重组人粒系集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)对白血病细胞HL-60生长的影响

本文研究了rhG CSF对人白血病细胞系HL 6 0的作用。结果表明 :rhG CSF能够显著抑制HL 6 0细胞生长和C myc基因的表达 ,降低3H TdR的摄入。在含rhG CSF的培养液中经过 2～ 5天的培养 ,部分HL 6 0细胞具备NBT还原能力。这或许说明rhG CSF能导致HL 6 0细胞向成熟方向分化的结果。     

合成成骨生长肽的骨内外成骨活性

利用固相多肽合成人成骨生长肽（sOGP),纯度达99．2％,HPLC及毛细管电泳均一,蛋白质序列分析和质谱分析符合理论值。在体内我们观察了sOGP对兔胫骨骨折愈合的药效。用血生化、X射线、骨密度、组织学外骨痂分析、生物力学等方面测得sOGP能显著促进新生骨形成,明显增加成骨活性蛋白碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和骨钙素（BGP）的血清水平,对兔胫骨不稳定的横断骨折愈合具有一定的促进作用。尤其是实验组骨密度和外骨痂中小梁骨成分显著地加的数据,具有统计学意义。还观察了sOGP在没介质中对原代成骨细胞的成骨活性。在体外sOGP低剂量(10^-11mol/L）对原代成骨细胞有明显的增殖作用,表现双向调节。有趣的是sOGP在体外的成骨活性作用必须有血清白蛋白（BSA）和血清中某些因子的参与。     

重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子Cdna在哺乳动物细胞中高效表达的研究

利用PCR反应、DNA测序、基因重组等技术,构建了两个表达人粒细胞集落刺激因子cDNA的重组质粒pED－GCSF和pEF－GCSF,两质粒分别转染COS7细胞作瞬时表达,转染CHO－dhfr－细胞作稳定表达。结果两质粒在COS7细胞和CHO细胞均获得了表达,pED－GCSF转染COS7细胞48h、72h的表达量分别为5.2×10⁴pg/ml和2.3×10⁵pg/ml,pEF－GCSF转染COS7细胞后48h、72h的表达量分别为2.8×10⁵pg/ml和1.4×10⁵pg/ml。转染CHO－dhfr－细胞,随着加入的氨甲喋呤(MTX)浓度升高,CHO－dhfr+克隆数减少,但平均每个克隆的rhG－CSF表达量升高,在0.5μmol/L MTX下最高表达rhG－CSF细胞株的量是4.46μg/ml/3d。且表达的rhG－CSF注射小鼠腹腔可提高小鼠外周血白细胞的数量。     

Simvastatin与rhG—CSF促进兔颈总动脉球囊损伤后内膜修复的实验研究

目的：观察辛伐他汀及重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG—CSF）在兔颈总动脉内膜损伤后对血管壁变化及外周血中CD34＋细胞含量的影响。方法：雄性新西兰大白兔48只,随机均分为：单纯损伤组,辛伐他汀组,rhG—CSF组及辛伐他汀和rhG—CSF联合组（简称联合组）,建立兔左颈总动脉内膜球囊导管损伤模型,术后给予辛伐他汀（10mg／kg／d经胃灌入）及rhG．CSF（100μg／a皮下注射）干预治疗,每组分别于术前1d、术后7d、14d、21d、28d抽取静脉血2ml,经流式细胞仪检测外周血中CD34＋细胞含量;4周后处死所有动物取损伤段血管,弹力纤维染色,计算内膜厚度、中膜厚度、管腔面积（S）、内膜面积（si）、中膜面积（Sm）TLSi／Sm比值评价血管再狭窄程度。结果：①术前4组之间相比外周血CD34＋细胞含量无明显差异（P〉0．05）;术后7d时各组外周血CD34＋细胞含量最高,后逐渐下降,28d较低,但仍高于术前含量;rhG—CSF组及联合组与对照组相比外周血CD34＋细胞明显增多（P〈O．01,P〈0．01）;术后7d、14天时辛伐他汀组与单纯损伤组相比外周血cD34＋细胞无明显差别（P〉0．05）。术后21d、28天时辛伐他汀组与单纯损伤组相比外周血CD34＋细胞有显著差异（P〈0．05）。②与单纯损伤组相比辛伐他汀组、rhG—CSF组及联合组Si／Sm比值明显减小（P〈0．05）;辛伐他汀组和rhG—CSF组两组间比较无显著差别（P〉0．05）;联合组分别与辛伐他汀组、rhG-CSF组比较血管内膜增生更少,具有显著性（P〈0．01,P〈0．01）,结论：本实验研究发现辛伐他汀可促进损伤内膜修复及预防血管再狭窄,长期服用可以增加外周血CD34＋细胞;rhG—CSF可明显增加外周血CD34＋细胞及预防血管在狭窄;辛伐他汀与rhG—CSF联合用药可明显增加外周血CD34＋细胞、加速内皮修复与预防再狭窄,较单一用药具有更好的疗效。     

喘可治对辐射损伤小鼠造血与免疫重建的作用

目的：研究喘可治对辐射损伤后小鼠造血和免疫重建的影响。方法：建立小鼠辐射损伤模型,通过腹腔注射给药喘可治（CKZ）和重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,rhG-CSF）注射液,利用血细胞自动分析仪和流式细胞术分析辐射后小鼠外周血象和骨髓干细胞的变化规律。结果：CKZ组外周血象显示造血和免疫系统恢复显著高于rhG．CSF组,P〈0．05;骨髓干细胞虽有一定恢复,但不如rhG—CSF组,P〈0．05。结论：喘可治可促进辐射损伤后小鼠造血和免疫重建,促进骨髓干、祖细胞的释放与分化可能是其机制之一。     

Smad3基因剔除对小鼠造血功能的影响

研究Smad3基因剔除对小鼠造血功能的影响。实验小鼠分为 5组 ,每组有Smad3基因剔除小鼠(Smad3 - - )和其同窝孪生的野生型小鼠 (Smad3 + + )各 1只。小鼠的造血功能用 14天形成的脾结节 (CFU S1 4 )、多系祖细胞 (CFU GEMM)、粒 单系祖细胞 (CFU GM)、红系祖细胞 (BFU E)测定及外周血象、骨髓象等实验血液学指标来确定。每组小鼠取尾血作白细胞、红细胞和血小板计数 ,涂片作白细胞分类计数。将一侧股骨的骨髓冲出 ,制成单细胞悬液 ,计数其中有核细胞数 ,测定CFU GM、BFU E、CFU GEMM值。将每只小鼠的 4× 10 4个骨髓有核细胞 ,经尾静脉注入 3只 8～ 10周经致死量射线照射的同系雌性小鼠体内 ,测定 14天的CFU S。取一部分胸骨、肝脏、脾脏固定做病理切片 ,其余胸骨冲出骨髓 ,涂片作分类计数。结果Smad3 - - 小鼠外周血白细胞和血小板计数明显高于Smad3 + + 小鼠 ,红细胞数无显著差异。外周血白细胞分类结果也表明粒细胞显著增高。骨髓有核细胞数无显著差异 ,CFU GM显著增高 ,BFU E无显著差异 ,CFU GEMM明显减少 ,CFU S显著减少。病理形态学观察发现骨髓增生极度活跃 ,以粒系为主 ,肝脾无显著差别。骨髓涂片分类表明粒系增多 ,粒系 :红系比例增高。因此得出结论Smad3基因剔除使小鼠造血干祖细胞数目     

RunX3对小鼠骨髓造血干细胞功能的影响

目的研究RunX3基因对造血干细胞自我更新和分化能力的影响。方法流式细胞术测定小鼠骨髓干细胞和外周血单个核细胞的比例;通过竞争性骨髓移植实验检测RunX3转基因小鼠骨髓干细胞的功能。结果移植后来源于RunX3-/-小鼠骨髓干细胞供体的外周血细胞占总外周血细胞的比例与野生对照鼠相比无明显差异,移植后来源于RunX3-/-小鼠骨髓干细胞供体的外周血中髓系细胞占总外周血髓系细胞的比例较野生型对照鼠高。结论RunX3基因缺失对骨髓造血干细胞的自我更新没有影响,但其可能参与了骨髓造血干细胞的分化过程。     

兔骨髓基质干细胞向血管内皮样细胞的诱导分化

目的:研究血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)联合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)促进兔骨髓基质干细胞向血管内皮样细胞的定向诱导分化,为血管化组织工程骨研究提供实验基础.方法:采集2周龄兔后肢长骨骨髓,用全骨骨髓贴壁法进行原代培养,将获得的第2代骨髓基质干细胞以1× 105/mL密度接种于内皮细胞条件培养基(含10 μg/L VEGF,10 μg/L bFGF,10％胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养液)进行体外诱导培养,对诱导2周的细胞进行细胞形态观察和表型、功能鉴定.结果:经血管内皮细胞条件培养基诱导2周后的细胞呈扁平形,多边形,表达血管内皮细胞特异性标志CD31、VWF因子,细胞具有吞噬DiI-Ac-LDL和摄取FITC-UEA-1的功能,诱导的细胞可在BD基质胶内形成管腔样结构.结论:血管内皮细胞生长因子联合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子可以成功诱导兔骨髓基质干细胞为血管内皮样细胞,有希望作为组织工程骨的血管化的种子细胞.     

影响人骨髓CFU-C产率某些因素的分析

在CFU-C(粒系或单核-巨噬细胞集落生成单位)体外琼脂培养中,只有在CSF(细胞集落生成刺激因子)的作用下粒系祖细胞才能增殖、分化,生长成为细胞集落。CSF来源广泛,其刺激活力文献报告不一。此外,CFU-C产率波动较大,影响因素甚多。本文在相同的实验条件下,比较了不同来源的CSF刺激活力,并对影响CFU-C产率的某些因素进行了分析。     

骨髓来源的间充质干细胞分化能力的鉴定

本文研究了人骨髓来源的间充质干细胞(MSCs)的成骨及成脂分化的潜能.通过加入诱导成骨的诱导剂,人的MSCs出现成骨分化的机箱,通过碱性磷酸酶活性测定,茜素红染色及主要调控基因BMP2和Runx2的表达,确定了MSCs具有成骨分化的潜能.对于成脂分化,通过油红O染色,及主要标志基因PPARγ的表达确定其具有成脂分化的潜能.所以,从骨髓分离的到的MSCs纯度达到标准,并且具有成骨成脂分化的多向潜能,是一种理想的实验模型细胞.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.