首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 117 毫秒
1.
骨唇黄河鱼耳石早期形态发育和轮纹特征研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了骨唇黄河鱼仔稚鱼耳石在实验室养殖条件下的发育过程和生长特点,确证了轮纹沉积规律。结果表明,在14.0—17.8℃孵化条件下,微耳石和矢耳石在受精后96h 30min出现,星耳石在出膜后第16天出现。仔稚鱼生长过程中矢耳石形状变化较大,由出膜时的圆形发育到稳定时的箭矢状。微耳石由近圆形发育成贻贝形,其中心核位置随发育明显偏移。星耳石形状不规则,从出现时的心形发育成为星芒状。微耳石和矢耳石在前后轴方向上后区的生长快于前区(P0.05);在背腹轴方向上,微耳石腹区的生长快于背区(P0.05),矢耳石背区的生长快于腹区(P0.05),两对耳石的前后区半径之和与全长均呈线性相关。微耳石和矢耳石的第1个轮纹均在出膜后第2天形成,新增的轮纹数(微耳石IL,矢耳石IS)与出膜后的天数(D)表现出显著的线性相关,方程分别为:IL=0.9911D?1.0008(R2=0.9971,n=220,P0.001)和IS=0.9925D?0.10873(R2=0.9919,n=161,P0.001),方程的斜率与1均无显著差异(P0.05),表明两对耳石轮纹沉积均呈日周期性,生长轮为日轮。研究结果丰富了骨唇黄河鱼的发育生物学资料,可为研究其自然种群早期生活史提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
以2015年和2016年在孟屯河上游捕获的仔稚鱼为研究对象, 对其种属进行了鉴定, 观察了耳石形态特征、确证了耳石轮纹沉积规律, 并基于耳石日轮技术对其孵化期进行了推算。结果表明: 基于线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚单位Ⅰ(Cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ, COⅠ)序列构建的系统进化树显示, 采集仔稚鱼为松潘裸鲤(Gymnocypris potanini)。在松潘裸鲤仔稚鱼生长过程中, 微耳石由近圆形发育成贻贝形, 矢耳石由锲形发育为箭矢状。采用温度标记处理松潘裸鲤仔稚鱼, 确定耳石轮纹沉积具有日周期性, 生长轮为日轮。依据耳石日轮数, 结合采样时间及耳石轮纹沉积规律, 并采用大多数裂腹鱼类日龄为日轮数N+1的关系, 推算出2015年松潘裸鲤样本的孵化时间为6月29日至7月15日, 2016年样本孵化时间为7月13日至8月18日, 这些结果为研究松潘裸鲤野生种群繁殖期及其资源保护等提供了基础数据。  相似文献   

3.
唐鱼仔鱼耳石的形态发育及日轮   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6       下载免费PDF全文
观察了实验室人工繁殖饲养的唐鱼(Tanichthys albonubes)仔鱼耳石形态发育,研究了其生长轮的沉积规律。唐鱼仔鱼耳石长径与鱼体全长(TL)均呈线性相关,其关系式为:微耳石Dl=0.019 6TL-0.031 0(r=0.961 6,P<0.001,n=218),矢耳石Ds=0.027 6TL-0.043 7(r=0.924 0,P<0.001,n=219),星耳石Da=0.016 6TL-0.004 1(r=0.369 6,P<0.001,n=44)。仔鱼耳石上第一个轮纹在孵出后第2 d形成,生长轮数目与仔鱼日龄(D)呈线性相关,其斜率与1无显著差异,因此生长轮为日轮,其关系式为:微耳石LI=1.006D-1.700 1(r=0.994 2,P<0.001,n=205),矢耳石SI=0.953 8D-0.911 6(r=0.993 5,P<0.001,n=161)。生长过程中矢耳石形状变化较大,星耳石出现时间较晚,而微耳石形状稳定,日轮可读性较好,故更适合作为日轮研究的材料。  相似文献   

4.
研究利用软刺裸裂尻鱼(Schizopygopsis malacanthus)确证了耳石生长轮沉积规律,并在此基础上,探究了其生长轮与年轮关系,推算了第一年轮形成时间。研究结果表明:仔鱼微耳石第一轮纹在出膜后第二天形成,在实验条件下,轮纹沉积具有日周期性,生长轮为日轮;成鱼轮纹沉积具有年周期性,生长轮每年增加1轮。基于耳石日轮技术推算养殖和野生软刺裸裂尻鱼第一年轮形成时间分别为2021年1月28日至3月13日(n=40)和2017年3月8日至5月10日(n=75)。养殖和野生样本耳石轮纹数年际间的分析结果发现,软刺裸裂尻鱼耳石轮纹数和耳石年生长宽度随着年龄增加逐渐降低,耳石年生长面积随着年龄增加逐渐增加。这些结果揭示了软刺裸裂尻鱼耳石轮纹沉积规律,有助于增加年龄鉴定的准确性,进而为种群动态研究和渔业管理政策制定等提供参考。  相似文献   

5.
草鱼仔鱼耳石的自然标记和生长轮的清晰度   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
将野生和人工繁殖的草鱼仔鱼的耳石取出并置于显微镜下观察微结构特征。结果表明 :草鱼耳石一般有一个圆形或卵圆形的原基和中心核 ,但有 0 4 1%~ 4 6 7%的样本具有双原基或双中心核。343尾野生仔鱼中 ,6 71%的个体在矢耳石和微耳石上具有营养转换标记 ,而 187尾人工繁殖的仔鱼中 ,在矢耳石和微耳石上出现营养转换标记的比例分别是 6 4 17%和 5 0 80 % ;在营养转换标记处 ,矢耳石和微耳石的直径分别为 5 4 12±9 4 9μm和 4 0 4 8± 7 0 2 μm (n =5 0 ) ;133尾野生仔鱼在转入实验室饲养的过程中 ,86 4 7%的个体在耳石上形成了转移标记 ;野生仔鱼生长轮纹清晰的矢耳石 (n =5 2 1)和微耳石 (n =5 2 1)样本的比例分别低于 10 %和2 5 % ,但在人工饲养仔鱼中 ,95 0 0 %个体的矢耳石 (n =186 )和 88 0 0 %个体的微耳石 (n =184 )具有清晰的生长轮纹 ;野生仔鱼经人工饲养后 ,其耳石上在饲养期间沉积的生长轮的清晰度亦明显比在野外生存期间沉积的高 ;对比实验显示饥饿对仔鱼耳石生长轮的清晰度没有明显的影响.  相似文献   

6.
为研究鲈鲤早期鱼苗耳石标记的可行性, 先采用高温水(20.8±0.3)℃和低温水(10.8±1.2)℃交替饲养对20日龄鲈鲤进行热标记, 然后将经热标记的35和45日龄鲈鲤浸泡在50—200 mg/L的茜素络合物(AC)或茜素红S(ARS)溶液中进行荧光标记。热标记的耳石生长轮清晰可见, 明显区别于其他轮纹, 微耳石热标记轮轮纹宽度(IW)和高温期持续时间(T)的线性回归方程为IW=0.16462+0.24762T。经荧光物质浸泡后鲈鲤耳石在绿光下均能检测到橘红色标记; AC标记质量受溶液浓度影响显著(P<0.05), 受全长的影响不显著(P>0.05), 微耳石、矢耳石和星耳石间的标记质量差异显著(P<0.05); ARS标记质量受全长和溶液浓度影响不显著(P>0.05), 微耳石、矢耳石和星耳石间的标记质量差异显著(P<0.05)。研究结果表明, 耳石热标记、荧光标记及两者结合使用均可用于大规模标记鲈鲤早期鱼苗。  相似文献   

7.
黑龙江秋大麻哈鱼耳石形态发育研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对进入中国黑龙江的秋大麻哈鱼生殖群体进行人工繁育,观察不同发育阶段和回归成体的耳石形态及其结构变化.结果表明:秋大麻哈鱼胚胎、胚后仔稚鱼、幼鱼和二龄鱼的矢耳石随个体生长发育,其大小在不断增长,轮廓和表面形态结构也在发生演变,逐渐趋似于回归成体的耳石形态.秋大麻哈鱼回归生殖群体的不同年龄和雌雄个体间矢耳石、微耳石形态基本一致.矢耳石形似梨形,大小约为3 mm×5 mm×1 mm,重量约为9mg,光镜下可见耳石日轮和年轮结构.日轮形成在胚胎发眼后约5日,采用人工标记方法证实了生长轮的日周期特性.二龄鱼耳石已出现边缘生长区,形成年轮.矢耳石增长与鱼体叉长生长显著相关(SL=21.574 OL-7.005,R2=0.9926).  相似文献   

8.
鳡鱼仔稚鱼耳石的标记和其日轮的确证   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
用茜素络合物对鳡鱼仔鱼进行了浸泡标记,耳石上能检测到橘红色荧光标记环。100mg/L茜素络合物溶液的标记效果较差;120mg/L和150mg/L溶液浸泡后微耳石的标记率很高,矢耳石和星耳石的标记率低。标记后耳石上的生长轮数与饲养天数间呈一一对应关系,相关方程为:N=0.2663 0.9276D(n=68,r~2=0.9664)。方程的斜率0.9276与1无显著差异,证明生长轮确系日轮。鱼体长与微耳石、矢耳石及星耳石的直径间呈显著的线性关系,相关方程为:BL=66.8723LD 2.7064(n=73,r~2=0.8867),BL=22.7839SD 6.6066(n=49,r~2=0.8525),BL=47.6079AD 3.5660(n=71,r~2=0.9012)。  相似文献   

9.
湘江鳡仔稚鱼个体和耳石生长发育研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
2008年6月至7月间于鳡(Elopichthys bambusa Richardson)的主要繁殖季节在湘江采集鳡仔稚鱼共370尾,耳石分析表明这些仔稚鱼日龄在4—25d间,推算孵化日期为5月27日至6月22日。仔鱼前弯曲期向弯曲期转化时间为第6日龄,弯曲期向后弯曲期转化为第10日龄,后弯曲期向稚鱼期转化为15.5日龄。体长生长和耳石生长均在进入后弯曲期后(12—13日龄)出现1个节点:节点后体长生长速度是节点前的5倍,节点后耳石生长速度是节点前的2倍。早期生活史不同阶段鳡微耳石形态显著改变:前弯曲期耳石为圆形;弯曲期耳石前后轴的生长速度明显超过背腹轴生长,耳石也变为椭圆形;后弯曲期耳石进一步延长,耳石后端形成略尖的突起,耳石呈梨形;进入稚鱼期后,耳石后突起变得较为平滑,耳石形状呈贝形。耳石半径和体长的关系在后弯曲期阶段出现节点,节点前后呈不同的直线关系。  相似文献   

10.
人工饲养和野生草鱼幼鱼耳石微结构的比较研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
分别检测了人工饲养和野生草鱼幼鱼的耳石微结构特征,根据耳石透明性的差异。可将微耳石划分出中央暗区和外部亮区两部分,饲养种群的耳石暗区大小和生长轮数目均大于野生种群,暗区和亮区的特征比较稳定。生长轮清晰,对比度好,宽度比较均匀;野生种群的耳石暗区和亮区表现形式多变。暗区的生长轮清晰或不清晰,亮区的生长轮清晰,但宽度波动较大,依据耳石微结构特征。可以对饲养和野生草鱼种群进行识别。  相似文献   

11.
This assesses features of otoliths from laboratory-reared embryos, larvae and juvenile European chub Squalius cephalus from hatching to 180 days post-hatching (dph). We observed the development of the three pairs of otoliths (lapilli, sagittae and asterisci) and more precisely shape changes, as well as timing and deposition rate of increments of the lapilli. The lapilli and the sagittae were present at hatching, whereas the asterisci formed between 20 and 30 dph. The lapillus and sagitta shapes were round until 20 dph. From 60 dph the anterior and the posterior rostra of the sagittae were well developed, but very thin, making this otolith too fragile to manipulate for further studies of shape and validation of otolith increment deposition rate. The lapilli provided reliable age estimates for free embryos, larvae and juveniles up to 120 dph. However, caution should be taken when ageing fish older than 150 dph as an underestimation was noticeable. The regression of the number of otolith increments on age showed a slope and an intercept not significantly different from 1 and 0, respectively, which indicated that otolith growth increments were deposited on a daily basis, with the first microincrement occurring at hatching. Increment counts were consistent between three interpreters, indicating a consistent and reliable age estimate. This study validates that the otolith increment deposition rate can be used to assess hatching dates and daily growth of wild S. cephalus under 150 dph and in environments similar to the conditions used in this study.  相似文献   

12.
Macro- and microstructures of the sagitta, asteriscus, and lapillus of juveniles of Malawian characid Hemigrammopetersius barnardi were observed. The sagittae were arrowhead shaped and showed development of rostra. Increments in the sagitta were observable until the bases of the rostra but were invisible in the rostra. The asteriscus had an irregular shape with an ambiguous core and notches at the margin. The ambiguous core of the asteriscus led to difficulty in discerning the first increment. The lapilli were round and fan shaped. Increments in the lapilli were distinct from the core to the margin. The daily increment deposition was validated by alizarin complexone treatment, and the increments increased at the rate of 1 day−1 after hatching. These features suggested that in this species the lapillus is most appropriate for daily increment analysis. The hatching months were estimated based on the lapillus increment counts, and the results showed that this species continuously hatched in the rainy season for 6 months from November to April. The growth trajectory indicated that H. barnardi attains a total length of 50 mm within 4 months of hatching.  相似文献   

13.
Synopsis Otolith microstructure of about 120 Gymnocypris potanini larvae from the Minjiang River in China was examined and analyzed. Larvae had multiple primordia in most lapilli and sagittae, while had only one primordium in a few specimens. There had only one nucleus in otoliths of the larvae, except for some few specimens with 2 nuclei. The transparence of many otoliths differed from center to edge, and part of them could be divided into inner low optically dense zone (LODZ) and outer optically dense zone (ODZ). Based on increment clarity, otoliths of this species could be classified into three types, which were otolith with subtile increments, otolith with almost identified increments, and otolith with fairly clear increments characterized by high contrast. The last two types of otolith accounted for 87.07% in lapilli and 94.46% in sagittae, respectively. Increment clarity of sagitta was higher than that of lapillus. Natural checks were identified in 32.50% lapilli and 48.33% sagittae. These checks primarily located in the first to sixth increment. According to the number of increments in otoliths, the age of this batch larvae was 14 – 22 days, birth date was on June 17 – 25, and average growth rate of body length was 0.8936 ± 0.08769 mm/d.  相似文献   

14.
Cod larvae from Irish Sea stocks were reared under differentgrowth conditions, and the otolith growth and increment formationexamined in sagittae and lapilli. Otolith increments were firstdeposited around the time of hatching and increment counts,on average, reflected larval age. The growth rate of fish larvaereared in different sized tanks was significantly different(P < 0.001), but there was no detectable effect on incrementformation. Otolith size was independent of larval size for individuals<5 mm in length. In larvae >6 mm, larger, faster growingindividuals had larger and faster growing otoliths.  相似文献   

15.
Daily increment validation in fish otolith is fundamental to studies on fish otolith microstructure, age determination and life history traits, and thus is critical for species conservation and fishery management. However, it has never been done for Schizothoracine fish, which is the dominant component of fish fauna in the Tibetan Plateau. This study validated the daily increment formation of Gymnocypris selincuoensis, as a representative of Schizothoracine fish, by monitoring the growth of hatchery‐reared larvae group and wild‐caught post‐yolk‐sac larvae group under controlled experiments. The results from monitoring the hatchery‐reared larvae group showed that sagittae and lapilli were found in yolk‐sac larvae, and formed 5–7 days before hatching, but asterisci were not found until 11 days post‐hatching. The first increment in sagittae and lapilli was formed in the first day after hatching. The daily periodicity of increment formation was examined and confirmed in sagittae and lapilli of both larvae groups. However, sagittae were better for age determination than lapilli for larvae at earlier days. For larval G. selincuoensis older than 50 days, lapilli were the only otolith pair suitable for larvae daily age determination. This study validated the daily increment formation in Schizothoracine fish for the first time has primary implications to other fishes from this subfamily.  相似文献   

16.
Microstructural growth in the sagittae ofSeastes schlegeli, a viviparous scorpaenid, is described from prenatal larval to early juvenile stages, and related to morphological changes. Embryos and prenatal larvae were extruded from a gravid female from 21 d prior to birth onwards, and released larvae reared and sampled up to 58 d after birth. Eggs hatched in the ovary 14 d prior to birth. At this time, otoliths consisted of a core surrounded by a prominent check, similar to the otolith structure seen in oviparous fishes. Fourteen growth increments had been deposited by birth. The parturition mark it-self comprised a prominent check and narrow growth increment Growth increments were deposited daily from hatching up to 58 d after birth, whereas accessory primordia first appeared in otoliths by ca. 32 d after birth, at a specimen total length of ca. 13 mm. This corresponded to the period during which the larvae metamorphosed into juveniles. Otoliths grew exponentially during the larval stage and linearly during the juvenile stage. when plotted against total length. Growth in total length from hatching to 58 d after birth could be represented by the Gompertz curve.  相似文献   

17.
Otolith microstructure of reared and wild cresthead flounder Pseudopleuronectes schrenki larvae and juveniles was used to investigate the daily periodicity of ring formation, morphological change and unique otolith structure related to important life events. By comparing microstructural features of P. schrenki with those reported for other flatfish species, it was shown that there may be microstructural features that are common to all flatfishes. In the sagittae and lapillus, a check (a distinct ring) was formed in the centre of otoliths at c. 6 days post hatching, and the daily formation of rings observed outside the check was confirmed. During metamorphosis, accessory primordia (AP) of otolith growth were formed on the outer edge of the sagittae, and the shape of the sagittae became more complex. No AP was formed on the lapilli, however, and otolith rings were concentrically formed throughout the larval and juvenile (≤51·6 mm standard length, LS) stages. It is proposed, therefore, that lapilli are more appropriate than sagittae for analysis throughout the larval and juvenile (≤51·6 mm LS) stages. During metamorphosis, unique rings that are relatively wide and show weak contrast are formed on lapilli (metamorphosing zone, MZ). Hence, the duration of metamorphosis, larval duration and the days of juvenile life can be estimated by the number of rings within the MZ, using rings from the check to outermost ring of the MZ, and that of rings formed outside MZ, respectively. The formation of AP on sagittae as well as the absence of AP, bilateral asymmetry and the formation of a unique structure during metamorphosis on lapilli have also been reported for other flatfishes.  相似文献   

18.
Growth of young-of-the-year mackerel in the Bay of Biscay   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The first growth season of young-of-the-year (0+ year) mackerel Scomber scombrus , sampled in the Bay of Biscay, was parameterized to determine growth patterns. Daily increments were identified on sagittae otoliths, for calculation of age and growth of 92 larvae and 54 juveniles over the range 3·6–215·0 mm standard length ( L S). A Gompertz curve was fitted to the length-at-age data. At the end of the first year of growth L S was 194·2 mm, with a maximum growth increment of c . 2 mm day−1, observed 62 days after hatching. Backcalculated growth increments for mackerel juveniles, during their larval stage, were higher than those observed for sampled larvae; only 10·9% of sampled larvae were estimated to survive. Growth for north-eastern Atlantic mackerel was slower than that published for north-western Atlantic mackerel. Backcalculated hatching dates for mackerel were consistent with the typical temporal distribution of mackerel spawning in the Bay of Biscay.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号