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1.
云南个旧锡矿区可培养细菌多样性及其重金属抗性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
摘要:【目的】揭示个旧锡矿区尾矿库和矿坑土壤中可培养细菌的多样性;发掘一批锡矿区土壤细菌菌株并对其Pb2+、Cd2+耐受性进行评价。【方法】采用纯培养法和基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析对样品中可培养细菌多样性进行研究,平板法评价代表菌株对Pb2+、Cd2+的耐受性。【结果】使用2种培养基从尾矿库和矿坑土壤中分离到214 株细菌,对其中107株代表菌株的16S rRNA基因序列系统发育分析结果显示,菌株分属细菌域的5个门、12个目、25个科、42个属;其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是优势类群,占总菌株数的69.2%;假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)菌株是优势物种,占24.8%;2株菌代表了2个潜在新类群。对105株代表性菌株的重金属耐受性研究表明,耐受浓度1000 mg/LPb2+或Cd2+的菌株分别占73.3%和8.6%,菌株对Pb2+的耐受性明显好于Cd2+;分离自锡尾矿库的菌株耐受不同浓度Pb2 +和Cd2 +菌株比例明显高于矿坑来源的菌株;分离自锡尾矿区的2 株菌(DT47-2A 和DT50-1)对1000 mg/L浓度Pb2+和Cd2+均具耐受性。【结论】个旧锡矿区土壤可培养细菌具有丰富的多样性,而且蕴含着不少潜在新类群;该环境中含有大量Pb2+、Cd2+耐受菌株,并对Pb2+、Cd2+具有较强的抗性或适应性。  相似文献   

2.
6种重金属对赤子爱胜蚓的急性毒性效应与风险评价   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
【背景】近年来,土壤重金属污染问题日益凸显,对生态环境、食品安全和人体健康构成了严重威胁,其急性毒性尚未明确。【方法】采用滤纸接触法和人工土壤法测定了铜(Cu2+)、锌(Zn2+)、镍(Ni+)、镉(Cd2+)、铅(Pb2+)和锰(Mn2+)等6种重金属对赤子爱胜蚓的急性毒性效应,并参照欧盟指令91/414/EEC标准评价了其环境风险。【结果】滤纸接触法48h测定结果表明,6种重金属对蚯蚓的LC50为3.17(2.53~3.81)~90.42(69.45~140.47)μg.cm-2,其毒性次序为Cu2+>Zn2+>Ni+>Cd2+>Pb2+>Mn2+。人工土壤法14d测定结果表明,6种重金属对蚯蚓的LC50为1347(1236~1453)~6936(6144~8930)mg.kg-1,其毒性次序为Cu2+>Cd2+>Ni+>Zn2+>Mn2+>Pb2+。风险评价结果显示,Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni+、Cd2+、Pb2+和Mn2+等6种重金属的暴露比(toxicity/exposureratio,TER)分别为3.37、4.46、8.68、1428、13.87和5.85。【结论与意义】6种重金属对土壤动物蚯蚓均具有潜在的毒性效应。Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni+、Mn2+等4种重金属对赤子爱胜蚓存在急性毒性风险,而Cd2+和Pb2+对赤子爱胜蚓的急性毒性风险水平是可接受的。该评价结果可为我国制定基于风险的土壤环境质量标准提供依据。  相似文献   

3.
江苏省典型区农田土壤及小麦中重金属含量与评价   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20       下载免费PDF全文
为了研究江苏省典型区地震带农田土壤和小麦中重金属的污染,在具有代表性的农田采集收获期小麦及耕层土壤,分析和评价了土壤和小麦中重金属Cu、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr、Hg、As和Zn的含量及污染程度。结果表明,土壤样品中Cd、Zn、Pb的含量均超过江苏省土壤背景值,Cr、Cu、Ni和As分别有25.64%、97.44%、92.31%和92.31%的土壤样品中超过江苏省土壤背景值,Hg的含量均在背景值以下;与国家土壤环境质量标准(GB15618—1995)中Ⅱ级标准相比,Cd的含量均超出标准限值,其它7种重金属元素含量均在标准限值以下。土壤中重金属相关分析表明,Cd、Cu、Cr、Ni、Pb、Zn、As具有相同的来源的可能性较大,而Hg与Cd、Cu、Cr、Ni、Pb、Zn、As的来源均不相同。以NY 861—2004为评价标准,小麦籽粒Pb、Cr、Hg、Ni、As样品超标率分别为100%、58.97%、33.33%、10.26%、2.56%,Cu、Zn和Cd没有样品超标,由此可见小麦籽粒中Pb的污染最为严重。采用单因子污染指数法、综合污染指数法和Hakanson潜在生态评价指数法以国家土壤环境质量标准(GB15618—1995)和江苏省土壤背景值为参比值,对农田土壤重金属污染进行评价,结果显示,从单项污染指数来看只有Cd达到重度污染水平,其它元素均在安全范围以内,从综合污染指数来看土壤重金属污染达到中度污染水平,从潜在生态评价指数法来看,研究区域表现为很强的生态危害,并以Cd为主要污染因子。  相似文献   

4.
赣南钨矿区土壤重金属含量与植物富集特征   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对赣州大余县境内四大国有钨矿(西华山、荡坪、漂塘、下垄)的尾砂库区土壤和植物重金属含量进行了分析,结果表明:尾砂库区土壤受到重金属Zn、Cd、Mo、Cu、Pb与W的污染,而且Cd和Mo含量较高;在4个尾砂库区中,下垄矿区尾砂库的重金属污染比其他3个尾砂库严重.4个尾砂库区共出现了53种植物,隶属31科52属,这些植物重金属富集系数的高低顺序为Zn>Cd>Mo>Cu>Pb>W.另外,植物不同的耐性机制使它们对重金属的富集表现出不同特性,芒箕、龙葵、酸模等植物地上部富集较多重金属,可用于污染土壤的植物修复;乌毛蕨、梵天花和狗脊蕨等在根部富集较多重金属,可用于植物固化技术;狗尾草、鬼针草、白苏富集极少重金属,可作为矿区废弃地植被重建的先锋物种.  相似文献   

5.
土著重金属抗性细菌强化对尾矿重金属的活化作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
重金属抗性细菌可通过多种机制影响重金属在环境中的可移动性。以梅坑尾矿为研究对象调查了土著重金属抗性细菌强化对重金属化学形态的影响。该尾矿富含Pb(3947.285 mg/kg)和Zn(6202.939 mg/kg),Pb、Zn和Cd主要集中于铁锰氧化物结合态和残渣态,但Cu却主要集中于有机结合态和残渣态。经3周连续强化和7周淹水培养后,尾矿中铁锰氧化物结合态金属总体下降,但可交换态、碳酸盐结合态和有机结合态金属上升,说明土著重金属抗性细菌对尾矿重金属有明显的活化作用。其中Bacillus Z7的活化效果最显著,通过该菌强化,尾矿中的铁锰氧化物结合态Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn分别下降了35.42%(2.991 mg/kg)、33.29%(981.867 mg/kg)、30.57%(1.761mg/kg)和29.29%(803.165 mg/kg)。因此,这些细菌,尤其是Bacillus Z7,可以和超级累植物一起用于尾矿的萃取修复。  相似文献   

6.
以贵阳市某城郊菜地0—100 cm垂直剖面土壤为实验对象, 分析剖面土壤中8种重金属元素垂向分布迁移规律, 并采用主成分分析(PCA)、正定因子分解模型(PMF)和Pb同位素示踪技术对重金属污染来源进行解析。结果表明, 剖面土壤大部分深度的重金属含量超出背景值; Ni、Cu、Pb、Cd和Hg均存在不同程度的富集, As在整个剖面表现为丢失, Cr和Zn变化较小; 淋洗迁移特征表明, Pb和Cd淋洗迁移现象较为活跃, 富集因子分析表明仅Hg含量受人为源输入相对较多, 其他重金属受人为污染程度较弱; PCA、PMF和Pb同位素示踪研究表明, 剖面土壤重金属主要为自然来源, 其次为农业污染和燃煤消耗等人类活动。三种源解析方法结果吻合, 能够构成互补的多元源解析体系。  相似文献   

7.
铜陵铜尾矿凤丹种植基地重金属污染初探   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
通过对安徽铜陵凤凰山铜尾矿凤丹种植基地土壤和凤丹中重金属污染状况进行采样分析.结果表明,在尾矿空白地和凤丹种植地土壤中Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn元素含量、存在形态差异明显,说明凤丹对尾矿土壤的修复效果明显; 尾矿土壤中的Cu、Cd元素总量分别是国家土壤环境质量二级标准的4.36~14.43倍和3.67~3.86倍,凤丹种植地重金属元素的CPI指数达到5.607,表明尾矿土壤中重金属元素污染仍相当严重.研究发现,4种元素在凤丹各部位含量明显不同: 叶和根心为Cu>Zn>Pb>Cd,茎和根皮为Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd,根皮中Zn含量最高;土壤中重金属元素各形态的变化与凤丹体内相应元素总量无显著相关; 丹皮内Cu、Cd、Pb元素含量与丹龄之间相关系数分别为0.842、0.993、0.992,Cu、Cd元素在凤丹体内含量约是出口药用植物绿色行业限量指标的1.43~2.53倍和1.17~3.17倍,可见缩短栽种时间可有效减少重金属元素对丹皮药效的影响.  相似文献   

8.
李大乐  陈建文  张红  李君剑 《生态学报》2021,41(21):8472-8483
重金属的毒性系数(The Toxic Factor,TF)是评价重金属潜在生态风险指数(potential ecological risk index,RI)的关键参数。为了探究基于Hakanson提出的TF值是否适用于重金属对土壤微生物的生态风险评估,以TF值为5和30的铅(Pb)和镉(Cd)构建土壤微宇宙试验,构建不同的RI水平(100、200和400),通过Biolog-ECO板和高通量测序技术分析了Pb和Cd分别对细菌功能多样性及群落结构的影响。结果表明,对照处理(CK)的细菌丰度、功能多样性(Shannon指数,Simpson指数和McIntosh指数)和基因多样性(ACE和Chao1指数)均大于Pb、Cd污染的土壤,随着RI水平的升高,Pb和Cd污染土壤中细菌的丰度、功能多样性(Shannon指数和McIntosh指数)和基因多样性(Chao1指数和ACE指数)呈下降趋势。相同RI水平下,Pb污染土壤中细菌群落的丰度、平均颜色变化率(AWCD)、功能多样性指数、OTUs数和基因多样性指数均显著大于Cd污染(P<0.05);6大类碳源利用率及主成分(PCA)分析表明,Pb污染土壤中细菌对糖类和羧酸的利用率均显著大于Cd污染(P<0.05),在不同RI水平和重金属比例下,碳源利用模式而有所不同。同一RI水平下,相对于Pb污染,Cd污染土壤中变形菌门的相对丰度较为丰富,而绿弯菌门的相对丰度稀少;Pb和Cd污染土壤中慢生根瘤菌属、鞘脂单胞菌属、链霉菌属和norank_f__Roseiflexaceae等不同属细菌相对丰度表现出差异性。上述结果表明Hakanson提出的TF值并不适用于评估重金属Pb和Cd对土壤微生物的潜在生态风险。  相似文献   

9.
五节芒对重金属污染土壤微生物生物量和呼吸的影响   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
选择3个五节芒在重金属污染地的定居点作为研究样地,其中两个为Pb/Zn矿尾矿砂堆积地(W:黄岩铅锌尾矿;Y:三门铅锌尾矿),一个为冶炼厂附近污染农田(N),分别测定其根围与根际土壤微生物基础呼吸、微生物量碳、微生物量氮、土壤理化特性和土壤重金属含量.结果表明:根际土壤微生物基础呼吸和微生物量氮均显著地高于根围土壤(P<0.05),除了N样地外,微生物量碳在根围与根际之间差异不显著(P>0.05).根际土壤有机碳、总氮(Y样地除外)和离子交换量(N样地除外)低于根围土壤.根际重金属(Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd)总量与DTPA(二乙三胺五乙酸)可提取量普遍低于根围土壤.冗余分析(RDA)表明,根围和根际土壤微生物与土壤理化特性呈不同程度的正相关,而与土壤重金属含量呈现不同程度的负相关.主分量及回归分析同样证明土壤微生物总体变化与土壤理化特性呈正相关(根围R2=0.653;根际R2=0.690),而与重金属含量呈负相关(根围R2=0.610;根际R2=0.662).  相似文献   

10.
福建省耕地土壤重金属含量和可浸提性研究   总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8  
测定了福建省6市、县耕地土壤中的Cu、Zn、Cd、Ni、Pb、Hg、As等7种重金属元素的全量和可浸提态含量,并对测定结果进行了数理统计。结果表明,福建省耕地土壤存在着不同程度的重金属污染,但依元素不同而不同,重金属可浸提态含量占全量的10.0?52.2 Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Ni的可浸提态含量与全量之间的相关达极显著水平,Zn、Cd、Pb、As等4元素含量之间存在着显著正相关,而Ni则只与Zn元素有极显著正相关,Cu和Hg与其它重金属元素的相关则均不显著。  相似文献   

11.
湖南柿竹园矿区土壤重金属含量及植物吸收特征   总被引:54,自引:1,他引:53  
矿区重金属污染十分严重,寻找和发现适合当地气候与土壤条件的重金属耐性植物是矿区植被恢复和污染土壤修复的前提。对我国湖南柿竹园有色金属矿区调查发现,该地区选矿厂的重金属污染问题普遍比尾砂库严重。选矿厂土壤砷、镉、铅、锌严重超标,尾砂库周围也受到不同程度的重金属污染。土壤重金属胁迫效应影响着植物物种分布,选矿厂物种分布较少,相比之下尾砂库的植物多样性较为丰富。柿竹园矿区植物对重金属的吸收表现为富集型(如蜈蚣草Pteris Vittata L .和苎麻Boehmerianivea (L .) Gaud.)、根部囤积型(如攀倒甑Patrinia villosa和木贼Equisetum hyemale)和规避型(如蔓出卷柏Selaginelladavidii Franch和芒草Miscanthus sinensis Andlerss)等3种类型。  相似文献   

12.
The composition of free-living nitrogen-fixing microbial communities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of pioneer plants growing on wastelands of copper mine tailings was studied by the presence of nifH genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denatured Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) approach. Eleven rhizosphere tailing samples and nine non-rhizosphere tailing samples from six plant communities were collected from two wastelands with different discarded periods. The nested PCR method was used to amplify the nifH genes from environmental DNA extracted from tailing samples. Twenty-two of 37 nifH gene sequences retrieved from DGGE gels clustered in Proteobacteria (α-Proteobacteria and β-Proteobacteria) and 15 nifH gene sequences in Cyanobacteria. Most nifH gene fragments sequenced were closely related to uncultured bacteria and cyanobacteria and exhibited less than 90% nucleotide acid identity with bacteria in the database, suggesting that the nifH gene fragments detected in copper mine tailings may represent novel sequences of nitrogen-fixers. Our results indicated that the non-rhizosphere tailings generally presented higher diversity of nitrogen-fixers than rhizosphere tailings and the diversity of free-living nitrogen-fixers in tailing samples was mainly affected by the physico-chemical properties of the wastelands and plant species, especially the changes of nutrient and heavy metal contents caused by the colonization of plant community.  相似文献   

13.
The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in the environment and several important food sources grown and consumed in the vicinity of Dabaoshan mine in Southern China, and evaluate potential health risks among local residents. The Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn concentrations of arable soils and well water near the mines exceeded the quality standard values. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in some food crops (rice grain, vegetable and soybean) samples were significantly higher than the maximum permissible level. The Cd and Pb concentrations in half of the chicken and fish meat samples were higher than the national standard. The residents living near Dabaoshan mine had higher Cd and Pb levels in hair than those of a non-exposed population. The intake of rice was identified as a major contributor to the estimated daily intake of these metals by the residents. The hazard index values for adults and children were 10.25 and 11.11, respectively, with most of the estimated risks coming from the intake of home-grown rice and vegetables. This study highlights the importance of multiple pathways in studying health risk assessment of heavy metal exposure in China.  相似文献   

14.
Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization during the last two decades, contamination of urban agricultural soils by heavy metals is on an increase all over China. In this study, fifty soil samples were collected from urban vegetable fields in a chemical industrial area and non chemical industrial area in Jilin City to investigate the heavy metal pollution level. The mean Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd contents (30.84, 65.65, 26.41, 23.07, 135.14, and 0.1434 mg kg?1 dry weight, respectively) in the urban vegetable soils were higher than their corresponding natural background values. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the possible sources of metal contamination in the study area. The results indicated that Cu and Zn were mainly from industrial activities, while Pb and Cd were derived from traffic activities and agricultural activities, and Cr and Ni tended to be from parent material. The distribution of comprehensive pollution index values showed that Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd concentrations in most of the agricultural fields did not exceed the baseline values affecting the safety of agricultural production and human health according to the soil environmental quality standard of China, indicating an insignificant contamination of these metals in Jilin City.  相似文献   

15.
重庆溶溪锰矿区土壤重金属污染评价及植物吸收特征   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
黄小娟  江长胜  郝庆菊 《生态学报》2014,34(15):4201-4211
对重庆溶溪锰矿尾渣堆积区土壤、优势植物以及周边农田土壤的重金属含量(Mn、Cd、Cu、Zn和Pb)进行测定分析,并以重庆市土壤背景值为评价标准,应用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对土壤中重金属的潜在生态危害进行了评价。结果表明:该锰矿尾渣堆积区土壤中Mn、Cd、Cu、Zn和Pb的平均含量分别为48382.5、3.91、79.97、131.23和80.68 mg/kg,受到Mn、Cd的严重污染,Mn为强或很强生态危害,Cd为极强生态危害,而Cu、Zn、Pb为轻微生态危害,各尾矿渣堆积区的综合潜在生态危害指数(RI)均远大于720,为极强生态危害。对优势植物重金属含量的分析显示,绝大部分植物地上部Mn、Cd含量都超出正常范围的上限值,而Cu、Zn和Pb含量基本都在正常范围内;根据植物对重金属的吸收特征,将植物分为三类:将重金属主要累积于地上部分的富集型,如垂序商陆(Phytolacca americana L.)和酸模叶蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium Linn.),适用于重金属复合污染土壤的植物修复;将重金属主要累积于根部的根部囤积型,如芒(Miscanthus sinensis Anderss.)和乌蕨(Stenoloma chusanum Ching);重金属含量较低的规避型,如黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)、长波叶山蚂蝗(Desmodium sequax Wall.)及钻形紫苑(Aster subulatus Michx.);后两种类型的植物可种植在重金属污染严重且使用价值相对较低的矿山废弃地上,同时规避型植物对于研究植物的重金属排斥机理具有重要价值。溶溪锰矿区周边农田土壤主要受到Cd的严重污染,Cd为很强或极强生态危害。  相似文献   

16.
To examine bacterial community composition in rhizosphere of plants colonizing on mine tailings and phylogenetic differences between subcommunities resistant to different metals, we constructed four clone libraries of 16S rDNA sequences. One was amplified directly from tailing microbial DNA (named as Ci library) and three from cultures on the plates containing of 0.5 mM CdCl(2) (Cd library), 2 mM Pb (NO(3))(2) (Pb library), and without any metals (Cw library). In total, nine bacterial divisions and two unclassified groups were identified from 352 clones of these libraries. Ci clones covered eight divisions, whereas all cultivable clones only covered four divisions. Thus, Ci library provided more phylogenetic diversity than cultivable libraries. However, the microbes represented by the cultivable clones were more similar to previously described bacteria than those represented by Ci clones. All Ci clones were not found in three cultivable libraries. Cd library were exclusively Gram-negative bacteria of Acinetobacter, Ralstonia, Comamonas, and Chryseobacterium. Meanwhile, dominant Gram-positive bacteria in Pb library, Paenibacillus and Bacillus, were also not found in Cd library. Our data indicate that phylogenetic structure was very different from those in acid mine drainage. Meanwhile, tailings harbored phylogenetically distinct subcommunities resistant to Pb and Cd.  相似文献   

17.
Microbial community composition and activity were characterized in soil contaminated with lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and hydrocarbons. Contaminant levels were very heterogeneous and ranged from 50 to 16,700 mg of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) kg of soil(-1), 3 to 3,300 mg of total Cr kg of soil(-1), and 1 to 17,100 mg of Pb kg of soil(-1). Microbial community compositions were estimated from the patterns of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA); these were considerably different among the 14 soil samples. Statistical analyses suggested that the variation in PLFA was more correlated with soil hydrocarbons than with the levels of Cr and Pb. The metal sensitivity of the microbial community was determined by extracting bacteria from soil and measuring [(3)H]leucine incorporation as a function of metal concentration. Six soil samples collected in the spring of 1999 had IC(50) values (the heavy metal concentrations giving 50% reduction of microbial activity) of approximately 2.5 mM for CrO(4)2- and 0.01 mM for Pb2+. Much higher levels of Pb were required to inhibit [14C]glucose mineralization directly in soils. In microcosm experiments with these samples, microbial biomass and the ratio of microbial biomass to soil organic C were not correlated with the concentrations of hydrocarbons and heavy metals. However, microbial C respiration in samples with a higher level of hydrocarbons differed from the other soils no matter whether complex organic C (alfalfa) was added or not. The ratios of microbial C respiration to microbial biomass differed significantly among the soil samples (P < 0.05) and were relatively high in soils contaminated with hydrocarbons or heavy metals. Our results suggest that the soil microbial community was predominantly affected by hydrocarbons.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

The spatial distribution of six heavy metals (Cd, As, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu) in the soil of a decommissioned uranium mining area was investigated and their potential environmental risk was assessed. Soil samples were collected along the main riversides enclosing the mining area. The heavy metal distribution was determined by geospatial interpolation. Pearson correlation coefficient and principal component analysis were used to locate the sources of pollution which are the mine ore as natural source, and dressing plants and tailing area from human activity. The results indicate that the average concentrations of As and Cd strongly exceed the recommended EQSS (Environmental Quality Standard for Soils of China) limits at all sampling sites, whereas Zn concentrations were found to be slightly over the limit only at sampling sites close to the mining area. The concentrations of Cr, Cu and Pb were all within the recommended limits. Environmental risk was assessed using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure defining the degree to which extend the metal is released into the solution. High leaching rates were found only for Zn and Cd, suggesting that together with its high concentrations Cd is the most toxic metal around the mining area, followed by As.  相似文献   

19.
The core microbiota of a neutral mine drainage and the surrounding high heavy metal content soil at a Brazilian copper mine were characterized by 16S rDNA pyrosequencing. The core microbiota of the drainage was dominated by the generalist genus Meiothermus. The soil samples contained a more heterogeneous bacterial community, with the presence of both generalist and specialist bacteria. Both environments supported mainly heterotrophic bacteria, including organisms resistant to heavy metals, although many of the bacterial groups identified remain poorly characterized. The results contribute to the understanding of bacterial communities in soils impacted by neutral mine drainage, for which information is scarce, and demonstrate that heavy metals can play an important role in shaping the microbial communities in mine environments.  相似文献   

20.

Background

Phytoextraction is an environmentally acceptable and inexpensive technique for mine tailing rehabilitation that uses metallophyte plants. These plants reduce the soil trace metal contents to environmentally acceptable levels by accumulating trace metals. Recently, whether more trace metals can be removed by species-rich communities of these plants received great attention, as species richness has been reported having positive effects on ecosystem functions. However, how the species richness affects trace metals removal of plant communities of mine tailing is rarely known.

Methodology/Principal Findings

We examined the effects of species richness on soil trace metal removal in both natural and experimental plant communities. The root lengths and stem heights of each plant species were measured in order to calculate the functional diversity indices. Our results showed that trace metal (Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn) concentrations in mine tailing soil declined as species richness increased in both the natural and experimental plant communities. Species richness, rather than functional diversity, positively affected the mineralomass of the experimental plant communities. The intensity of plant-plant facilitation increased with the species richness of experimental communities. Due to the incremental role of plant-plant facilitation, most of the species had higher biomasses, higher trace metal concentrations in their plant tissues and lower malondialdehyde concentrations in their leaves. Consequently, the positive effects of species richness on mineralomass were mostly attributable to facilitation among plants.

Conclusions/Significance

Our results provide clear evidence that, due to plant-plant facilitation, species richness positively affects the removal of trace metals from mine tailing soil through phytoextraction and provides further information on diversity conservation and environmental remediation in a mine tailing environment.  相似文献   

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