首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
本文记述了安徽古新世龟科的一新属(安徽龟属)、两新种(小市安徽龟、潜山安徽龟)以及该属的一个未定种。古新世是龟科迄今确知的最早地史记录,目前报导尚不多。就整个龟鳖类来看,古新世的材料也是比较少的。连同本文记述的,我国已知古新世龟鳖类的记录共有2科、3属、5种。  相似文献   

2.
中国鳖属的分类历史简述   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
杨萍  唐业忠  王跃招 《四川动物》2011,30(1):156-159
鳖属Pelodiscus隶属于鳖科Trionychidae,是我国分布较多的龟鳖类动物.现生龟鳖类物种繁多,中国已报道了鳖属动物4种,分别是中华鳖Pelodiscus sinensis、东北鳖Pelodiscus maackii、砂鳖Pelodiscus axenaria和小鳖Pelodiscus parviformi...  相似文献   

3.
采用PCR方法对两爪鳖(Carettochelys insculpta)和山瑞鳖(Pdea steindachneri)mtDNA的细胞色素b基因(Cytb)进行了扩增和测序,并结合GenBank中已公布的其它15种龟鳖类和两种鳄类的同源序列,进行了序列变异比较和系统发生分析.以凯门鳄和扬子鳄为外群,采用邻接(neighbor ioining,NJ)法、最大简约(maximum likelihood,ML)法和最大似然(maximum parsimony,MP)法重建分子系统树.结果均支持将龟鳖目分为3支:侧颈龟科(Pelomedusidae)(非洲侧颈龟Pelomedusa subrufa),两爪鳖科(Carettochelyidae)(两爪鳖Carettochelys insculpta)和一支由其它15种现生龟鳘类组成的进化支.在这里两爪鳘科被认为可能代表一新的亚目;而山瑞鳖聚于鳖科(Trionychidae)中,与中华鳌(Pelodiscus sinensis)最先聚成一支,再依次与马来鳖(Dogania subplana)、非洲鳖(Trionyx triunguis)、印度箱鳖(Lissemys punctata)聚成一组.  相似文献   

4.
本文报道了湖南永州都庞岭自然保护区的41 种爬行动物, 它们隶属2 目,12 科, 其中龟鳖目3 科(平胸龟科、龟科、鳖科) 3 种; 有鳞目中的蜥蜴亚目5 科(鬣蜥科、壁虎科、石龙子科、蜥蜴科、双足蜥科) 8 种;蛇亚目4 科(闪鳞蛇科、游蛇科、眼镜蛇科、蝰科) 30 种。保护区内的爬行动物有12-2% 属广布动物, 87-8% 属东洋界种类。  相似文献   

5.
海南省海口地区龟类市场贸易调查   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
2002~2004年,对海口地区龟类市场贸易进行了调查。在21个贸易市场共发现龟类23种2572只,其中淡水龟科17种,鳖科4种,陆龟科1种,鳄龟科1种;国外龟类12种,占种数的52%,中国和国外共有龟类11种,占种数的48%;在海南岛分布的龟类有7种,占种数的30%;在23种龟中,10种为濒危物种,1种为易危物种,11种为CITES(2003)附录Ⅱ物种。调查表明,市场上的国外龟类在种类和数量上占绝对优势,一些国家保护龟类也出现在贸易市场上。本文对海口地区龟类市场贸易现状进行了分析和讨论。  相似文献   

6.
海南尖峰岭自然保护区淡水龟类调查   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
2005年3~4月,采用野外调查和访问调查结合的方法,对尖峰岭自然保护区淡水龟类进行了专项调查。在海拔300~1 000 m设5个研究样区,采用系统抽样法在样区内选取443个研究样点,用笼捕法进行调查。野外调查共发现淡水龟类3种11只,包括8只平胸龟(Platysternon megacephalum)、2只四眼斑水龟(Sacalia quadriocellata)和1只锯缘摄龟(Pyxidea mouhotii)。访问调查得知当地还有黄额闭壳龟(Cuora galbinifrons)、三线闭壳龟(C.trifasciata)、中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)和山瑞鳖(Palea steindachneri)分布。研究表明,尖峰岭自然保护区淡水龟类至少有2科7种,约占海南淡水龟类总种数的60%,其中四眼斑水龟和锯缘摄龟为本次调查到的尖峰岭淡水龟的新记录,三线闭壳龟和山瑞鳖为访问新记录。保护区内淡水龟类种群密度非常低,人为捕猎对淡水龟类资源破坏严重,需要加强保护和管理。  相似文献   

7.
广州市花地湾市场宠物两栖动物调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
通过对广州市花地湾花鸟鱼虫市场两栖类宠物贸易进行为期3年27次调查,共记录贸易两栖类类44种,隶属2目16科35属。有尾目(Caudata)2科7属8种,钝口螈科(Ambystomatidae)1属2种,蝾螈科(Salamandridae)6属6种;无尾目(Anura)14科28属36种,铃蟾科(Bombinatoridae)1属1种,蟾蜍科(Bufonidae)3属3种,角花蟾科(Ceratophryidae)2属5种,其中1种为杂交种,丛蛙科(Dendrobatidae)2属4种,雨蛙科(Hylidae)3属5种,非洲树蛙科(Hyperoliidae)1属1种,角蟾科(Megophryidae)2属2种,姬蛙科(Microhylidae)5属6种,澳雨蛙科(Pelodryadidae)1属1种,叶泡蛙科(Phyllomedusidae)1属1种,负子蟾科(Pipidae)1属1种,箱头蛙科(Pyxicephalidae)1属1种,蛙科(Ranidae)2属2种,树蛙科(Rhacophoridae)3属3种。分布于国内的两栖类16种,外来物种共28种。受保护种类26种,所占比例达59.09%。讨论了两栖类宠物贸易对国内外珍稀濒危种类保护的压力、对生态系统的压力和对两爬类研究的影响。  相似文献   

8.
正四爪陆龟(Testudo horsfeldii)又名草原龟,俗称旱龟、鳖盖,隶属于爬行纲(Reptilia)龟鳖目(Testudoformes)陆龟科(Testudinidae)陆龟属(史海涛1998)。四爪陆龟的标本最早由新疆大学许设科等于1957年在新疆伊犁州霍城县芦草沟乡采集(许设科等1984),并于1973作为中国新记录种首次报道(赵尔宓1973)。该物种目前在中国已知的分布区仅局限于新疆霍城四爪陆龟国家级自然保护区,其他地  相似文献   

9.
<正> 龟科(Emydidae)和陆龟科(Tesrudinidae)同是隐颈龟亚目(Cryptodira,也叫曲颈龟亚目)中两类最为常见的主要类群。它们不仅有为数众多的化石种类,其现生种类的总数也占所有现生龟鳖类的三分之二。这两科龟类在其起源、地史分布、甚至某些形态构造方面,都有一定的相近之处,无怪有的学者主张将两科合并为一科,但也有持不同意见的。笔者在从事化石龟鳖类的研究过程中,对于这两类动物,有时也遇到某些疑难问题,特别是  相似文献   

10.
四爪陆龟   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
四爪陆龟许设科,张富春(新疆大学生物系乌鲁木齐830046)四爪陆龟(Testudohon方eldiGray)又叫草原龟、中亚龟、旱龟、鳖盖、塔西帕卡(维吾尔语)、塔斯帕卡(哈萨克语),属龟鳖目、龟科、陆龟亚科。陆龟在我国共有3种:缅甸陆龟,分布在广...  相似文献   

11.
12.
Synopsis Billfishes have long been known to impale a great variety of objects, but there are only two brief, obscure records of marine turtles being speared. Details are presented on these two, as well as on two other confirmed records; data from two additional unconfirmed records are also presented. In total, three species of marine turtles are known to have been impaled by three species of billfishes; a fourth species of fish and a fourth species turtle are listed in an unconfirmed case. Records come from the eastern and western Pacific as well as the eastern Atlantic. Of the four confirmed cases, the turtles survived in two, and apparently died as an effect of the spearing in the other two. In three confirmed cases only the impaled rostrum was encountered, and in one confirmed case the entire fish was found, with its rostrum piercing the turtle. There is no obvious advantage — or clear disadvantage — involved in impaling turtles. It is argued that these attacks are accidental, and the result of attempts made by the billfish to capture prey that are near the turtle. These spearings indicate that the chelonians serve as shelters for prey animals on the high seas, and thus, are further evidence of the pelagic existence of marine turtles. The impalings are evidence of a singular ecological role of the turtles — as live fish aggregation devices.  相似文献   

13.
安徽是濒危物种黄缘闭壳龟的重要分布区之一,由于人类活动使得该龟栖息地日益减少,生存空间被挤占。加之近年来日益频繁的黄缘闭壳龟贸易所带来的肆意滥捕以及缺乏有效的保护措施,导致其野生种群衰减严重,数量已经十分稀少,同时买卖和饲养也进一步加剧了黄缘闭壳龟的非自然扩散和引入。目前黄缘闭壳龟在安徽的具体产地一直缺乏一个较为科学的研究,而了解黄缘闭壳龟在安徽的具体分布状况,对于该龟的保护至关重要。2011年—2012年5月至10月间,采用市场和访问调查以及野外实地调查相结合的方法,对安徽黄缘闭壳龟野生种群现状进行了研究,并对调查结果进行了报道,同时针对保护管理中存在的问题,提出相应的保护建议。  相似文献   

14.
The concept of the adaptive landscape has been invaluable to evolutionary biologists for visualizing the dynamics of selection and adaptation, and is increasingly being used to study morpho‐functional data. Here, we construct adaptive landscapes to explore functional trade‐offs associated with variation in humerus morphology among turtles adapted to three different locomotor environments: marine, semiaquatic, and terrestrial. Humerus shape from 40 species of cryptodire turtles was quantified using a pseudolandmark approach. Hypothetical shapes were extracted in a grid across morphospace and four functional traits (strength, stride length, mechanical advantage, and hydrodynamics) measured on those shapes. Quantitative trait modeling was used to construct adaptive landscapes that optimize the functional traits for each of the three locomotor ecologies. Our data show that turtles living in different environments have statistically different humeral shapes. The optimum adaptive landscape for each ecology is defined by a different combination of performance trade‐offs, with turtle species clustering around their respective adaptive peak. Further, species adhere to pareto fronts between marine–semiaquatic and semiaquatic–terrestrial optima, but not between marine–terrestrial. Our study demonstrates the utility of adaptive landscapes in informing the link between form, function, and ecological adaptation, and establishes a framework for reconstructing turtle ecological evolution using isolated humeri from the fossil record.  相似文献   

15.
The Southeast Asian box turtle (Cuora amboinensis) is numerically the most important turtle exported from Indonesia. Listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN, this turtle is heavily harvested and exported for food and traditional medicine in China and for the pet trade primarily in the United States, Europe, and Japan. Despite its significance in global markets, relatively little is known about the species’ ecology or importance to ecosystems. We conducted our research in a national park in Sulawesi, Indonesia, and our objectives were to quantify trophic breadth, capacity for seed dispersal between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and whether ingestion of seeds by C. amboinensis enhances germination. We obtained diet samples from 200 individual turtles and found that the species is omnivorous, exhibiting an ontogenetic shift from more carnivorous to more omnivorous. Both subadults and adults scavenged on other vertebrates. In a seed passage experiment, turtles passed seeds for 2?9 days after ingestion. Radio‐tracked turtles moved, on average, about 35 m per day, indicating that seeds from ingested fruits, given seed passage durations, could be dispersed 70?313 m from the parent tree and potentially between wetland and upland ecosystems. In a seed germination experiment, we found that ingestion of seeds by turtles enhanced germination, as compared with control seeds, for four of six plant species tested. Of these, two are common in the national park, making up a significant proportion of plant biomass in lowland swamp forest and around ephemeral pools in savanna, and are highly valued outside of the park for their lumber for construction of houses, furniture, and boats. Protection of C. amboinensis populations may be important for maintaining trophic linkages that benefit biodiversity, communities, and local economies.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Sea turtles were targeted by fisheries in the Mediterranean from 1920 to 1970 and have undergone severe exploitation. At least 30,000 to 40,000 turtles were caught along the Palestinian coastline during the 1920s to 1930s. Although intentional cap- ture of marine turtles is now illegal, sea turtles are still incidentally caught by the fishing industry, making it a major cause of sea turtle mortality. The present study as- sesses the impact of the Israeli fishery fleet on the turtle population in the Levantine basin based on on-board observations and a fishermen survey. The results show that gillnets and trawlers are the main threats to sea turtles in this area. 21 turtles were caught during 1385.5 hours of trawling observations – a catch rate of 0.015 turtles per hour. We estimate that a total of 1,315 turtles are caught annually by Israeli trawlers. According to the fishermen survey, ~21 turtles are caught each year by a single gillnet vessel, yielding an annual estimate of 1,672 turtles for the whole gillnet fleet. We have also found that only a small fraction of the turtles injured by trawlers is represented in the strandings. The mortality rate through trawling and the stranding density is the highest in the region, emphasizing the urgent need to regulate the Israe- li fishery. This fishery poses a major threat to the whole Levantine sea turtle popula- tion, especially during the vulnerable reproduction stage.  相似文献   

18.
Distribution patterns of epibiotic barnacles on green sea turtles were investigated in waters neighboring Okinawa, Japan. A number of barnacle species were found to coexist on the turtles and were classified into three genera: Chelonibia, Platylepas and Stomatolepas. Attachment sites on the turtles varied among the barnacle species, suggesting that there is niche partitioning with respect to their microhabitat selection. Turtle bodies offer a “patchy” environment for barnacles, so we also analyzed coexistence patterns in the context of an aggregation model. Within each genus, individual barnacles showed a clumped distribution. The different genera do not have mutually exclusive distribution patterns, but instead occur on the same turtle to various degrees. However, when turtles were divided into two size classes, both the level of aggregation and the degree of interspecific overlap among the barnacles was significantly lower on large turtles. We suggest that obtaining basic information on turtle epibionts will shed light on the biology of wild turtles, which is still largely unknown.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号