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1.
江西齐云山自然保护区鸟类区系与多样性分析   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
2006年11月和2007年2~9月,对齐云山保护区的鸟类进行了本底调查和物种监测,共记录到鸟类257种,隶属于17目54科.其中留鸟120种,候鸟(夏候鸟、冬候鸟和旅鸟)137种;古北界种类97种(37.7%),东洋界种类141种(54.9%),广布种有19种(7.4%);国家重点保护鸟类8科34种;发现江西省新纪录鸟类4种.多样性分析结果显示,该区鸟类群落Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数、和Simpson指数分别为3.875、0.791和0.964.从各生境群落多样性指数看,农田居民区中鸟类群落多样性指数最大,其次是灌草丛和阔叶林,溪流水域的多样性指数最小;优势度指数在不同生境的变化趋势与群落多样性指数相似;灌草丛中鸟类群落均匀度指数最高,阔叶林中的鸟类群落均匀度指数最低.通过与周边包括九连山、井冈山、江西武夷山和广东车八岭4个保护区的鸟类进行物种多样性G-F指数对比分析,得出齐云山鸟类多样性与九连山相当,而高于其他3个保护区.  相似文献   

2.
自2010年10月至2011年12月对宁夏罗山国家级保护区鸟类区系及群落结构进行了调查研究,共记录到鸟类15目46科98属164种,占宁夏已知鸟类总种数的48.81%。其中留鸟51种(31.10%),夏候鸟68种(41.64%),旅鸟38种(23.17%),冬候鸟7种(4.27%)。繁殖鸟119种,其中以古北界鸟类占优势,有88种,占繁殖鸟总数的73.95%;东洋界种15种,占12.61%;广布种鸟类16种,占13.45%。研究发现不同季节、不同生境中的鸟类群落特征差异较大。林地鸟类物种数和多样性指数最高,水域鸟类具有最高的G-F指数。相似性分析显示,山地荒漠草地和废弃村庄的鸟类群落,林地和浅山灌丛鸟类群落,分别具有一定的相似性。春季鸟类群落物种数、G-F指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数最高。  相似文献   

3.
内蒙古包头南海子湿地鸟类群落组成及多样性   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
为了解包头南海子湿地鸟类资源现状,2006年8月至2007年10月,对内蒙古包头市南海子自然保护区的鸟类物种多样性和群落结构进行了调查,共记录到鸟类128种,隶属于15目37科.其中,古北界鸟类110种,占调查区鸟类种数的85.94%.居留型主要以夏候鸟和旅鸟为主.根据鸟类栖息地的生境类型,将保护区的鸟类划分为4个群落.其中,浅水沼泽的鸟类数量最多,多样性指数、均匀度指数均最高.南海子自然保护区对包头市生态旅游产业以及自然保护教育具有重要意义.  相似文献   

4.
珠穆朗玛峰国家级自然保护区拥有世界第一峰珠穆朗玛峰,地跨古北界和东洋界。但一直以来由于缺乏详细调查而未能掌握其区系特点,影响了对珠峰生物资源的深入认识。2010年10月―2012年10月(126 d),采用样线法在保护区全境范围内对鸟类进行了7次系统实地调查,将原有记录从227种增加至390种。区系组成中,东洋界物种数多于古北界,分别为172和113种。南北坡区系差异明显,北坡以古北种为多,共55种,占北坡物种数的71.4%;南坡以东洋种为多,共168种,占南坡物种数的56.8%。在南坡,随海拔的升高,东洋种不断减少,而古北种先增加,在4000 m后开始减少;两者在海拔3100~4000 m时数量相当。据此认为珠峰地区东洋界和古北界的分界线在南坡,且位于海拔3100~4000 m,而不同区系物种在垂直方向上的适应是有差异的。  相似文献   

5.
四川白坡山自然保护区冬季鸟类群落调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
杨彪  冉江洪  蔡国  曾宗永 《四川动物》2006,25(3):509-515
2003年12月对四川白坡山自然保护区的鸟类群落的种类和数量进行了调查,实际发现鸟类151种,结合历史文献23种,保护区鸟类共有174种,隶属于12目41科。保护区有国家级重点保护鸟类14种,四川省保护鸟类2种,我国特有鸟类5种。保护区鸟类区系以东洋界成分为主。利用多样性指数分析了不同群落的鸟类多样性,结果表明:地处1300~2600 m的中山云南松及其混交林群落鸟类多样性最高,原因是该群落中生境类型丰富多样。  相似文献   

6.
内蒙古中部地区繁殖鸟类多样性调查   总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
2011年5~6月,采用样线法和固定半径样点法对内蒙古中部地区荒漠草原、典型草原及湿地3种生境中的鸟类进行了调查,共记录到繁殖鸟63种,隶属于11目25科,其中留鸟12种,夏候鸟51种。在动物地理区系成分上,古北界鸟类54种(占85.71%);东洋界鸟类9种(占14.29%)。调查结果表明,3种生境的鸟类群落结构在多样性指数上以湿地为最高,其次为荒漠草原,典型草原最低;均匀度指数最高的为荒漠草原,其次为湿地,典型草原最低。  相似文献   

7.
2003年7月~2006年5月对吉林莫莫格国家级自然保护区的鸟类进行了调查,并结合历史文献,确认保护区有鸟类298种,其中非雀形目鸟类172种,雀形目鸟类126种。该保护区的鸟类以旅鸟和夏候鸟为主,占保护区鸟类总数的84%(旅鸟52%、夏候鸟32%、留鸟11%、冬候鸟5%)。在128种繁殖鸟类中,古北界种类占73.44%,东洋界种类占6.25%,广布种占20.31%,可见古北界种类占优势。在保护区内记录到国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类50种。  相似文献   

8.
广东阴那山自然保护区鸟类群落结构及多样性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2012年10月-2013年9月,采用固定样线法和样点法对广东阴那山自然保护区鸟类群落结构及多样性进行初步调查,共记录鸟类175种,隶属14目42科125属。其中,国家Ⅰ级保护种类1种,国家Ⅱ级保护种类19种。按居留类型分类,夏候鸟34种,冬候鸟52种,留鸟78种,旅鸟11种;按动物地理区划分类,古北界种类67种,东洋界种类65种,广布性鸟类43种。该区域鸟类优势种32种,多样性指数为4.3929,优势度为0.0204,均匀度为0.8506。  相似文献   

9.
谢凡  鲁碧耕  油志远  李刚  张惠  杨孔  杨楠 《四川动物》2022,41(1):107-120
鸟类多样性研究是国家级自然保护区的重要工作。2020年6月—2021年5月,采用样线法和样点法,调查了四川格西沟国家级自然保护区的鸟类多样性。结果显示:结合历史文献资料,保护区共有鸟类19目56科249种。其中,国家一级重点保护动物10种,国家二级重点保护动物35种,中国特有种11种。居留型以留鸟为主,共156种(62.65%),其次是夏候鸟60种(24.10%)、旅鸟19种(7.63%)、冬候鸟14种(5.62%)。区系组成以东洋界为主,共116种(46.59%),古北界103种(41.37%)、广布种30种(12.04%)。各生态系统中森林和灌丛生态系统Shannon-Wiener指数最高,其他生态系统最低,森林和灌丛生态系统的Sorenson相似性指数最高;夏、秋季的Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数最高,冬季最低。建议保护区建立长期监测体系,并持续开展鸟类保护宣传活动,加大巡护和管控力度,降低保护区内的人为干扰,同时注重鸟类所利用栖息地的保护。  相似文献   

10.
2010年1月至2012年12月采用样线法对化龙山国家级自然保护区鸟类进行了调查。结果表明,保护区有鸟类16目50科224种,占陕西省鸟类种数(475种)的47.16%和全国(1371种)的16.34%。其中,雀形目鸟类32科156种,占69.64%;非雀形目鸟类18科68种,占30.36%。留鸟123种,夏候鸟67种,旅鸟25种,冬候鸟8种,迷鸟1种。在本区繁殖的190种鸟类中,东洋界种100种,古北界种67种,广布种23种。从繁殖鸟的区系成分看,东洋界种与古北界种分别为100种和67种,比例为1.5∶1,东洋界种占优势。从生境分析看,鸟类主要分布于森地和灌草丛。  相似文献   

11.
海南岛东寨港国家级自然保护区鸟类组成和区系的研究   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9  
常弘  毕肖峰 《生态科学》1999,18(2):53-53
报道了东寨港红树林自然保护区鸟类资源的调查,记录了该保护区鸟类118种,隶属13目35科,其中有59种属冬候鸟,57种属留鸟和2种属夏候鸟。根据中国动物地理区,东寨港保护区有60种鸟类属古北界物种、43种是东洋界物种和15种是广布种。还分析了该保护区鸟类组成区系和鸟类生态群的特征。  相似文献   

12.
摘要:于2006年5月及2010年的1月、5月和9~ 10月,采用样线法和定点观察法,结合雾网法对邦亮自然保护区鸟类资源进行了调查。共记录到鸟类223种,隶属于14目49科,其中留鸟146种、夏候鸟40种、冬候鸟34种、旅鸟3种。区系分析表明,保护区鸟类具有典型的华南区区系特点和显著的北热带特征。保护区有国家Ⅱ级重点保...  相似文献   

13.
The montane forests of northern Mozambique’s isolated massifs are inhabited by numerous range-restricted and threatened bird species, but until recently were extremely little-known. We report on a first avifaunal survey of the isolated montane habitats of Mt Mecula (1 442 m), Niassa National Reserve, notable as the only currently protected montane area in northern Mozambique. Mount Mecula’s moist forest is small (approximately 136 ha in total) and patchy, and although known botanically to have some montane affinities, was found to support an avifauna more typical of riparian forests of medium to low altitude. The only montane forest species recorded was Lemon Dove Aplopelia larvata. Other montane elements included Vincent’s Bunting Emberiza (capensis) vincenti, one of six species recorded new to the Niassa National Reserve list. Overall, it appears that despite its intermediate location, Mt Mecula does not represent a biogeographical ‘stepping stone’ for montane forest bird species. This probably owes to its remoteness from the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania to the north and the massifs of other parts of northern Mozambique, to the south and west.  相似文献   

14.
对石门台自然保护区鸟类组成、鸟类区系和鸟类物种多样性进行了研究.结果表明:该保护区有鸟类208种,隶属16目41科,其中国家一级重点保护鸟类有2种,国家二级重点保护鸟类有25种.在该保护区有分布的208种鸟类中,属留鸟的有156种,属冬候鸟的有 44种,属夏候鸟的有8种.根据中国动物区系的区划,石门台自然保护区分布的鸟类属东洋界物种的有136种,属古北界物种的有43种,属广布种的有29种.本文还分析和研究了石门台自然保护区鸟类区系特征、鸟类生态分布群和经济鸟类等方面的内容.  相似文献   

15.
Aim  To establish the geographical position of the biogeographical transition between Indochinese and Sundaic faunas using distributional data for the best-documented taxon, the birds.
Methods  Distributional data of 544 resident forest and forest edge bird species of Thailand and the Thai–Malay peninsula were examined at 45 sites spanning 15° of latitude from northern-most Thailand to the southern peninsular Malaysia. Sites were grouped into 23 degree or half-degree latitudinal zones and avifaunal similarity coefficients were calculated between each zone.
Results  A Mantel test revealed a significant transition between northern Indochinese and southern Sundaic (Indomalay) avifauna assemblages just north of the Isthmus of Kra (10°30' N). Northern and southern range limits of 152 species (> 269 species and subspecies combined) lie between 11° and 13° N.
Main conclusions  This transition between zoogeographical subregions is not coincident with the widely recognized transition between floristic provinces which is traditionally placed 400–500 km further south at the Kangar–Pattani line, but is associated with a change from wet seasonal evergreen dipterocarp rain forest to mixed moist deciduous forest north of the Isthmus of Kra in the northern Thai–Malay peninsula. Climatological and ecological factors associated with the distribution of forest types today are reviewed and it is hypothesized that the avian transition tracks the northern phytogeographical boundary. Palaeogeographical factors, including hypothetical Neogene seaways, which may account for the historical development of both phytogeographical and avifaunal transitions are also described.  相似文献   

16.
2005年7月~2006年8月,对四川长沙贡玛自然保护区的鸟类调查结果显示,保护区有鸟类155种,分属于15目37科.以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,占总数的80.63%.从繁殖鸟的区系上看,有东洋界成分37种,古北界成份64种,广布种23种,分别占繁殖鸟总数的29.83%、51.61%和19.56%.保护区有国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类10种,Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类21种,我国特有种11种.列入<中国濒危动物红皮书>的有19种,列入CITES(2003)名录的有21种,列入IUCN(2004)名录的有7种.鸟类栖息地受到沙化和过度放牧的威胁,亟待保护.  相似文献   

17.
Ecological structure of a pelagic seabird community in the Southern Ocean   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Summary The pelagic avifauna (excluding penguins) of the African sector (30°S–70°S, 20°W–40°E) of the Southern Ocean is described quantitatively, based on 3,005 10-min observation of seabirds during seven oceanic cruises in April 1979 – April 1980. The avifauna is characterized according to species richness, diversity, abundance and biomass. These indices are correlated with groups of birds ordered into principal diet and feeding-method classes. Birds eating either plankton, cephalopods or a mixed diet accounted for 51, 23 and 22% of the total avifaunal abundance and 22, 49 and 25% of the total biomass, respectively. Piscivores were represented poorly. Planktivores were especially abundant south of the Antarctic Convergence and, to a lesser extent, at the sub-Tropical Convergence. Cephalopod-eaters were most abundant north of the sub-Tropical Convergence. The greatest abundance of omnivores occurred where planktivores and cephalopod-eaters were least abundant. The distribution of the planktivores and cephalopodeaters is related tentatively to the availability of the birds' principal prey.  相似文献   

18.
Aim To test whether bird assemblages are shifting upwards in their elevational distribution in synchrony with current climate warming and/or habitat changes. Location A gradient of elevation in the Italian Alps (Alta Valsessera, Piedmont). Methods We used data from two recent atlas surveys performed on a 1 × 1 km grid at an 11‐year interval (1992–94 and 2003–05). We modelled the elevational gradient of avifaunal composition, using a sample‐based approach, in an effort to detect evidence for an upward elevational shift of bird zonation. Changes in species richness were controlled for. The results from this analysis were compared with those obtained using a species‐based approach. Changes in climate and landscape between the two surveys were assessed using local meteorological data and Corine Land Cover maps, respectively. Results We detected small avifaunal changes between the two surveys: (1) mean elevations increased for the majority of species, but the average change was not significantly different from zero; (2) the species richness increased, but this was mainly due to an increase in sampling effort; and (3) a change in species composition was detected, which was at the limit of significance and corresponded on average to a 29‐m upward elevational shift in the distribution of the avifauna. The shift was the same for open land and forest bird communities. During the same period, the mean temperature increased by c. 1 °C in the area, and a slight trend towards vegetation closure by woody plants was detected. Main conclusions The use of fine‐scale breeding bird atlases in mountainous regions, together with ordination methods, provides a sensitive tool to test and measure elevational shifts in species ranges, but the results have to be interpreted carefully. In our case, the observed elevational shift in the distributions of the avifauna cannot unambiguously be attributed to climate warming. This shift is smaller than expected from the regional increase in temperature, which raises the question of how closely bird distributions match climate change.  相似文献   

19.
The study was carried out in two sample plots which were set in two regions where the vegetation was protected for 8 and 3 years.The results of DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) showed that the vegetation on the north or northwest aspects in Yunmeng Mountain (Quercus liaotungensis coppice and Spiraea trilobata scrubs) has no systematic floristic difference from the vegetation which existed in the same area in 1964 with the approximate aspect under human disturbance, no matter whether they were protected for 8 or 3 years. In south and southeast slopes (Vitex negundo var. heterophylla community), the protected shrublands have larger species diversities than that of the shrublands in 1964. In addition, there is no significant difference between the communities which were protected for different periods of time. However, the number of species in protected area is larger than that in unprotected area. Furthermore, the community which is under a longer period of protection developes larger diversity. The north slopes have more species than the south slopes.The protection is helpful for communities to develope their biomass. The biomass of scrubs on the north slope is much greater than that on the south in the site where the vegetation is protected for 8 years, as well as in the site under 3 years protection. In contrast, due to the larger coverage of the scrubs on north slopes, the biomass of herbage on the south slope is much greater than that on the north slope in both sites. When compared with the biomass of the shrublands in unprotected area, the increase of biomass shows the efficiency of protection. The aboveground biomass of scrubs in both site are 2.8 and 2.2 times greater than that in unprotected area. The ratio of the total aboveground biomass of Site 1, Site 2 and the unprotected area is 2.5:2.2:1 on south aspect.  相似文献   

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