广州市蝴蝶群落结构与多样性

2005年5月-2006年12月对广州市蝴蝶资源进行调查,对该区域蝴蝶群落的物种组成、结构特点和多样性进行了分析.共记述蝴蝶10科45属73种;个体数量以粉蝶科最多,蛱蝶科、凤蝶科次之;各科蝴蝶物种丰富度以蛱蝶科最高,Margalef丰度指数为3.87,凤蝶科、眼蝶科次之;各科的种多样性指数大小依次为凤蝶科、蛱蝶科、眼蝶科、粉蝶科、弄蝶科、灰蝶科、环蝶科、蚬蝶科、斑蝶科和珍蝶科;属多样性指数大小依次为蛱蝶科、粉蝶科、眼蝶科、弄蝶科、凤蝶科、灰蝶科、环蝶科、蚬蝶科、斑蝶科和珍蝶科;凤蝶科均匀度最高,Pielou均匀度指数为0.90,其次为弄蝶科和灰蝶科.     

广东古田自然保护区蝶类群落多样性

2014—2015年对广东省惠东古田省级自然保护区的蝶类开展调查,对蝶类群落的种类组成及多样性特征进行了分析。共调查到蝶类8科39属54种,优势种为宽边黄粉蝶[Eurema hecabe(Linnaeus)]、绢斑蝶[Parantica aglea(Stoll)]、中环蛱蝶[Neptis hylas(Linnaeus)]、异型紫斑蝶[Euploea mulciber(Cramer)]和虎斑蝶[Danaus genutia(Cramer)]。多样性分析结果表明:蛱蝶科的Margalef物种丰度最高,其次为凤蝶科和眼蝶科,斑蝶科和蚬蝶科最低;Shannon多样性指数从高到低依次为蛱蝶科、凤蝶科、眼蝶科、弄蝶科、灰蝶科、粉蝶科、斑蝶科和蚬蝶科;斑蝶科的Pielou均匀度指数最高,其次为蚬蝶科和眼蝶科;Simpson生态优势度最高的是蚬蝶科,其次是粉蝶科和斑蝶科。     

四川峨眉山夏季蝶类调查

通过2008—2017年夏季在峨眉山地区的调查,共采集蝶类标本1 860号,隶属10科73属154种,结合前人报道,峨眉山共有蝶类11科126属279种。本次调查显示,蛱蝶科Nymphalidae物种数(55种)和个体数(645只)均最多,珍蝶科Acraeidae物种数(1种)和个体数(6只)均最少;常见种(数量占比大于5%)包括嘉翠蛱蝶Euthalia kardama、斑星弄蝶Celaenorrhinus maculosus、东方菜粉蝶Pieris canidia、素饰蛱蝶Stibochiona nicea、灰翅串珠环蝶Faunis aerope和黑纹粉蝶P.melete,这6种蝶类占蝶类总数的41.10%;珍稀种包括金裳凤蝶Troides aeacus、裳凤蝶T.helena、燕凤蝶Lamproptera curia、三尾凤蝶Bhutanitis thaidina、双星箭环蝶Stichophthalma neumogeni、白袖箭环蝶S.louisa、箭环蝶S.howqua、黑紫蛱蝶Sasakia funebris、枯叶蛱蝶Kallima inachus和朴喙蝶Libythea celtis,这些珍稀蝶类值得重点关注和保护。建议加强峨眉山蝶类资源的长期监测和调查研究,为科学合理地开发蝶类资源和进行濒危珍稀特有蝶类的保护提供基础数据。     

东莞银瓶山自然保护区蝶类群落的多样性

2010-2011年共分4期采用样线法对东莞银瓶山自然保护区蝶类群落进行系统调查.结果表明:银瓶山蝶类群落由9科31属42种组成;个体数量最多的科为粉蝶科,其次为凤蝶科、蛱蝶科和眼蝶科;Margalef丰富度指数从高到低依次为蛱蝶科、凤蝶科、粉蝶科、眼蝶科、弄蝶科、灰蝶科、蚬蝶科、斑蝶科和环蝶科;7、5月调查到的蝶类种类和数量较多,其次为11月,2月的蝶类种类和数量都明显减少;Shannon多样性指数从高到低依次为7、5、11、2月.珠三角核心区域社会经济发展对东莞银瓶山自然保护区生态环境的影响较大,蝶类群落的栖息环境恶化,其生物多样性急剧下降,城市化发展过程中要减少人类活动对自然环境的干扰和破坏,加强对生物多样性的保护与恢复.     

四川会理县蝴蝶调查简报

报道了采自四川省凉山州会理县城区附近的蝶类资源.通过对近20年采集的500余具标本的整理,共记录有蝶类9科91种,分别隶属于凤蝶科 Papilionidae（15种）、弄蝶科Hesperiidae（4种）、粉蝶科Pieridae（16种）、眼蝶科Satyridae（11种）、蛱蝶科Nymphalidae（34种）、斑蝶科Danaidae（5种）、灰蝶科Lycaenidae（3种）、环蝶科 Amathusiidae（2种）、蚬蝶科Riodindae（1种）.根据调查经过和相关资料,对会理的蝶类资源现状进行了简单的讨论和分析,并提出了相应的保护建议.     

四川光雾山国家风景名胜区蝶类调查

为了解四川省巴中市光雾山风景名胜区蝴蝶资源状况,于2021年5—10月对景区及其周边区域的蝶类物种多样性进行调查,共发现蝶类5科80属117种。物种数上,蛱蝶科Nymphalidae最多（55种,占47.01%）,其次是弄蝶科Hesperiidae(20种)、灰蝶科Lycaenidae(16种)、粉蝶科Pieridae(15种)和凤蝶科Papilionidae(11种)。调查到的117种蝶类中,东洋种44种,古北种10种,广布种48种,另有15种未查明区系组成。本研究显示光雾山地区蝶类多样性在国内同类型自然保护区或风景名胜区中处于较高水平,表明当地生物多样性状况良好,尚未受到大规模人为干扰破坏。     

江苏徐州相山山地蝶类生态分布及区系研究

江苏徐州相山山地有蝶类7科26属31种,其中凤蝶科5种,粉蝶科7种,斑蝶科1种,眼蝶科1种,蛱蝶科4种,灰蝶科8种,弄蝶科5种,计得江苏省新记录8种。蝶类区系组成中,广布种占48．39％;东洋界种类占22．58％;古北界种类占29．03％。由江苏省六大山地相似度分析,相山山地与方山山地蝶类多样性相似度最高。     

陕西延安市区蝶类多样性初探

延安市区有蝶类6科25属36种,其中凤蝶科2属3种;粉蝶科5属8种;眼蝶科3属5种;蛱蝶科7属10种;灰蝶科7属9种;弄蝶科1属1种。陕西省新记录5种。区系分析表明,该地区以广布种为优势种。     

青海玉树地区蝶类及其区系分析

本文报道了玉树地区的蝶类７科３０属４７种,其中凤蝶科１种,绢蝶科８种,粉蝶科１０种,眼蝶科１０种,蛱蝶科１２种,灰蝶科５种,弄蝶科１种,青海省新记录５种,以古北区为优势成分。     

贵州梵净山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶多样性

2010年11月—2012年11月对梵净山及周边区域蝶类资源进行调查,共采集蝴蝶446号,隶属于10科60属86种。其中,个体数量以凤蝶科最多(164号),蛱蝶科次之(132号);各科蝶类的种多样性指数以蛱蝶科最高(2.654),凤蝶科次之(2.377),珍蝶科最低;属多样性指数同样以蛱蝶科最高(2.338),灰蝶科次之(1.906),珍蝶科最低。在该区域内,灌丛、林缘、森林内、草坡及田地等5种不同生境中,蝶类物种丰富度和等级多样性都依次降低,相应蝴蝶种类数量依次分别为56、39、12、8和8。在蝶类物种构成方面,灌丛和林缘最为相似(相似性系数为0.218),草坡和灌丛相似性次之,田地与其他生境类型的相似性系数较低。     

Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) in the Arctic fauna

The Arctic fauna includes 106 species of diurnal butterflies: Papilionidae (6 species), Pieridae (20), Lycaenidae (18), Nymphalidae (30), Satyridae (27), and Hesperiidae (5). Among them, representatives of the family Nymphalidae predominate as to the features characterizing the biological progress in the Arctic, as well as to the number of the most strongly pronounced arctic forms. The family Satyridae shares the first place with Nymphalidae by the number of species, but differs from the latter in the uneven or local distribution. The family Pieridae demonstrates a wide distribution of polyzonal and boreal species in the tundra zone. The distribution patterns of Lycaenidae are different in the Eurasian and Beringian-American sectors. Species of Papilionidae and Hesperiidae occur only in the southern part of the tundra zone. Each family is characterized by specific distribution in the Arctic subzones and landscapes and by latitudinal trends in its specific ratio in the faunas. There are 30 to 40 arctic species, including arctic proper (euarctic and hemiarctic) and hypoarctic, arctoalpine, arctomontane, and arctoboreal species. The species developing successfully under high-latitude conditions are Boloria chariclea, B. polaris, B. improba, Colias nastes, C. hecla, and Erebia fasciata; the first two species can be considered true euarctic forms. Specific features of the latitudinal and longitudinal distribution of the butterfly species in different parts of the Arctic are discussed.     

陕西延安北洛河流域蝶类资源调查及区系研究

通过对延安北洛河流域的蝶类资源进行调查,发现该地区共有蝴蝶6科54属75种(凤蝶科2属3种、粉蝶科7属10种、眼蝶科10属13种、蛱蝶科15属25种、灰蝶科11属15种、弄蝶科8属9种),其中34种为单属种,陕西省新纪录5种;区系结构分析表明该地区蝴蝶以古北种为主。标本保存于延安大学生命科学学院标本馆。     

桂林雁山地区蝶类种类调查及区系分析

调查发现广西桂林雁山地区的蝴蝶种类有10科122属254种,以蛱蝶科、弄蝶科、眼蝶科、灰蝶科的种类较多,分别占总数的20.8%、16.9%、16.1%和15.7%。不同季节的蝴蝶种类和数量分布不均匀,春、夏、秋、冬的蝴蝶种类分别为83、198、175和148种;捕获的种数分别占捕获总数的13.7%、32.8%、29%和24.5%。区系成分以东洋种为主,占69.4%;东洋古北兼有种占25.4%,古北种占2.4%;广布种占2.7%。     

横断山区的蝶类资源与珍稀蝴蝶的保护

横断山区的蝶类561种,隶属于12科,208属.在12科中,种类最多的是蛱蝶科148种,其次是眼蝶科117种,灰蝶科65种,凤蝶科63种,粉蝶科60种,弄蝶科60种,蚬蝶科18种,绢蝶科12种,斑蝶科9种,环蝶科6种,喙蝶科2种,珍蝶科1种.分布于横断山区的珍稀蝴蝶有44种,其中国家Ⅰ级保护的1种,Ⅱ级保护的3种.     

安徽马鞍山地区蝶类资源调查及区系分析

2003~2006年对安徽省马鞍山地区蝶类资源进行调查,经鉴定有69种,隶属于8科50属,分别为凤蝶科6属13种,绢蝶科1属1种,粉蝶科5属7种,眼蝶科4属9种,蛱蝶科10属15种,喙蝶科1属1种,灰蝶科13属14种,弄蝶科8属9种。马鞍山地区蝶类在中国动物地理区划中有20个区系型,以华中-华北区系型所占比例最高,计10种,占14.49%;其次为华中区特有种为9种,占13.14%;马鞍山地区蝶类区系主要以华中区区系为主体。     

秦岭太白山区蝶类多样性的研究

秦岭太白山北坡蝶类组成共有78种,隶属6个科,43属。其中凤蝶科Papilionidae 3属8种,粉蝶科Pieridne 7属19种,眼蝶科sartyridae 5属9种,蛱蝶科Nymphalidae 15属27种,友蝶科Lycaenidae 7属8种,弄蝶科Hesperiidae 6属7种。新记录3种。     

福建省蝴蝶新记录

本文通过对近年在福建各地采集的蝴蝶标本整理鉴定,报道了福建省蝴蝶新记录12种,其中环蝶科1种,眼蝶科3种,蛱蝶科2种,灰蝶科3种,弄蝶科3种。新记录种分别为：白袖箭环蝶Stichophthalma louisa Wood—Mason,边纹黛眼蝶如．the marginolis Motschulsky,细黛眼蝶Lethesidereal Marshall,褐眉眼蝶Mycalesis unicaLeech,中华葩蛱蝶Patsuia sinensis（Oberthur）,白斑俳蛱蝶Parasarpa aIbomaculata（Leech）,奇娆灰蝶Arhopala comicadleNiceville,小珀灰蝶Pratapa icetas（Hewitson）,浙江生灰蝶Sinthusa zhejiangensis Yoshino,梳翅弄蝶Ctenoptilum vasava（Moore）,滚边裙弄蝶Tagiades cohaerens（MabiHe）及光荣肿脉弄蝶Zographetus doxusEliot。     

Genome size variation in butterflies (Insecta,Lepidotera, Papilionoidea): a thorough phylogenetic comparison

Butterflies have been of great interest to naturalists for centuries, and the study of butterflies has been an integral part of ecology and evolution ever since Darwin proposed his theory of natural selection in 1859. There are > 18 000 butterfly species worldwide, showing great diversity in morphological traits and ecological niches. Compared with butterfly diversity, however, patterns of genome size variation in butterflies remain poorly understood, especially in a phylogenetic context. Here, we sequenced and assembled the mitogenomes of 68 butterflies and measured the genome sizes (C-values) of 67 of them. We also assembled 10 mitogenomes using reads from GenBank. Among the assembled 78 mitogenomes, those from 59 species, 23 genera and one subfamily are reported for the first time. Combining with published data of mitogenomes and genome size, we explored the patterns in genome size variation for 106 butterfly species in a phylogenetic context based on analyses of mitogenomes from 264 species covering six families. Our results show that the genome size of butterflies has a 6.4-fold variation ranging from 0.203 pg (199 Mb) (Nymphalidae: Heliconius xanthocles) to 1.287 pg (1253 Mb) (Papilionidae: Parnassius orleans). Within families, the largest variation was found in Papilionidae (5.9-fold: 0.22–1.29 pg), followed by Nymphalidae (4.8-fold: 0.2–0.95 pg), Pieridae (4.4-fold: 0.22–0.97 pg), Hesperiidae (2.2-fold: 0.3–0.66 pg), Lycaenidae (2.6-fold: 0.39–1.02 pg) and Rioidinidae (1.8-fold: 0.48–0.87 pg). Our data also suggest that butterflies have an ancestral genome size of c. 0.5 pg, and some ancestral genome size increase or decrease events along different subfamilies or tribes produce the diversity of genome size variation in diverse butterflies. Our data provide novel insights into patterns of genome size variation in butterflies and are an important reference for future genome sequencing programmes.     

Diet breadth and host plant diversity of tropical- vs. temperate-zone herbivores: South-East Asian and West Palaearctic butterflies as a case study

1. Data on host plant associations of butterflies (Papilionoidea, excluding Hesperiidae) from two biogeographical regions were used to investigate (1) whether tropical herbivores are more narrowly specialized with regard to host plant choice than those of northern temperate zones, and (2) whether tropical butterflies show a greater diversity of host plant affiliations. 2. There was no evidence for a more restricted diet breadth of tropical butterflies, with diet breadth being measured as number of host plant families used per species. In the families Papilionidae, Pieridae, and Nymphalidae, host plant ranges of West Palaearctic and South-East Asian species are similar, whereas in one speciose group within the Lycaenidae, the Polyommatini, tropical species are significantly more polyphagous. 3. Diet breadth also differs among higher butterfly taxa. While Papilionidae, Pieridae, the nymphalid subfamilies Satyrinae, Morphinae, Libytheinae and Apaturinae, as well as the temperate-zone Polyommatini in the Lycaenidae are composed predominantly of host specialists, the degree of polyphagy is higher among the remaining nymphalid subfamilies and in many lycaenids. These results challenge strongly the view that tropical herbivores are generally more specialized in this regard than herbivores of higher latitudes. Rather, chemical constraints and phylogenetic conservatism shape host plant associations in many taxa in such a way that differences between temperate and tropical representatives are slight. 4. Host plant diversity, measured as the number of plant families used per butterfly family and by application of the log-series model, is much higher in South-East Asian Nymphalidae and Lycaenidae (the two largest families) than in their Western Palaearctic relatives. No such differences are observed in the Papilionidae and Pieridae (the two smaller families). Besides effects of sample size, the strong association of papilionid and pierid butterflies with plants characterized by a small set of classes of secondary plant compounds might generally restrict their capability to utilize a broader taxonomic range of host plants. 5. The results indicate that high floral diversity can be reflected by higher diversity of host plant affiliations of herbivores, but taxonomic idiosyncrasies render it difficult to draw generalized conclusions.