生物传感器在微生物检测中的应用

生物传感器的产生在医药卫生,食品检验和环境监测等领域引起了一场革命,其简单,快速和准确的特点超越了以往诸多分析手段。本文介绍了生物传感器概念,介绍了生物传感器在微生物检测中的应用。     

光纤生物传感器及其在微生物检测中的应用

本文介绍了光纤生物传感器的原理,对光纤传感器制作中的工程学和生物学问题进行了探讨并概述了它的应用情况。     

农产品安全检测中生物传感器的应用

围绕农药和化肥残留、重金属污染、激素和兽药残留以及生物污染物等农产品安全性的主要指标．该对生物传感器在农产品安全检测领域中最新的发展动态进行了综述,并对其发展前景和存在问题进行了评述。     

胆汁酸检测技术研究进展与生物传感器开发现状

胆汁酸不仅促进脂质吸收,还可调节肠道菌群结构,影响多种疾病的发生.胆汁酸代谢过程涉及肝脏、肠道、血液等重要组织.胆汁酸组成复杂、同分异构体多、生物活性相差巨大,这给胆汁酸检测分析技术带来较大挑战,同时也限制了胆汁酸与多种疾病的关系研究,因此,对多种不同胆汁酸进行特异性检测可为生物研究、临床诊断、疾病预防提供有利条件.基...     

生物传感器的研究进展综述

生物传感器是一种对生物物质的敏感,并且将其浓度转换成电信号进行检测的仪器。生物传感器是一种由固定化的生物敏感材料作为识别酶、抗原和微生物等生物活性物质,并且能够和适当的理化换能器和信号放大设备构成的分析的系统或者是工具,具有接收器和转换器的功能。目前生物传感器在食品工业、环境监测和发酵工业以及医学等领域都有所应用,并且随着生物科学等成果的发展,已经有了飞速的发展。本文将对生物传感器的发展现状进行分析,并且简述其在各个领域的应用情况。     

电化学生物传感器快速检测DNA研究进展

本简要地介绍了DNA电化学生物传感器研究的最新进展,重点讨论了改善生物传感器选择性和灵敏度的技术和方法。     

生物传感器在食源性致病菌检测中应用的研究进展

食源性致病菌作为引起食源性疾病的主要因素,受到人们的高度重视,发展简便、快速、高灵敏度和低成本的食源性致病菌检测方法对降低食源性疾病发病率具有重要意义。生物传感器技术是一种由多学科交叉渗透发展形成的全新微量分析技术,具有灵敏度高、分析速度快等特点,被广泛应用于食源性致病菌的检测。文中介绍了生物传感器的基本原理,综述了常见的生物传感器在食源性致病菌检测中的应用,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

滚环扩增技术在电化学生物传感器中的应用

在电化学生物传感器的设计中,信号放大是实验环节中的重要步骤,特别是对靶标进行灵敏度分析时更是不可或缺。滚环扩增（rolling circle amplification,RCA）能够在短时间内得到大量产物,并在电极表面进行扩增或孵育,然后通过一定的设计使电化学信号被快速放大。RCA技术具有高度的灵敏性和特异性,电化学生物传感器则可提供实时、快速、低成本的检测。为了更好的了解RCA,介绍了RCA环化的基本原理、RCA种类,重点总结了RCA与电化学生物传感器结合的不同技术类型及应用,并对未来相关研究领域的发展趋势进行了展望,旨在为RCA技术在电化学生物传感器中的进一步发展和应用提供参考。     

分子马达生物传感器检测食源性轮状病毒

通过分子马达生物传感器技术建立一种特异、便捷、快速的食源性轮状病毒检测方法.以F0F1-ATPase为核心构建分子马达,以轮状病毒保守片段VP7设计各血清型通用探针,通过生物素-亲和素系统将探针与分子马达连接构建F0F1-ATPase分子马达检测装置.提取病毒RNA并将其与生物传感器结合的同时启动ATP合成,比较其荧光强度的差别,可以对样品中的RNA进行检测.此方法的病毒RNA检测灵敏度为0.005 ng/mL,对轮状病毒检测特异,与甲肝病毒、诺如病毒无交叉反应,在1h内即可完成检测.运用此方法随机检测15份样品,检测结果与RT-PCR一致.结果表明,分子马达生物传感器检测轮状病毒的方法灵敏、特异,可用于食源性轮状病毒的快速检测.     

生物传感器在转基因产品检测中的研究进展

生物传感器因快速、低耗和易于操作等优点在基因序列测定中受到了广泛的关注.概述了生物传感器的基本原理、分类以及几种主要生物传感器在转基因产品检测中的研究进展,分析了其在应用中存在的问题,并对今后的发展趋势提出一些看法.     

蔬菜中农药残留检测技术研究进展

对目前蔬菜中农药残留分析检测方法及其前处理过程以及快速检测技术作了综述。固相萃取(SPE)、超临界流体萃取(SFE)等新的萃取方法已逐渐代替了液-液萃取(LLE)等传统提取方法。色谱技术是农药残留分析中的重要手段。毛细管气相色谱(CGC)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)及其联用技术是现阶段农药残留分析中的主要检测方法。并指出了今后该领域的研究方向。     

Mapping the Key Stage 3 National Science Strategy: Cells

The teaching units within the National Science Strategy can be summarised diagrammatically. Presentation in this format makes it easier for teachers and students to visualise progression routes through Key Stage 3. An example is given for the key idea of cells.     

血脂异常相关酶的研究进展

血脂异常在临床上最常见的是高脂蛋白血症。随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,高脂血症作为心脑血管疾病的重要危险因素,更加威胁着人类健康,对脂质异常和相关酶的研究也在逐渐深入。本文综述了几种与脂质代谢异常相关的关键酶及其研究进展。     

纳米颗粒增强酶生物传感器性能的研究进展

简要介绍生物传感器的原理及分类,并且对纳米颗粒增强酶生物传感器的研究现状进行了评述,尤其是纳米颗粒对葡萄糖生物传感器和尿酸酶生物传感器的增强作用,并对我国生物传感器的发展方向做了展望。     

Microcantilevers modified by specific peptide for selective detection of trimethylamine

We report a biosensor based on a microcantilever that is modified by a specific peptide for highly selective detection of trimethylamine (TMA). The assay is based on binding-induced bending of the peptide functionalized microcantilevers. The sensor is selectively responsive to TMA. The amplitude of microcantilever bending at equilibrium is a function of the concentration of TMA with a dynamic range from 8 ppm to 800 ppm. The detection limit is approximately 8 ppm. There is a good intra-sensor and an acceptable inter-sensor reproducibility as evidenced by the standard deviation of 5% and 15%, respectively.     

Suitability of Macrolampis firefly and Pyrearinus click beetle luciferases for bacterial light off toxicity biosensor

Bioluminescence is widely used in biosensors. For water toxicity analysis, the naturally bioluminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri have been used extensively. We investigated the suitability of two new beetle luciferases for Escherichia coli light off biosensors: Macrolampis firefly and Pyrearinus termitilluminans click beetle luciferases. The bioluminescence detection assay using this system is very sensitive, being comparable or superior to V. fischeri. The luciferase of P. termitilluminans produces a strong and sustained bioluminescence that is useful for less sensitive and inexpensive assays that require integration of the emission, whereas Macrolampis luciferase displays a flash-like luminescence that is useful for fast and more sensitive assays. The effect of heavy metals and sanitizing agents was analyzed. Zinc, copper, 1-propanol, and iodide had inhibitory effects on bioluminescence and growth assays; however, in these cases the bioluminescence was not a very reliable indicator of cell growth and metabolic activity because these agents also inhibited the luciferase. On the other hand, mercury and silver strongly affected cell bioluminescence and growth but not the luciferase activity, indicating that bioluminescence was a reliable indicator of cell growth and metabolic activity in this case. Finally, bioluminescent E. coli immobilized in agarose matrix gave a more stable format for environmental assays.     

微阵列电化学生物传感器研究进展

本文简要介绍了微阵列电化学生物传感器的基本原理和分类,评述了微阵列电化学生物传感器的研究进展。     

Creating highly amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay signals from genetically engineered bacteriophage

For early detection of many diseases, it is critical to be able to diagnose small amounts of biomarkers in blood or serum. One of the most widely used sensing assays is the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which typically uses detection monoclonal antibodies conjugated to enzymes to produce colorimetric signals. To increase the overall sensitivities of these sensors, we demonstrate the use of a dually modified version of filamentous bacteriophage Fd that produces significantly higher colorimetric signals in ELISAs than what can be achieved using antibodies alone. Because only a few proteins at the tip of the micron-long bacteriophage are involved in antigen binding, the approximately 4000 other coat proteins can be augmented—by either chemical functionalization or genetic engineering—with hundreds to thousands of functional groups. In this article, we demonstrate the use of bacteriophage that bear a large genomic fusion that allows them to bind specific antibodies on coat protein 3 (p3) and multiple biotin groups on coat protein 8 (p8) to bind to avidin-conjugated enzymes. In direct ELISAs, the anti-rTNFα (recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha)-conjugated bacteriophage show approximately 3- to 4-fold gains in signal over that of anti-rTNFα, demonstrating their use as a platform for highly sensitive protein detection.