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1.
【目的】研究并建立利用原生质体紫外诱变技术选育可利用廉价碳源发酵的高产油新菌株的方法。【方法】采用1.5%蜗牛酶和1.0%纤维素酶混合液水解去除细胞壁得到2A00015(近平滑假丝酵母,Candida parapsilosis)的原生质体,将其放于紫外灯下诱变及再生壁培养,筛选获得可利用廉价碳源发酵的高产油酵母,并采用气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定其脂肪酸组成。【结果】突变效果最好的突变菌株2A00015/25用葡萄糖发酵培养7 d后,其生物量、油脂产率和产油量分别为17.77 g/L、58.12%和10.32 g/L,较原始菌株分别提高了12.45%、23.32%和38.68%;利用废糖蜜发酵培养,其生物量、油脂产率和产油量分别为18.54 g/L、49.44%和9.17 g/L,较原始菌株分别提高了9.09%、21.16%和32.18%。利用废糖蜜培养其产油效率虽低于利用葡萄糖培养,但从环境保护及原材料成本的角度考虑,用废糖蜜作为碳源发酵培养产生油脂更具优势。诱变菌株利用废糖蜜发酵后产生油脂经检测含有8种脂肪酸,其脂肪酸组成与植物油近似,其中不饱和脂肪酸含量占脂肪酸总量的82.4%。【结论】通过利用原生质体紫外诱变技术,成功选育出一株新的可利用廉价碳源的高产油海洋菌株,产油率达到49.4%,提高了21.2%。  相似文献   

2.
激光诱变青霉PT95原生质体选育类胡萝卜素高产菌株   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用激光对青霉PT95菌株的原生质体进行了诱变处理,选育到一株菌核生物量和类胡萝卜素含量均有显提高的突变菌株L05。与出发菌株相比,L05菌株的菌核生物量提高了98.6%,菌核中的类胡萝卜素含量提高了28.3%,在查氏平板上的类胡萝卜素产率提高了154.0%。所选育的L05菌株经3次传代培养,菌落没有发生扇形变异,菌核生物量和类胡萝卜素含量没有明显改变,说明该菌株具有良好的遗传稳定性。  相似文献   

3.
采用微波辐照,对柠檬形克勒克酵母(Kloeckera apiculata)进行诱变处理,确立了辐照的最佳时间为 50 s.选育到1株拮抗柑橘青霉病抑菌活性提高16.90%、生物量提高6.96%的菌株W50-56;选育到1株拮抗柑橘绿霉病抑菌活性提高17.38%、生物量提高5.86%的菌株W50-47.所选育的菌株经多次传代,遗传性状十分稳定.  相似文献   

4.
殷红  高杨 《菌物研究》2010,8(1):44-47
S-NU-3-2菌株是对源自药用植物黄檗的内生真菌S6进行诱变获得的小檗碱产量比出发菌株有明显提高的突变株,本研究对其培养条件进行了优化,以期进一步提高其产量,为开发利用真菌发酵生产植物活性成分的新途径奠定基础。以菌丝生长和小檗碱产量为指标,筛选出了适宜该菌株发酵的基本培养基、碳源、氮源、光照和培养温度,并经进一步的正交试验优化,得出该高产菌株的最佳培养条件为豆芽汁基本培养基含蔗糖3%,酵母膏0.2%,pH7.0,温度26℃,全光照培养。与初始培养条件相比,在优化后的条件下,该菌株的小檗碱得率提高了47.2%,菌体生物量提高了24%。  相似文献   

5.
【目的】研究Sphingobacterium bambusaue及其紫外诱变菌株的石油降解功能。【方法】紫外诱变后筛选石油降解高效菌株; 以不同石油浓度、pH值及盐浓度优化培养条件, 用重量法检测高效菌株石油降解率。【结果】发现菌株S. bambusaue在石油降解培养基中培养5 d的石油降解率为25.86%, UV诱变高效菌株IBFC2009-S3培养5 d的石油降解为42.85%, 比始发菌株提高65.7%; UV诱变菌株IBFC2009-S3的优化培养条件为石油浓度0.5 g/L、pH值7.0以及NaCl质量浓度为10 g/L, 其石油降解率可达50.51%。【结论】首次报道S. bambusaue具有石油降解功能; 紫外诱变获得的菌株S3的石油降解能力较强。  相似文献   

6.
产类胡萝卜素酵母菌原生质体的制备、再生与诱变   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
确定了1株产类胡萝卜素红酵母Y-35的原生质体最佳制备条件和再生条件,以及在此基础上的诱变育种,通过实验,初步确定Y-35菌株原生质体形成和再生的适宜条件为;菌龄16h,蜗牛酶浓度1%,30℃处理60min。红酵母Y-35原生原体经紫外线诱变后得到18株诱变菌株,分别测定其生物量,类胡萝卜素含量及产量,获得2株类胡萝卜素产量明显提高的变异菌株RY-10和RY-19。其产量分别比出发菌株提高49%和54%。  相似文献   

7.
灰树花菌株的复壮及常压室温等离子体诱变   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
【背景】实验室所用灰树花菌株系长期继代培养,易出现菌株退化。【目的】通过菌株复壮的方法实现菌株的生物学活性及性状的恢复,并借助高效诱变仪对菌株实施诱变,以期得到活性更高、遗传稳定的诱变株。【方法】分别以PDA加富培养基和PDA-板栗壳培养基为培养基质,采用尖端菌丝分离法进行菌株复壮,得到回复菌株原有的生物学活性及性状的复壮株P-2,为了进一步提高菌株的高产性能,利用常压室温等离子体(atmosphericroomtemperatureplasma,ARTP)诱变技术作用于复壮株P-2菌丝体,最终筛选到一株性能优良、遗传稳定性高的诱变株b-35。【结果】复壮后的菌株P-2菌丝干重和多糖含量分别达到1.18%和19.01%,较出发株分别提高35.17%和35.11%,通过发酵罐验证菌株的发酵周期由48h缩短至32h,菌株发酵活性及效率明显提高。诱变株b-35菌丝干重和多糖含量分别达到1.56%和25.07%,较复壮株P-2分别提高了40.15%和39.33%。【结论】ARTP诱变方法易操作、无污染且诱变效率高,是获得灰树花高产菌株的重要方式。  相似文献   

8.
研究影响尖顶羊肚菌(MOrchellaconicaPers、)CGAC-9506原生质体制备、再生因素基础上,首次诱变羊肚菌原生质体,进行高生物量高氨基酸含量菌株选育。原生质体诱变再生株MconicaCGAC-950637生物量比出发株提高7.3%,总氨基酸比出发株提高38%。  相似文献   

9.
采用激光对青霉PT95菌株的原生质体进行了诱变处理,选育到一株菌核生物量和类胡萝卜素含量均有显著提高的突变菌株L05。与出发菌株相比,L05菌株的菌核生物量提高了98.6%,菌核中的类胡萝卜素含量提高了28.3%,在查氏平板上的类胡萝卜素产率提高了154.0%。所选育的L05菌株经3次传代培养,菌落没有发生扇形变异,菌核生物量和类胡萝卜素含量没有明显改变,说明该菌株具有良好的遗传稳定性。  相似文献   

10.
常压室温等离子体诱变选育花脸香蘑新菌株   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张国利  耿彬彬  吴光宗  田雪梅 《菌物学报》2021,40(12):3096-3108
花脸香蘑作为一种营养丰富、菇型美观的珍稀食用菌,具有良好的开发利用价值。利用常压室温等离子体(ARTP)技术对野生花脸香蘑菌株610双核菌丝片段进行了诱变处理。利用拮抗试验进行了诱变菌株初筛。通过连续传代培养,自然淘汰劣势菌株并获得诱变效应稳定的48个菌株。综合平板培养和基于ISSR和SSR联合遗传多样性分析的结果,筛选出7个诱变菌株与出发菌株共同进行出菇比较试验。出菇试验及子实体蛋白和氨基酸营养分析的结果显示:诱变菌株Ls2和Ls3为筛选出的花脸香蘑优质高产新菌株。诱变菌株较出发菌株生物学效率分别提高10.27%和14.75%,总氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸含量以及氨基酸评分等指标也均显著高于出发菌株,品质提升效果极显著。  相似文献   

11.
AIMS: To isolate a reduced pigmentation mutant of Aureobasidium pullulans NYS-1 and characterize its cellular pigmentation plus its polysaccharide and biomass production relative to carbon source. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cellular pigmentation, polysaccharide levels and biomass production by the isolated mutant NYSRP-1 were analysed relative to carbon source. Cellular pigmentation of the mutant was lower than its parent strain using either carbon source. The mutant elaborated higher polysaccharide levels on sucrose than on corn syrup. The pullulan content of the polysaccharide synthesized and biomass production by the mutant rose as the carbon source concentration was increased. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to isolate a reduced pigmentation mutant from strain NYS-1 that exhibits elevated polysaccharide production using corn syrup as a carbon source. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The mutant provides an advantage for commercial pullulan production because of its reduced pigmentation and enhanced polysaccharide synthesis.  相似文献   

12.
通过评价香菇野生菌株发酵产多糖性能,筛选高产香菇多糖菌株。以采自长白山野生香菇通过组织分离获得的6株菌株和2株人工栽培菌株为出发菌株,对不同发酵培养时间菌丝体生物量、胞内多糖含量、胞外多糖含量等进行测试分析,结果表明,8株菌株随着培养时间的延长,菌丝体生物量均有不同程度的增加,但胞内多糖含量和胞外多糖得率变化趋势不同,筛选的菌株CB0903培养至第14天时,菌丝体生物量为13.77 g/L,胞内多糖含量为0.302 4 g,胞外多糖得率及其含量分别为3.30 g/L和0.283 9 g,总多糖量为0.586 3 g,菌株CB0903与其他7株菌株相比具有优势,可作为液体发酵高产多糖菌株。  相似文献   

13.
Analysis of two exopolysaccharide-deficient mutants of Rhizobium leguminosarum, RBL5808 and RBL5812, revealed independent Tn5 transposon integrations in a single gene, designated exo5. As judged from structural and functional homology, this gene encodes a UDP-glucose dehydrogenase responsible for the oxidation of UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid. A mutation in exo5 affects all glucuronic acid-containing polysaccharides and, consequently, all galacturonic acid-containing polysaccharides. Exo5-deficient rhizobia do not produce extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) or capsular polysaccharide (CPS), both of which contain glucuronic acid. Carbohydrate composition analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance studies demonstrated that EPS and CPS from the parent strain have very similar structures. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules produced by the mutant strains are deficient in galacturonic acid, which is normally present in the core and lipid A portions of the LPS. The sensitivity of exo5 mutant rhizobia to hydrophobic compounds shows the involvement of the galacturonic acid residues in the outer membrane structure. Nodulation studies with Vicia sativa subsp. nigra showed that exo5 mutant rhizobia are impaired in successful infection thread colonization. This is caused by strong agglutination of EPS-deficient bacteria in the root hair curl. Root infection could be restored by simultaneous inoculation with a Nod factor-defective strain which retained the ability to produce EPS and CPS. However, in this case colonization of the nodule tissue was impaired.  相似文献   

14.
发酵黄芪的乳酸菌的驯化及其与黄芪相互作用研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的驯化能发酵黄芪的优良乳酸菌并研究其与黄芪的相互作用,为开发新型饲料添加剂做准备。方法选取能厌氧发酵黄芪药液的优良乳酸菌,通过在添加黄芪药液的发酵培养基中反复传代对其进行驯化,并用蒽酮-硫酸法测定发酵前后粗多糖的含量,用比浊法测定菌体浓度,并用单因素法研究了最佳黄芪添加量和最佳接种量,初步研究驯化菌株与黄芪药液的相互作用。结果经过6次传代驯化后,驯化菌株发酵黄芪药液后可使其粗多糖得率提高111.9%,而黄芪药液能促进驯化菌株的增殖,可使菌体浓度提高251%。结论驯化菌株与黄芪药液发生了良性的相互作用,有可能开发出新型饲料添加剂。  相似文献   

15.
A mutant strain of the bacterium Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 31461 that exhibited elevated production of the polysaccharide gellan on glucose or corn syrup as a carbon source was isolated. Gellan production by the mutant strain was about twofold higher than its parent strain on glucose or corn syrup after 48 h of growth, and about 1.4-fold higher after 72 h. An increase in biomass production was not correlated with enhanced gellan synthesis by the mutant strain. The increased gellan production by the mutant strain on either carbon source resulted in an increase in its culture medium viscosity and the viscosity of the isolated polysaccharide produced by glucose-grown cells. No differences in the glucuronic acid content of the polysaccharides produced by the mutant and parent strains were observed. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2002) 29, 185–188 doi:10.1038/sj.jim.7000278 Received 13 February 2002/ Accepted in revised form 20 May 2002  相似文献   

16.
exo mutants of Rhizobium meliloti SU47, which fail to secrete acidic extracellular polysaccharide (EPS), induce Fix- nodules on alfalfa. However, mutants of R. meliloti Rm41 carrying the same exo lesions induce normal Fix+ nodules. We show that such induction is due to a gene from strain Rm41, which we call lpsZ+, that is missing in strain SU47. lpsZ+ does not restore EPS production but instead alters the composition and structure of lipopolysaccharide. In both SU47 and Rm41, either lpsZ+ or exo+ is sufficient for normal nodulation. This suggests that in R. meliloti EPS and lipopolysaccharide can perform the same function in nodule development.  相似文献   

17.
微绿球藻是一种海洋单细胞微藻,含有丰富的EPA、DHA等活性代谢产物,为了获得生长快、高产EPA的优良藻株,利用紫外诱变技术对微绿球藻进行诱变,筛选出生长较快的突变株2株(MN-1和MN-2),并与出发株就生物量、粗蛋白、多糖、总脂及脂肪酸进行了比较。结果表明:突变株MN-1与出发株相比,生长速率增加21.08%,生物量增加14.55%,粗蛋白含量增加2.54%,总脂含量增加9.81%,EPA增加1.81%,SFA增加2.70%;突变株MN-2的生长率增加6.25%,生物量增加5.62%,多糖增加13.26%,总脂增加7.93%,SFA增加28.9%。  相似文献   

18.
A mutant strain of the deuteromycete Aureobasidium pullulans deficient in melanin synthesis was used to investigate the production of the exopolysaccharide pullulan and biomass, respectively. Shake-flask experiments with different carbon sources showed significant differences in pullulan elaboration. Sucrose was most suitable for pullulan synthesis among the carbon sources examined. Fermentations were carried out both batch-wise and continuously in a stirred vessel fermentator. In batch fermentations about 45% of the glucose offered was converted into pullulan at maximum formation rates of 0.16 g/l per hour using standard medium. The yield of polysaccharide could be maintained at 45% in continuous fermentations. At a dilution rate of 0.05 l/h, the formation rate of polysaccharide increased up to 0.35 g/l per hour. Alterations in the nitrogen content of the feed significantly affected the consumption rate of glucose and the production rate of polysaccharide, but final concentrations of biomass were hardly affected. Correspondence to: R. Schuster  相似文献   

19.
The influence of growth rate and medium composition on exopolymer production byRhizobium leguminosarum was studied. When grown in medium containing 10g/l mannitol and 1g/l glutamic acid,Rhizobium leguminosarum biovartrifolii TA-1 synthesized up to 2.0g/l of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS), and up to 1.6g/l of capsular polysaccharide (CPS). Under non-growing cell conditions in medium without glutamic acid, CPS synthesis by strain TA-1 could proceed to 2.1g/l, while EPS-production remained relatively low (0.8g/l). Maximal CPS-yield was 2.9g CPS/l medium in a medium containing 20g/l mannitol and 2g/l glutamic acid. TheEPS-deficient strain R. leguminosarum RBL5515,exo4::Tn5 was able to produce CPS to similar levels as strain TA-1, but CPS-recovery was easier because of the low viscosity of the medium and growth of the cells in pellets. With strain TA-1 in nitrogen-limited continuous cultures with a constant biomass of 500mg cell protein/l, EPS was the most abundant polysaccharide present at every dilution rate D (between 0.12 and 0.02 h–1). The production rates were 50–100mg/g protein/h for EPS and 15–20mg/g protein/h for CPS. Only low amounts of cyclic -(1,2)-glucans were excreted (10–30 mg/l) over the entire range of growth rates.Abbreviations bv biovar - CPS capsular polysaccharide - EPS extracellular polysaccharide - HMr high molecular mass - LMr low molecular mass - YEMCR Yeast Extract-Mannitol-Congo Red agar  相似文献   

20.
蛹虫草优良菌株的筛选   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
通过对5株蛹虫草的菌丝形态和生长速率、液体培养生物量和胞外多糖、人工栽培和子实体中活性物质虫草多糖和虫草素的对比研究,筛选出优良的蛹虫草菌株。试验结果表明:蛹虫草6号菌株的菌丝的生长速率比其他菌株快;液体培养生物量和胞外多糖含量明显高于其他菌株;人工栽培的蛹虫草子实体头部大,子囊壳丰富,颜色橘黄,出草整齐均匀,出草率高,子实体中虫草多糖和虫草素的含量均高于其他菌株,表明6号菌株具有较高的经济价值,是值得开发和推广的好品种。  相似文献   

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