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1.
Sohn Y Yoo KY Park OK Kwon SH Lee CH Choi JH Hwang IK Seo JY Cho JH Won MH 《Neurochemical research》2011,36(12):2459-2469
The maintenance of intracellular pH is important in neuronal function. Na+/HCO3
− cotransporter (NBC), a bicarbonate-dependent acid–base transport protein, may contribute to cellular acid–base homeostasis
in pathophysiological processes. We examined the alterations of NBC immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the hippocampal
CA1 region after transient cerebral ischemia in gerbils. In the sham-operated group, moderate NBC immunoreactivity was detected
in CA1 pyramidal neurons, and, 12 h after I/R, the immunoreactivity in the pyramidal neurons was markedly increased over controls.
Three days after I/R, NBC immunoreactivity nearly disappeared in the CA1 pyramidal neurons. However, NBC immunoreactivity
was detected in the non-pyramidal neurons of the ischemic CA1 region at 3 days after I/R. From double immunofluorescence study
with glial markers, NBC immunoreactivity was detected in astrocytes, not in microglia, at 4 days after I/R. NBC protein level
in the CA1 region was significantly increased at 12 h post-ischemia and significantly decreased at 2 days post-ischemia. Thereafter,
NBC protein level was again increased and returned to the level of the sham-operated group at 4 days post-ischemia. On the
other hand, treatment with 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonate (DIDS), an inorganic anion exchanger blocker including
Cl-bicarbonate exchanger, protected CA1 pyramidal neurons from I/R injury at 4 days post-ischemia. These results indicate
that changes in NBC expressions may play an important role in neuronal damage and astrocytosis induced by transient cerebral
ischemia. 相似文献
2.
Oxidative stress is a major pathogenic event occurring in several brain disorders and is a major cause of brain damage due
to ischemia/reperfusion. Thiol proteins are easily oxidized in cells exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present
study, we investigated transient ischemia-induced chronological changes in hyperoxidized peroxiredoxins (Prx-SO3) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH-SO3) immunoreactivity and protein levels in the gerbil hippocampus induced by 5 min of transient forebrain ischemia. Weak Prx-SO3 immunoreactivity is detected in the hippocampal CA1 region of the sham-operated group. Prx-SO3 immunoreactivity was significantly increased 12 h and 1 day after ischemia/reperfusion, and the immunoreactivity was decreased
to the level of the sham-operated group 2 days after ischemia/reperfusion. Prx-SO3 immunoreactivity in the 4 days post-ischemia group was increased again, and the immunoreactivity was expressed in glial components
for 5 days after ischemia/reperfusion. GAPDH-SO3 immunoreactivity was highest in the CA1 region 1 day after ischemia/reperfusion, the immunoreactivity was decreased 2 days
after ischemia/reperfusion. Four days after ischemia/reperfusion, GAPDH-SO3 immunoreactivity increased again, and the immunoreactivity began to be expressed in glial components from 5 days after ischemia/reperfusion.
Prx-SO3 and GAPDH-SO3 protein levels in the ischemic CA1 region were also very high 12 h and 1 day after ischemia/reperfusion and returned to the
level of the sham-operated group 3 days after ischemia/reperfusion. Their protein levels were increased again 5 days after
ischemia/reperfusion. In conclusion, Prx-SO3 and GAPDH-SO3 immunoreactivity and protein levels in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region are significantly increased 12 h-24 h after ischemia/reperfusion
and their immunoreactivity begins to be expressed in glial components from 4 or 5 days after ischemia/reperfusion. 相似文献
3.
Age-dependent studies on oligodendrocytes, which are the myelinating cells in the central nervous system, have been relatively
less investigated. We examined age-dependent changes in Rip immunoreactivity and its protein level in the gerbil hippocampus
during normal aging using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis with Rip antibody, an oligodendrocyte marker. Rip
immunoreactivity and its protein level in the hippocampal CA1 region significantly increased at postnatal month 3 (PM 3).
Thereafter, they decreased in the hippocampal CA1 region with age. At PM 24, Rip immunoreactive processes in the hippocampal
CA1 region markedly decreased in the stratum radiatum. In the hippocampal CA2/3 region and dentate gyrus, the pattern of changes
in Rip immunoreactivity and its protein level was similar to those in the hippocampal CA1 region; however, no significant
changes were found in the CA2/3 region and dentate gyrus at various age stages. These results indicate that Rip immunoreactivity
and protein level in the hippocampal CA1 region decreases significantly at PM 24 compared to the CA2/3 region and dentate
gyrus. 相似文献
4.
Choong Hyun Lee In Koo Hwang Ki-Yeon Yoo Jung Hoon Choi Ok Kyu Park Jae-Chul Lee Young-Gil Jeong In Se Lee Moo-Ho Won 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2009,29(5):665-672
The hippocampus is associated with learning and memory function and shows neurochemical changes in aging processes. Calbindin
D-28k (CB) binds calcium ion with a fast association rate. We examined age-related changes in CB immunoreactivity and its
protein level in the gerbil hippocampus during normal aging. In the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and CA2, CB immunoreaction
was found in some neurons in the stratum pyramidale (SP) at postnatal month 1 (PM 1). CB immunoreactivity in neurons was markedly
increased at PM 3. Thereafter, CB immunoreactivity was decreased with time: CB-immunoreactive (+) neurons were fewest at PM 24. In the CA3, a few CB+ neurons were found only in the SP at PM 1 and in the stratum radiatum at PM 18 and 24. In addition, mossy fibers were stained
with CB at PM 1. CB immunoreactivity in mossy fibers was markedly increased at PM 3, thereafter it was decreased with time.
In the dentate gyrus, many granule cells (GC) in the granule cell layer were stained with CB at PM 1. CB immunoreactivity
in GC was markedly increased at PM 3, thereafter CB immunoreactivity was decreased with time. In Western blot analysis, CB
protein level in the gerbil hippocampus was highest at PM 3, thereafter CB protein levels were decreased with time. This result
indicates that CB in the gerbil hippocampus is abundant at PM 3 and is decreased with age. 相似文献
5.
6.
Summary. The neurotoxicity of domoic acid was studied in 2–3 week old rat hippocampal slice cultures, derived from 7 day old rat pups.
Domoic acid 0.1–100 μM was added to the culture medium for 48 hrs, alone or together with the glutamate receptor antagonists NS-102 (5-Nitro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[G]indole-2,3-dione-3-oxime),
NBQX (2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulphamoyl-benzo(F)quinoxaline) or MK-801 ((+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]-cyclohepten-5,10-imine
hydrogen maleate), followed by transfer of the cultures to normal medium for additional 48 hrs. Neuronal degeneration in the
fascia dentata (FD), CA3 and CA1 hippocampal subfields was monitored and EC50 values estimated by densitometric measurements of the cellular uptake of propidium iodide (PI). The CA1 region was most sensitive
to domoic acid, with an EC50 value of 6 μM domoic acid, estimated from the PI-uptake at 72 hrs. Protective effects of 10 μM NBQX against 3 and 10 μM domoic acid were observed for both dentate granule cells and CA1 and CA3c pyramidal cells. NS102 and MK 801 only displayed
protective effects when combined with NBQX. MK801 significantly increased the combined neuroprotective effect of NBQX and
NS102 against 10 μM domoic acid in both CA1 and FD, but not in CA3. We conclude, that domoic acid neurotoxicity in CA3 and in hippocampal slice
cultures in general primarily involves AMPA/kainate receptors. At high concentrations (10 μM domic acid) NMDA receptors are, however, also involved in the toxicity in CA1 and FD.
Received June 29, 2001 Accepted August 6, 2001 Published online June 3, 2002 相似文献
7.
Chan Woo Park Ki-Yeon Yoo In Koo Hwang Jung Hoon Choi Choong Hyun Lee Ok Kyu Park Jun Hwi Cho Yun Lyul Lee Hyung-Cheul Shin Moo-Ho Won 《Neurochemical research》2009,34(12):2154-2162
The insulin receptor has been reported to be associated with memory formation via the hippocampus. In this study, we observed
age-related changes in the insulin receptor β immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the hippocampus of gerbils of various
ages in order to identify the correlation between the insulin receptor β and aging processes in the hippocampus. Insulin receptor
β immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the molecular and polymorphic layers of the dentate gyrus, and in mossy fibers,
Schaffer collaterals, alveus and stratum lacunosum-moleculare of the hippocampus proper (CA1-3) of gerbils at postnatal month
1 (PM 1). Insulin receptor β immunoreactivity decreased with age in all of these structures, except for the alveus. Reduction
of the insulin receptor β immunoreactivity was prominent in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus at PM 6 and in the stratum
lacunosum-moleculare of the CA1 region at PM 12, while insulin receptor β immunoreactivity was decreased in other regions
in the PM 18 groups. In addition, insulin receptor β protein level in the whole hippocampus was slightly increased at PM 3,
and it decreased in an age-dependent manner from PM 6 to PM 24. These reductions of the insulin receptor β in the hippocampus
may be associated with age-related memory deficits in gerbils. 相似文献
8.
Félix Luis Núñez‐Santana Myongsoo Matthew Oh Marcia Diana Antion Amy Lee Johannes Wilhelm Hell John Francis Disterhoft 《Aging cell》2014,13(1):111-120
Age‐related increase in L‐type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) expression in hippocampal pyramidal neurons has been hypothesized to underlie the increased Ca2+ influx and subsequent reduced intrinsic neuronal excitability of these neurons that lead to age‐related cognitive deficits. Here, using specific antibodies against Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 subunits of LTCCs, we systematically re‐examined the expression of these proteins in the hippocampus from young (3 to 4 month old) and aged (30 to 32 month old) F344xBN rats. Western blot analysis of the total expression levels revealed significant reductions in both Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 subunits from all three major hippocampal regions of aged rats. Despite the decreases in total expression levels, surface biotinylation experiments revealed significantly higher proportion of expression on the plasma membrane of Cav1.2 in the CA1 and CA3 regions and of Cav1.3 in the CA3 region from aged rats. Furthermore, the surface biotinylation results were supported by immunohistochemical analysis that revealed significant increases in Cav1.2 immunoreactivity in the CA1 and CA3 regions of aged hippocampal pyramidal neurons. In addition, we found a significant increase in the level of phosphorylated Cav1.2 on the plasma membrane in the dentate gyrus of aged rats. Taken together, our present findings strongly suggest that age‐related cognitive deficits cannot be attributed to a global change in L‐type channel expression nor to the level of phosphorylation of Cav1.2 on the plasma membrane of hippocampal neurons. Rather, increased expression and density of LTCCs on the plasma membrane may underlie the age‐related increase in L‐type Ca2+ channel activity in CA1 pyramidal neurons. 相似文献
9.
Choi JH Hwang IK Lee CH Chung DW Yoo KY Li H Won MH Seong JK Yoon YS Lee IS 《Neurochemical research》2008,33(3):562-568
Corticosteroids are important factors in the maintenance of homeostasis in the brain. They are regulated via the interaction
with two corticosteroid receptor systems—the mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In the present study,
we observed age-related changes in serum cortisol levels, and immunoreactivities and protein levels of MR and GR in the hippocampal
CA1 region and dentate gyrus. The serum cortisol levels were significantly high (about twofold) in the aged group compared
to that in the adult group. In the adult dog (2–3 years old), MR and GR immunoreactivity was detected in neurons in the pyramidal
layer of the CA1 region, and in the granular and multiform layers of the dentate gyrus. In the aged dog (10–12 years old),
MR immunoreactivity in the CA1 region was significantly decreased, especially, in the dentate multiform layer. In contrast,
GR immunoreactivity in the aged dog was slightly decreased in the CA1 region and dentate gyrus. In the Western blot analysis,
MR protein level in the aged dog was significantly lower compared to that of the adult dog; GR protein level in the aged dog
was not significantly decreased. This result indicates that the reduction of MR immunoreactivity and protein level in the
hippocampus of the aged dog may be associated with neural dysfunction in the aged hippocampus. 相似文献
10.
Yasuhiro Fukushima Minoru Tsukada Ichiro Tsuda Yutaka Yamaguti Shigeru Kuroda 《Cognitive neurodynamics》2007,1(4):305-316
To clarify how the information of spatiotemporal sequence of the hippocampal CA3 affects the postsynaptic membrane potentials
of single pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1, the spatio-temporal stimuli was delivered to Schaffer collaterals of the
CA3 through a pair of electrodes and the post-synaptic membrane potentials were recorded using the patch-clamp recording method.
The input–output relations were sequentially analyzed by applying two measures; “spatial clustering” and its “self-similarity”
index. The membrane potentials were hierarchically clustered in a self-similar manner to the input sequences. The property
was significantly observed at two and three time-history steps. In addition, the properties were maintained under two different
stimulus conditions, weak and strong current stimulation. The experimental results are discussed in relation to theoretical
results of Cantor coding, reported by Tsuda (Behav Brain Sci 24(5):793–847, 2001) and Tsuda and Kuroda (Jpn J Indust Appl Math 18:249–258, 2001; Cortical dynamics, pp 129–139, Springer-Verlag, 2004). 相似文献
11.
Hwang IK Ahn JH Yoo DY Lee CH Yoo KY Choi JH Moon SM Shin HC Won MH 《Neurochemical research》2012,37(3):480-486
The activation of caspase-3 is considered to be a reliable marker for apoptotic cell death, and a 120-kDa fragment of αII-spectrin
is generated by caspase-3 mediated cleavage of this structural protein. In the present study, we compared cleaved αII-spectrin
(120-kDa) and cleaved caspase-3-immunoreactive cells and their protein levels in the cervical (C5–C6) and lumbar (L3–L4) levels of the spinal cord in adult (1–2 year-old) and aged (10–12 year-old) dogs (German shepherds). Weak cleaved αII-spectrin
and cleaved caspase-3 immunoreactivity was found in neurons of the adult group; however, their immunoreactivity was distinctively
increased in the neuronal cytoplasm in the aged group compared to those in the adult group, although the distribution pattern
of their neurons was similar between the adult and age group. In addition, cleaved αII-spectrin and cleaved caspase-3 levels
in the aged spinal cord were markedly increased compared to those in the adult group. These findings suggest that the increases
of cleaved αII-spectrin and cleaved caspase-3 immunoreactivity may be related to aging of the spinal cord in dogs. 相似文献
12.
Choong Hyun Lee Ki-Yeon Yoo Jung Hoon Choi Ok Kyu Park In Koo Hwang Il-Jun Kang Moo-Ho Won 《Neurochemical research》2010,35(1):99-106
Cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2) is not only related to inflammation but also plays critical roles in brain development and synaptic
signaling. In the present study, we investigated age-related changes in COX-2 immunoreactivity and protein levels in the gerbil
hippocampus. In the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and dentate gyrus (DG), weak COX-2 immunoreactivity was observed at postnatal
month 1 (PM 1), and COX-2 immunoreactivity was markedly increased at PM 18 and 24. In the CA2/3, COX-2 immunoreactivity was
strong at PM 1. COX-2 immunoreactivities in the PM 3, 6 and 12 groups were decreased compared to that in the PM 1 group, and
it was increased at PM 18 and 24. In addition, age-related changes in COX-2 levels were similar with immunohistochemical results
in the CA2/3. These results suggest that COX-2 immunoreactivity and levels were high in the hippocampus of aged gerbils. 相似文献
13.
As is known, an increase in the concentration of Са2+ in the nuclei of nerve cells leads to activation of genes responsible for the formation of long-lasting postsynaptic changes;
mechanisms of memory and learning are based on such changes. The pathways necessary for the entry of calcium into the nuclei
of hippocampal pyramidal neurons remained unstudied. Using a patch-clamp technique, we studied what types of calcium channels
exist in the membranes of isolated nuclei of pyramidal neurons of the hippocampal СА1 area. In the inner nuclear membrane of these cells, we, for the first time, found inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) activated by inositol trisphosphate applied in the concentration of ≥0.1 μM. The conductivity of single channels of such
receptors was, on average, 366 pS; these channels were permeable for both monovalent and bivalent cations. Our data indicate
that the nuclear envelope of pyramidal neurons of the hippocampal СА1 area can play the role of the calcium store from which Са2+ enter the cell nucleus directly.
Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 288–292, July–August, 2008. 相似文献
14.
Hippocampal interneurons are local circuit neurons which are responsible for inhibitory activity in the hippocampus. Parvalbumin
(PV) is one of useful markers for GABAergic interneurons, not for principle cells, in the hippocampus. In the present study,
we investigated age-related changes in PV immunoreactive neurons and protein levels in the gerbil hippocampus during normal
aging. PV immunoreactive neurons were detected in all hippocampal subregions of all groups. PV immunoreactive neurons, which
innervated principal neurons, were non-pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1-3 regions, and were polymorphic neurons in
the dentate gyrus. In the hippocampal CA1 region, the number of PV immunoreactive neurons was significantly reduced in the
postnatal month 3 (PM 3) group, which was sustained by PM 18, and, at PM 24, the number of PV immunoreactive neurons was significantly
decreased. In the CA2/3 region and dentate gyrus, the number of PV immunoreactive neurons was significantly decreased at PM
6: Thereafter, the number of PV immunoreactive neurons was sustained until PM 24. In addition, changes in PV protein levels
in the gerbil hippocampus were similar to immunohistochemical changes during normal aging: PV protein levels were significantly
decreased with age by PM 6: Thereafter, PV protein levels were sustained by PM 24. These results suggest that PV immunoreactive
interneurons were decreased in the hippocampus with age in gerbils. 相似文献
15.
Yuan‐Jian Yang Peng‐Fei Wu Li‐Hong Long Dan‐Fang Yu Wen‐Ning Wu Zhuang‐Li Hu Hui Fu Na Xie You Jin Lan Ni Jian‐Zhi Wang Fang Wang Jian‐Guo Chen 《Aging cell》2010,9(5):709-721
Deficits in learning and memory accompanied by age‐related neurodegenerative diseases are closely related to the impairment of synaptic plasticity. In this study, we investigated the role of thiol redox status in the modulation of the N‐methyl‐d ‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR)‐dependent long‐term potentiation (LTP) in CA1 areas of hippocampal slices. Our results demonstrated that the impaired LTP induced by aging could be reversed by acute administration of reductants that can regulate thiol redox status directly, such as dithiothreitol or β‐mercaptoethanol, but not by classical anti‐oxidants such as vitamin C or trolox. This repair was mediated by the recruitment of aging‐related deficits in NMDAR function induced by these reductants and was mimicked by glutathione, which can restore the age‐associated alterations in endogenous thiol redox status. Moreover, antioxidant prevented but failed to reverse H2O2‐induced impairment of NMDAR‐mediated synaptic plasticity. These results indicate that the restoring of thiol redox status may be a more effective strategy than the scavenging of oxidants in the treatment of pre‐existing oxidative injury in learning and memory. 相似文献
16.
Yi-Qun Geng 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,396(4):866-869
To investigate the activity of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-GAL) in the hippocampus of aging rats. Hippocampi of 6-, 18-, and 24-month-old rats were observed by histochemical staining for SA-beta-GAL and cytochemical staining for SA-beta-GAL in cultured hippocampal neurons. The activity of SA-beta-GAL doubled in hippocampal pyramidal cells of the CA3 region in rats between 6 and 18 months (14.57 ± 2.74% vs. 31.66 ± 14.12% SA-beta-GAL-positive, respectively), and reached 50.76 ± 14.41% positive at 24 months. The activity of SA-beta-GAL also increased as a function of time upon prolonged culture of cultured hippocampal neurons with 95% of cells being SA-beta-GAL-positive at 20 days in vitro. Interestingly, no SA-beta-GAL-positive cells were found in neurons of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, a neurogenic region of the brain, at any age examined. SA-beta-GAL can be used as a senescence biomarker in determining senescent neurons in hippocampal pyramidal cells of the CA3 region in advanced aging. 相似文献
17.
Expression and changes of endogenous insulin-like growth factor-1 in neurons and glia in the gerbil hippocampus and dentate gyrus after ischemic insult 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Hwang IK Yoo KY Park SK An SJ Lee JY Choi SY Kang JH Kwon YG Kang TC Won MH 《Neurochemistry international》2004,45(1):149-156
In the present study, we focused upon expression and changes of endogenous insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil after ischemic insult. In sham-operated animals, IGF-1 immunoreactivity was absent from the hippocampus. IGF-1-immunoreactive (IR) neurons were detected at 12 h and 1 day after ischemic insult. In the hippocampal CA1 area, the IGF-IR neurons were non-pyramidal cells (GABAergic neurons). In the hippocampal CA2/3 areas, the IGF-1-IR neurons were pyramidal and non-pyramidal cells, and in the dentate gyrus the IGF-1-IR neurons were hilar neurons. Four days after ischemia-reperfusion, IGF-1 immunoreactivity disappeared from neurons, and significantly increased in astrocytes and microglia. These results suggest that the induction of IGF-1 in the CA1 area during the early stage (12-24 h after ischemic insult) is associated with the relative vulnerabilities of pyramidal glutamatergic neurons and non-pyramidal GABAergic neurons. The later increase (4 days after ischemic insult) of IGF-1 expression and protein content was found to promote the activities of astrocytes and microglia. These increases of IGF-1 in astrocytes and in microglia are associated with mechanisms that compensate for the effects of delayed neuronal death. 相似文献
18.
Yoo KY Yoo DY Hwang IK Park JH Lee CH Choi JH Kwon SH Her S Lee YL Won MH 《Neurochemical research》2011,36(12):2417-2426
Innate immune system is very important to modulate the host defense against a large variety of pathogens. Toll-like receptors
(TLRs) play a key role in controlling innate immune response. Among TLRs, TLR4 is a specific receptor for lipopolysaccharide
and associated with the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the present study, we investigated ischemia-related changes
of TLR4 immunoreactivity and its protein level, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 immunoreactivity regarding inflammatory
responses in the hippocampal CA1 region after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia to identify the correlation between transient
ischemia and inflammation. In the sham-operated group, TLR4 immunoreactivity was easily detected in pyramidal neurons of the
hippocampal CA1 region (CA1). TLR4 immunoreactivity in pyramidal neurons was distinctively decreased after ischemia/reperfusion
(I/R); instead, based on double immunofluorescence study, TLR4 immunoreactivity was expressed in non-pyramidal neurons and
astrocytes from 2 days postischemia. In addition, TLR4 protein level was lowest at 1 day postischemia and highest 4 days after
I/R. On the other hand, NF-κB p65 immunoreactivity was not detected in the CA1 of the sham-operated group, and NF-κB p65 immunoreactivity
was not observed until 1 day after I/R. However, NF-κB p65 immunoreactivity began to be expressed in astrocytes at 2 days
postischemia, and the immunoreactivity was strong 4 days postischemia. Our results indicate that TLR4 and NF-κB p65 immunoreactivity
are changed in CA1 pyramidal neurons and newly expressed in astrocytes, not in microglia, in the CA1 region after transient
cerebral ischemia. 相似文献
19.
Hwang IK Yoo KY Li H Choi JH Lee CH Chung DW Lee IS Kim DW Choi SY Won MH 《Neurochemical research》2008,33(5):938-944
Adrenalectomy (ADX) has been useful for a good in vivo model for apoptosis in the hippocampus by the absence of corticosteroids
following ADX. In some neurodegenerative diseases, GABAergic neurons are more resistant to neuronal damage as compared with
glutamatergic neurons. In the present study, we observed chronological changes in three GABA degradation enzymes, e.g., GABA
transaminase (GABA-T), succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) and succinic semialdehyde reductase (SSAR) immunoreactivity
and protein levels in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region after ADX. Changes in their immunoreactivities were distinct in the
stratum pyramidale of the CA1 region. GABA-T immunoreactivity and protein level were significantly increased in the CA1 region
3 h after ADX, in contrast, SSAR and SSADH immunoreactivity and protein level were increased 12 h and 3–12 h, respectively,
after ADX. These results suggest that the increases of GABA-T, SSADH and SSAR immunoreactivity and protein levels in the hippocampal
CA1 region in ADX gerbils may be associated with the control of GABA levels in this region. 相似文献
20.
Choong Hyun Lee Ki-Yeon Yoo Ok Kyu Park Jung Hoon Choi Il-Jun Kang Eunjoo Bae Sung Koo Kim In Koo Hwang Moo-Ho Won 《Molecules and cells》2010,29(4):373-378
Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) mediates neuronal synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation,
and learning and memory in the hippocampus. In this study, we examined pERK1/2 immunoreactivity and its protein level in the
gerbil hippocampus at various ages. In the postnatal month 1 (PM 1) group, very weak pERK1/2 immunoreactivity was detected
in the hippocampus. In the CA1 region, pERK1/2 immunoreactivity was considerably increased in the stratum pyramidale in the
PM 6 group. Thereafter, pERK1/2 immunoreactivity was decreased. In the CA2/3 region, pERK1/2 immunoreactivity increased in
an age-dependent manner until PM 12. Thereafter, numbers of pERK1/2-immunoreactive neurons were decreased. However, in the
mossy fiber zone, pERK1/2 immunostaining became stronger with age. In the dentate gyrus, a few pERK1/2-immunoreactive cells
were observed until PM 12. In the PM 18 and 24 groups, numbers of pERK1/2-immunoreactive cells were increased, especially
in the polymorphic layer. In Western blot analysis, pERK1/2 level in the gerbil hippocampus was increased with age. These
results indicate that total pERK1/2 levels are increased in the hippocampus with age. However pERK1/2 immunoreactivity in
subregions of the gerbil hippocampus was changed with different pattern during normal aging. 相似文献