阴性.在激素诱导培养时,检测到了β-酪蛋白mRNA的表达.表明本研究成功建立了保留泌乳功能的牦牛乳腺上皮细胞系,为研究牦牛乳腺上皮细胞的功能提供了理想的工具.  相似文献   

4.
αS1酪蛋白是牛乳中含量最高的酪蛋白.本研究克隆了牛αS1酪蛋白5′调控序列约1.2kb的片段,应用基因重组技术将其插入lacZ基因上游,构建真核表达载体gαs1p-psv.胶原酶消化法对奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞进行了分离培养,并用免疫荧光法鉴定了乳腺上皮细胞.将重组载体转染奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞,在细胞培养液中,转染后24h可以检测到lacZ基因的表达,之后表达水平有逐渐升高的趋势,72h开始降低,144h降到最低;在细胞破碎液中,转染后24h表达水平最高,之后表达水平有逐渐降低的趋势,144h降到最低.转染细胞的第1代表达水平最高,随细胞传代表达水平降低,传到第3代时基本检测不到表达产物.对转染后的细胞进行了β-半乳糖苷酶原位细胞染色.实验证明,得到的牛αS1酪蛋白5′调控序列能指导外源基因在奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞中表达.  相似文献   

5.
将牛αS1-酪蛋白5′调控序列约1.2 kb的片段,连接到含SV40启动子调控下β-半乳糖苷酶基因(LacZ)的PSV载体上,做为启动子,在其后连接0.76 kb的人α-乳白蛋白基因(α-LA),构建真核表达载体 αS1-LA-psv.采用组织块接种法,培养奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,经传代纯化后,对细胞接种存活率、群体倍增时间、生长曲线、形态学等生物学性状进行检测,用免疫荧光细胞染色法对培养的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞进行角蛋白18鉴定,结果表明,成功建立奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系,细胞传至20代以上时仍保持旺盛的增殖活力.将构建的真核表达载体 αS1-LA-psv 转染奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,培养24~120 h均检测到了β-半乳糖苷酶的表达;培养72 h检测到细胞中人α-乳白蛋白的表达,表达量约为0.64 g/L.实验结果表明,建立的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系具有外源基因表达活性,得到的牛αS1-酪蛋白5′调控序列能作为启动子指导外源基因的表达,构建的真核表达载体能在体外培养的牛乳腺上皮细胞中同时表达人α-乳白蛋白和β-半乳糖苷酶.  相似文献   

6.
将牛αS1-酪蛋白5′调控序列约1.2 kb的片段,连接到含SV40启动子调控下β-半乳糖苷酶基因(LaeZ)的PSV载体上,做为肩动子,在其后连接0.76kb的人仅α-乳白蛋白基凼(α-LA),构建真核表达载体αS1-LA-psv.采用组织块接种法,培养奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,经传代纯化后,对细胞接种存活率、群体倍增时间、生长曲线、形态学等生物学性状进行检测,用免疫荧光细胞染色法对培养的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞进行角蛋白18鉴定,结果表明,成功建立奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系,细胞传至20代以上时仍保持旺盛的增殖活力.将构建的真核表达载体αS1-LA-psv转染奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,培养24~120h均检测到了β-半乳糖苷酶的表达;培养72 h检测到细胞中人α-乳白蛋白的表达,表达量约为0.64 g/L.实验结果表明,建它的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系具有外源基因表达活性,得到的牛αS1-酪蛋白5′调控序列能作为启动子指导外源基因的表达,构建的真核表达载体能在体外培养的牛乳腺上皮细胞中同时表达人α-乳白蛋白和β-半乳糖苷酶.  相似文献   

7.
将牛αS1-酪蛋白5'调控序列约1.2kb的片段,连接到含SV40启动子调控下β-半乳糖苷酶基因(LacZ)的PSV载体上,做为启动子,在其后连接0.76kb的人α-乳白蛋白基因(α-LA),构建真核表达载体αS1-LA-psv.采用组织块接种法,培养奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,经传代纯化后,对细胞接种存活率、群体倍增时间、生长曲线、形态学等生物学性状进行检测,用免疫荧光细胞染色法对培养的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞进行角蛋白18鉴定,结果表明,成功建立奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系,细胞传至20代以上时仍保持旺盛的增殖活力.将构建的真核表达载体αS1-LA-psv转染奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,培养24~120h均检测到了β-半乳糖苷酶的表达;培养72h检测到细胞中人α-乳白蛋白的表达,表达量约为0.64g/L.实验结果表明,建立的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系具有外源基因表达活性,得到的牛αS1-酪蛋白5'调控序列能作为启动子指导外源基因的表达,构建的真核表达载体能在体外培养的牛乳腺上皮细胞中同时表达人α-乳白蛋白和β-半乳糖苷酶.  相似文献   

8.
采用组织块法、胰酶差速消化法分离了人溶菌酶(hLYZ)转基因山羊的乳腺上皮细胞,建立了转基因羊乳腺上皮细胞(TGMEC)的体外培养体系,并对其生长与体外分泌特性进行了分析。研究显示其体外生长曲线符合典型的S型,传代期间二倍体染色体数正常;通过免疫荧光染色、RT-PCR发现该细胞能表达上皮细胞所特有的角蛋白18,并能表达内源性乳蛋白(酪蛋白与乳球蛋白);进一步通过酶联免疫试验发现该乳腺上皮细胞在体外培养中可持续稳定地分泌重组人溶菌酶。由此获得的人溶菌酶转基因羊乳腺上皮细胞系为乳腺生物反应器研究提供了一个重要细胞膜型。  相似文献   

9.
目的利用TALE-TFs,在小鼠成纤维细胞中激活β-酪蛋白基因启动子,为检测β-酪蛋白基因启动子—目的基因表达框的表达结果,提供一种检测途径。方法将构建的TALE-TFs和β-酪蛋白基因启动子—Red报告基因质粒电转染进入小鼠成纤维细胞,通过荧光显微镜直接观察报告基因表达情况。结果与结论利用TALE人工转录因子,在小鼠成纤维细胞中能够激活β-酪蛋白基因启动子表达框,为替代乳腺上皮细胞表达验证系统提供了新的途径。  相似文献   

10.
αS1酪蛋白是牛乳中含量最高的酪蛋白.本研究克隆了牛αS1酪蛋白5′调控序列约1.2 kb的片段,应用基因重组技术将其插入 lacZ 基因上游,构建真核表达载体gαs1p psv.胶原酶消化法对奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞进行了分离培养,并用免疫荧光法鉴定了乳腺上皮细胞. 将重组载体转染奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞,在细胞培养液中,转染后24 h可以检测到 lacZ 基因的表达,之后表达水平有逐渐升高的趋势,72 h开始降低,144 h降到最低;在细胞破碎液中,转染后24 h表达水平最高,之后表达水平有逐渐降低的趋势,144 h降到最低.转染细胞的第1代表达水平最高,随细胞传代表达水平降低,传到第3代时基本检测不到表达产物. 对转染后的细胞进行了β 半乳糖苷酶原位细胞染色. 实验证明,得到的牛αS1酪蛋白5′调控序列能指导外源基因在奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞中表达.  相似文献   

11.
Several previous studies have demonstrated that mammary epithelial cells from pregnant mice retain their differentiated characteristics and their secretory potential in culture only when maintained on stromal collagen gels floated in the culture medium. The cellular basis for these culture requirements was investigated by the monitoring of milk protein synthesis and polarized secretion from the mouse mammary epithelial cell line, COMMA-1-D. Experiments were directed towards gaining an understanding of the possible roles of cell-extracellular matrix interactions and the requirements for meeting polarity needs of the epithelium. When cells are cultured on floating collagen gels they assemble a basal lamina-like structure composed of laminin, collagen (IV), and heparan sulfate proteoglycan at the interface of the cells with the stromal collagen. To assess the role of these components, an exogenous basement membrane containing these molecules was generated using the mouse endodermal cell line, PFHR-9. This matrix was isolated as a thin sheet attached to the culture dish, and mammary cells were then plated onto it. It was found that cultures on attached PFHR-9 matrices expressed slightly higher levels of beta-casein than did cells on plastic tissue culture dishes, and also accumulated a large number of fat droplets. However, the level of beta-casein was approximately fourfold lower than that in cultures on floating collagen gels. Moreover, the beta-casein made in cells on attached matrices was not secreted but was instead rapidly degraded intracellularly. If, however, the PFHR-9 matrices with attached cells were floated in the culture medium, beta-casein expression became equivalent to that in cells cultured on floating stromal collagen gels, and the casein was also secreted into the medium. The possibility that floatation of the cultures was necessary to allow access to the basolateral surface of cells was tested by culturing cells on nitrocellulose filters in Millicell (Millipore Corp., Bedford, MA) chambers. These chambers permit the monolayers to interact with the medium and its complement of hormones and growth factors through the basal cell surface. Significantly, under these conditions alpha 1-, alpha 2-, and beta-casein synthesis was equivalent to that in cells on floating gels and matrices, and, additionally, the caseins were actively secreted. Similar results were obtained independently of whether or not the filters were coated with matrices.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

12.
Lipotropes alter casein gene expression in bovine mammary acinar culture   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Lipotropes (methyl group containing nutrients, including methionine and choline, folic acid, and vitamin B(12)) are essential for cell proliferation and differentiation of mammary tissues. Lipotropes interact in the supply and regulation of intracellular methyl group pools, thereby affecting synthesis and methylation of DNA. To determine the effect of lipotropes on milk protein gene expression, acini isolated from mammary tissues of lactating cows were cultured in one of three treatment media: (1) control, (2) lipotrope deficient, and (3) lipotrope supplemented. beta-Casein mRNA was determined by Northern blotting, and milk protein secretion was measured by a pulse-chase method. The level of beta-casein mRNA was lower in cells grown in lipotrope-deficient medium than in cells grown in the lipotrope-supplemented and control media. Acinar cells cultured in lipotrope-deficient medium also had approximately threefold less milk protein secretion than that of cells in either control or lipotrope-supplemented media. Protein secretion did not differ in the control and lipotrope-supplemented groups. The present study indicates that lipotrope deficiency suppresses total protein secretion and beta-casein gene expression in bovine mammary alveolar epithelial cells in culture.  相似文献   

13.
14.
Mammary epithelial differentiation is the culmination of responses to a complex sequence of hormonal stimuli. An in vitro model for this process should retain the basic features of in vivo epithelial differentiation. The IM-2 mouse mammary cell line responds to lactogenic hormone stimulation by synthesizing the milk protein beta-casein. Epithelial and fibroblastic clones derived from IM-2 lack this ability, but cocultures of these clones regain responsiveness to lactogenic hormone stimulation. Studies of the epithelial cell clone 31E under various culture conditions reveal that the role of fibroblastic cells in supporting synthesis and secretion of beta-casein can be supplanted by culture in filter chambers without addition of exogenous extracellular matrix components. Electron microscopic and immunofluorescence studies show that, under these conditions, 31E epithelial cells exhibit the morphology and intercellular organization characteristic of mammary epithelium. Transepithelial electrical resistance measurements indicate that the cells are well polarized. Analysis of glucose metabolism is consistent with this polarization; glucose is utilized from the basal chamber, and lactate is excreted into the basal chamber. Immunoblot analysis demonstrates the vectorial protein secretion expected of polarized mammary epithelium: laminin is secreted into the basal chamber, whereas beta-casein is secreted into the apical chamber in response to lactogenic hormone stimulation from the lower chamber. Thus, the maintenance of a polarized intercellular organization that permits access of the basolateral cell surface to nutrients is sufficient for a pure culture of an established mammary epithelial cell clone to retain differentiated epithelial function in vitro.  相似文献   

15.
Mouse glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule 1 (GlyCAM-1), also known as mC26 and homologous to bovine PP3, is a milk protein synthesized in the mammary gland. Several studies have investigated the regulation of casein, the major milk protein, gene in the mammary gland, but little is known about GlyCAM-1. Here we examined GlyCAM-1 gene expression in mouse mammary epithelial cells. First, we detected GlyCAM-1 expression in mammary epithelial cells in situ by immunohistochemistry; almost all mammary epithelial cells of the lactating mouse expressed GlyCAM-1. Second, mammary epithelial cells were digested with collagenase and cultured with insulin, prolactin and/or glucocorticoid. alpha-Casein and beta-casein genes were expressed following treatment with insulin, prolactin and glucocorticoid. In contrast, GlyCAM-1 expression could not be detected with any combination of these three hormones. We also analyzed changes in the levels of GlyCAM-1 and caseins mRNAs in cultured cells. The addition of hormones to the culture medium increased casein mRNAs, but surprisingly reduced GlyCAM-1 mRNA. Our results suggest that the mechanisms that regulate GlyCAM-1 gene in mammary cells of lactating mice are different from those involved in the regulation of casein genes.  相似文献   

16.
Mammary epithelial cells terminally differentiate in response to lactogenic hormones. We present evidence that oncoprotein overexpression is incompatible with this hormone-inducible differentiation and results in striking cellular morphological changes. In mammary epithelial cells in culture, lactogenic hormones (glucocorticoid and prolactin) activated a transfected beta-casein promoter and endogenous beta-casein gene expression. This response to lactogenic hormone treatment was paralleled by a decrease in cellular AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Expression of the mos, ras, or src (but not myc) oncogene blocked the activation of the beta-casein promoter induced by the lactogenic hormones and was associated with the maintenance of high levels of AP-1. Mos expression also increased c-fos and c-jun mRNA levels. Overexpression of Fos and Jun from transiently transfected constructs resulted in a functional inhibition of the glucocorticoid receptor in these mouse mammary epithelial cells. This finding clearly suggests that glucocorticoid receptor inhibition arising from oncogene expression will contribute to the block in hormonally induced mammary epithelial cell differentiation. Expression of Src resulted in the loss of the normal organization and morphological phenotype of mammary epithelial cells in the epithelial/fibroblastic line IM-2. Activation of a conditional c-fos/estrogen receptor gene encoding an estrogen-dependent Fos/estrogen receptor fusion protein also morphologically transformed mammary epithelial cells and inhibited initiation of mammary epithelial differentiation-associated expression of the beta-casein and WDNM 1 genes. In response to estrogen treatment, the cells displayed a high level of AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Our results demonstrate that high cellular AP-1 levels contribute to blocking the ability of mammary epithelial cells in culture to respond to lactogenic hormones. This and other studies indicate that the oncogene products Mos, Ras, and Src exert their effects, at least in part, by stimulating cellular Fos and probably cellular Jun activity.  相似文献   

17.
18.
Cell-cell interactions promote mammary epithelial cell differentiation   总被引:16,自引:6,他引:10  
Mammary epithelium differentiates in a stromal milieu of adipocytes and fibroblasts. To investigate cell-cell interactions that may influence mammary epithelial cell differentiation, we developed a co-culture system of murine mammary epithelium and adipocytes and other fibroblasts. Insofar as caseins are specific molecular markers of mammary epithelial differentiation, rat anti-mouse casein monoclonal antibodies were raised against the three major mouse casein components to study this interaction. Mammary epithelium from mid-pregnant mice was plated on confluent irradiated monolayers of 3T3-L1 cells, a subclone of the Swiss 3T3 cell line that differentiates into adipocytes in monolayer culture and other cell monolayers (3T3-C2 cells, Swiss 3T3 cells, and human foreskin fibroblasts). Casein was synthesized by mammary epithelium only in the presence of co-cultured cells and the lactogenic hormone combination of insulin, hydrocortisone, and prolactin. Synthesis and accumulation of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-mouse casein within the epithelium was shown by immunohistochemical staining of cultured cells with anti-casein monoclonal antibodies, and the specificity of the immunohistochemical reaction was demonstrated using immunoblots. A competitive immunoassay was used to measure the amount of casein secreted into the culture medium. In a 24-h period, mammary epithelium co-cultured with 3T3-L1 cells secreted 12-20 micrograms beta-casein per culture dish. There was evidence of specificity in the cell-cell interaction that mediates hormone-dependent casein synthesis. Swiss 3T3 cells, newborn foreskin fibroblasts, substrate-attached material ("extracellular matrix"), and tissue culture plastic did not support casein synthesis, whereas monolayers of 3T3-L1 and 3T3-C2 cells, a subclone of Swiss 3T3 cells that does not undergo adipocyte differentiation, did. We conclude that interaction between mammary epithelium and other specific nonepithelial cells markedly influences the acquisition of hormone sensitivity of the epithelium and hormone-dependent differentiation.  相似文献   

19.
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