共查询到5条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Doria R. Gordon Daphne A. Onderdonk Alison M. Fox Randall K. Stocker 《Diversity & distributions》2008,14(2):234-242
The ecological and economic advantages of preventing introduction of species likely to become invasive have increased interest in implementing effective screening tools. We compared the accuracy of the Australian Weed Risk Assessment (WRA) system with that across the six geographies in which it has been tested (New Zealand, Hawaii, Hawaii and Pacific Islands, Czech Republic, Bonin Islands and Florida). Inclusion in four of the tests of a secondary screening tool, developed to reduce the number of species requiring further evaluation, decreased the number of species with that outcome by over 60% on average. Averaging across all tests demonstrated that the WRA system accurately identified major invaders 90%, and non-invaders 70%, of the time. Examined differently, a species of unknown invasive potential is on average likely to be correctly accepted or rejected over 80% of the time for all of these geographies when minor invaders are categorized as invasive. Whereas increasing consistency in definitions and implementation would facilitate understanding of the general application of the WRA system, we believe that this tool functions similarly across islands and continents in tropical and temperate climates and has been sufficiently tested to be adopted as an initial screen for plant species proposed for introduction to a new geography. 相似文献
2.
It is commonly assumed that invasive plants grow more vigorously in their introduced than in their native range, which is then attributed to release from natural enemies or to microevolutionary changes, or both. However, few studies have tested this assumption by comparing the performance of invasive species in their native vs. introduced ranges. Here, we studied abundance, growth, reproduction, and herbivory in 10 native Chinese and 10 invasive German populations of the invasive shrub Buddleja davidii (Scrophulariaceae; butterfly bush). We found strong evidence for increased plant vigour in the introduced range: plants in invasive populations were significantly taller and had thicker stems, larger inflorescences, and heavier seeds than plants in native populations. These differences in plant performance could not be explained by a more benign climate in the introduced range. Since leaf herbivory was substantially reduced in invasive populations, our data rather suggest that escape from natural enemies, associated with increased plant growth and reproduction, contributes to the invasion success of B. davidii in Central Europe. 相似文献
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Tyler J. Brummer Bruce D. Maxwell Megan D. Higgs Lisa J. Rew 《Diversity & distributions》2013,19(8):919-932
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Núria Roura-Pascual Lluís Brotons A. Townsend Peterson Wilfried Thuiller 《Biological invasions》2009,11(4):1017-1031
Invasive species are known to influence the structure and function of invaded ecological communities, and preventive measures
appear to be the most efficient means of controlling these effects. However, management of biological invasions requires use
of adequate tools to understand and predict invasion patterns in recently introduced areas. The present study: (1) estimates
the potential geographic distribution and ecological requirements of the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile Mayr), one of the most conspicuous invasive species throughout the world, in the Iberian Peninsula using ecological niche
modeling, and (2) provides new insights into the process of selection of consensual areas among predictions from several modeling
methodologies. Ecological niche models were developed using 5 modeling techniques: generalized linear models (GLM), generalized
additive models (GAM), generalized boosted models (GBM), Genetic Algorithm for Rule-Set Prediction (GARP), and Maximum Entropy
(Maxent). Models for the eastern and western portions of the Iberian Peninsula were built using subsets of occurrence and
environmental data to investigate the potential for ecological niche differences between the invading populations. Our results
indicate geographic differences between predictions of different approaches, and the utility of ensemble predictions in identifying
areas of uncertainty regarding the species’ invasive potential. More generally, our models predict coastal areas and major
river corridors as highly suitable for Argentine ants, and indicate that western and eastern Iberian Peninsula populations
occupy similar environmental conditions.
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