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1.
通过测定精子的激活率、运动时间及寿命,研究了鮸鱼精子的生理特性,以0.5mL麦细管为冻存管、两步降温法超低温冻存鮸鱼精子。结果表明,鮸鱼精子激活与运动的适宜盐度为20~30、适宜pH值为5.5~9.0,适宜的KCl、NaCl、CaCl2溶液浓度分别为(500~600)mmol/L、(400~500)mmol/L、(300~400)mmol/L,适宜的葡萄糖溶液浓度为(800~900)mmol/L。无Ca2+、Mg2+及HCO3-的人工海水均能使鮸鱼精子激活,但运动时间及寿命有所下降。以Cortland溶液为稀释液,10%Gly、15%Gly、5%DMSO、10%DMSO、15%DMSO、10%EG、10%PG、15%PG及20%PG为抗冻剂,超低温冻存鮸鱼精子15d后,冻精的活力与鲜精相比无显著差异,其中,以10%Gly为抗冻剂冻存精子的效果最好,冻精的激活率、运动时间及寿命分别达(86.38±1.63)%、(8.24±1.37)min及(10.21±0.42)min。 相似文献
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以0.5 mL的麦细管为冻存管和DMSO为抗冻剂进行超低温冷冻黑鲷精子,对冻精核DNA的损伤情况进行单细胞凝胶电泳(SCGE)检测,其结果表明,以Cortland溶液为稀释液,5%、10%、15%及20%DMSO为抗冻剂的超低温冻存的黑鲷精子活力、受精率与鲜精无显著差异。其中以10%DMSO为抗冻剂的冻存效果最佳,冻精的激活率、运动时间、寿命及受精率分别达(92.91±1.25)%、(39.90±2.70)min、(53.82±2.84)min及(89.35±1.99)%;而以25%及30%DMSO为抗冻剂时,冻精活力及受精率显著下降。SCGE检测结果显示,DMSO浓度为5%、10%、15%及20%时,黑鲷冻精与鲜精的彗星率及损伤系数差异不显著;DMSO浓度为25%及30%时,冻精与鲜精的彗星率及损伤系数差异显著;冻精的彗星率与抗冻剂DMSO浓度成正相关。黑鲷鲜精及冻精核的DNA损伤主要为轻度和中度损伤,重度损伤比例较低,完全损伤仅存在于25%及30%DMSO为抗冻剂的冻精中,且比例低。分析认为,较高浓度的DMSO是引起冻精核DNA损伤的主要原因。 相似文献
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本文纪录了淡水红藻串珠藻属Batrachospermum的二个新种。它们采自中国的亚热地区,按其形态特征,它们属于旋转组Section Contorta。采自湖北省的弯形中珠藻B.curvatum与扭曲串珠藻B.tortuosum Kumano相似,但按其轮节、顶毛和受精丝等的形态与后者相区别。采自江西省的弯转串珠藻B.torsivum与赫罗西串珠藻B.hirosei Ratnasabapathy et Kumano相似,但轮节、中轴细胞、节丝和节间丝、果胞枝和受精丝等的大小和形态与后者相区别。 相似文献
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红毛菜、坛紫菜和条斑紫菜三种海洋红藻中的别藻蓝蛋白的特征吸收光谱(λ_(max)650 nm),荧光发射光谱(F_(max)662nm)、等电点(pI 4.42)、聚集态(分子量:134 kD)及其亚基分子量(α17kD,β18.5kD)均相同;结合它们各自吸收光谱的二阶导数光谱、圆二色谱和氨基酸残基组成等,与蓝藻--螺旋藻中的别藻蓝蛋白进行了比较。研究结果表明:四种来源不同的别藻蓝蛋白结构具有同一性,都是由α和β两个亚基组成的(αβ)_3结构。 相似文献
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低温冻存对骨髓基质细胞生物学特性的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的:探讨低温冻存对骨髓细胞和贴壁基质细胞生物学特性的影响。方法:取新鲜骨髓和经Dexter法培养14d的骨髓贴壁基质细胞(称“基质细胞”),经-196℃液氮冻存(前者称“冻存骨髓”,后者称“冻存基质细胞”)2周,复温,再用Dexter法培养这些细胞,检测细胞增殖、细胞形态、细胞化学染色、细胞表面抗原及基质细胞支持另一骨髓造血细胞形成的鹅卵石造血区(CAFC),长期培养起始细胞(LTCIC)的变化,比较冻存对骨髓细胞和基质细胞生物学特性的影响。结果:生长特性:冻存骨髓比新鲜骨髓、冻存基质细胞比新鲜基质细胞培养后融合成片的时间延迟,细胞增殖数比也有减低。细胞成分:冻存骨髓比新鲜骨髓形成的成纤维细胞、内皮细胞比率下降,而巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞比率升高,冻存基质细胞上述现象更明显:冻存后含凋亡小体的细胞在骨髓细胞和基质细胞内均有增加。细胞表面抗原:冻存骨髓、冻存基质细胞CD14、HLA-DR抗原表达百分率比新鲜骨髓、新鲜基质细胞高,CD45、CD33反之。支持造血:冻存前后骨髓和基质细胞支持形成的CAFC和LTC-IC,生长良好,无显著差异。结论:骨髓细胞和经培养生成的贴壁基质细胞,经冻存和复温,生物学特性有一定变化,但仍可以保留良好的支持造血重建功能。 相似文献
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考察了光照时间,培养温度,二氧化碳通入量等生态因素对处于不同生长时期的小球藻,等鞭金藻,新月菱形藻中的蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明,不同种类的微藻,生态因素对其胞内蛋白质含量的影响不同,小球藻在光照17h,培养温度19℃,每日间歇通入25mLCO2/L培养液的条件下,培养至对数对数生长期,蛋白质含量达到70%;等鞭金藻在光照17h,培养温度19℃以上,不通入CO2的条件下培养至静止期,蛋白质含量接近70%;新月菱形藻光照17h,培养温度25℃,不通入CO2的条件下培养至对数对数生长期,蛋白质含量超过70%。 相似文献
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低温冻存对脐血树突状细胞生物特性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 :观察低温冻存对脐血来源的树突状细胞 (DCs)培养生物特性的影响 ,为DCs的应用提供冻存方法。方法 :设未冻存脐血细胞 (UFCB)经增殖培养后产生的DCs(UFDCs)为对照组 ,来源于经低温冻存的脐血 (CPCB)的DCs和经低温冻存的DCs(CPDCs)为实验组 ,比较实验组与对照组DCs生物特性 ,包括细胞增殖量 ,不染色和染色的细胞形态 ,台盼蓝拒染回收率 (TBR) ;细胞表面抗原 ;混合淋巴细胞培养剌激指数 (SI)、抗毒 杀灭效应处理率(ER)。结果 :CPCB与UFCB比 ,形成DCs的时间迟 ,细胞增殖量、树突状细胞量、CD1a、CD83、HLA DR表达、SI、ER均低。CPDCs与UFDCs比 ,形成贴壁树突状细胞迟 ,细胞增殖量、树突状细胞量、CD1a、CD83、HLA DR表达、SI、ER均低。CPCB的TBR为 95.8% ,CPDCs的TBR为 88.7%。结论 :脐血细胞和经增殖培养的脐血DCs ,经低温冻存后复温培养 ,DCs的生物特性有一定的损伤 ,但基本功能仍比较完整 ,回收率均 >85%。 相似文献
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几种海洋红藻中的R—藻红蛋白对胰鸟素抗体的免疫反… 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文利用点免疫结合测定法研究了条斑紫菜,红毛菜,多管藻,海萝和江蓠中两种不同分子量的R-和r-藻红蛋白(PE)对胰岛素抗体的免疫反应性。这5种红藻中的R-藻红蛋白都可用蔗糖密度线性梯度超速离心法,得到分子量不同的两种R-PE。它们与胰岛素抗体都发生免疫结合反应,但用反射扫描色谱测定,在抗原量相同的比较实验中,反映它们免疫结合反应的棕色斑点的扫描峰面积有所不同。即它们与胰岛素抗体的结合率不同,其中海 相似文献
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Hitherto only gametangial and carposporangial phases of Thuretellopsis peggiana Kylin have been reported. A study of this rare member of the Dumontiaceae (Cryptonemiales) in culture has disclosed the existence of an encrusting tetrasporangial phase, previously unknown, whilst the life history has been shown to be of the ‘Bonnemaisonia’ type. 相似文献
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目的:改进现有的细胞冷冻保存方法,建立一个不舍二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和血清(FBS)的高效冷冻保存方法,为细胞治疗等临床实践提供优质细胞。方法:海藻酸微囊包埋鼠胚成纤维细胞(STO细胞)后用不含DMSO和FBS的冷冻保存液进行冷冻保存。,设四个对照组:添加10%DMSO和20%FBS的组、仅添加10%DMSO的组、仅添加20%FBS、DMSO和FBS均不添加组。在冷冻前后对各实验组细胞用台盼兰染色,进行细胞计数,计算细胞存活率,同时利用溴乙锭的二聚物(EthD)、钙黄绿素-AM(Calcein—AM)进行染色观察细胞的形态,且进一步验证细胞存活率;解冻复苏后用MTT法评估细胞的增殖速度和生长活力。结果:冷冻保存30天后对各组的细胞数量、细胞存活率、细胞形态和解冻复苏后细胞的生长活力进行比较发现,海藻酸微囊包埋冷冻组的细胞数、细胞存活率、细胞形态和生长活力均与添加DMSO和FBS的组之间无显著性差异,而与其它三个对照组呈显著性差异。结论:使用海藻酸微囊替代DMSO和FBS保存STO细胞,能有效的维持细胞形态、数量、存活率,同时不影响细胞的生长活力,从而建立了一个不含DMS0和FBS的高效冷冻保存方法。 相似文献
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PURPOSE: To reduce the time taken for thawing and removal of cryoprotectant from heart valves. METHODS: Three sets of experiments were carried out using porcine heart valves. The valves in all three experiments were first exposed to 10% (v/v) dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) by a 2-step protocol. Outcome was determined after the various experimental treatments by monitoring the outgrowth of cells from valve leaflet explants. Experiment 1-Dilution protocol. Valves exposed to 10% DMSO were subjected to 4-, 2- or 1-step dilution to remove the DMSO. Experiment 2-Warming rate. The rate of warming was increased by reducing the volume of cryoprotectant medium in which the valves were frozen. Valves were exposed to 10% DMSO, frozen in different volumes (100, 50, 25 or 0 ml) of cryoprotectant medium, and warmed in a 37 degrees C water bath. The DMSO was removed by 4-step dilution. Experiment 3-Standard vs. Modified protocol. Valves were either frozen in 100 ml 10% DMSO, thawed, and subjected to 4-step dilution (Standard) or frozen in 50 ml 10% DMSO, thawed, and the DMSO removed by single-step dilution (Modified). RESULTS: Neither the rate of warming nor the rate of dilution of DMSO had any influence on the subsequent outgrowth of valve leaflet fibroblasts. There were no differences in the outgrowth of cells from valve leaflets cryopreserved by the Standard or Modified protocols. CONCLUSION: The time taken for thawing and dilution of heart valves could be reduced from >20 min to <10 min without detriment to the viability of the leaflet fibroblasts. This should have a positive impact on valve replacement surgery as the thawing and dilution of valves are typically carried out while the patients are on cardiopulmonary bypass. 相似文献
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《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2022,29(8):103339
In the present study, different water samples from Red Sea coastal area at Rabigh city, Saudi Arabia were studied for their dominant algal species. Microalgal isolation was carried out based on dilution method and morphologically examined using F/2 as a growth medium. Dry weight and main biochemical composition (protein, carbohydrates, lipids) of all species were performed at the end of the growth, and biodiesel characteristics were estimated. Nannochloropsis sp., Dunaliella sp., Tetraselmis sp., Prorocentrum sp., Chlorella sp., Nitzschia sp., Coscinodiscus sp., and Navicula sp. were the most dominant species in the collected water samples and were used for further evaluation. Nannochloropsis sp. surpassed all other isolates in concern of biomass production with the maximum recorded dry weight of 0.89 g L?1, followed by Dunaliella sp. (0.69 g L?1). The highest crude protein content was observed in Nitzschia sp. (38.21%) and Dunaliella sp. (18.01%), while Nannochloropsis sp. showed 13.38%, with the lowest recorded lipid content in Coscinodiscus sp. (10.09%). Based on the growth, lipid content, and biodiesel characteristics, the present study suggested Dunaliella sp. and Nitzschia sp. as promising candidates for further large-scale biodiesel production. 相似文献
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邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)对海洋微藻的生态毒理研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过96h的急性毒性实验,研究了邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)对杜氏盐藻(Dunaliella salina)、绿色巴夫藻(Pavlova viridis)和三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)三种海洋微藻的致毒效应,探讨了三种海洋微藻对DMP的耐受性及两者之间的相互作用。结果显示DMP对三种微藻的生长均有抑制作用,在DMP的处理浓度分别为0.1、10、40、80和200mg·L-1时,与对照组相比,DMP生长抑制百分率分别为22.9~93.1%、42.1~82.2%和61.9~92.2%。DMP对对杜氏盐藻、绿色巴夫藻和三角褐指藻的EC50值分别为103.3、43.9和0.12mg·L-1。 相似文献
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由于海洋环境和微藻本身的特殊性,从微藻中筛选抗菌物质已成为当今研究的热点之一,并且具有广阔的应用前景。对近年来从微藻中筛选抗菌物质的研究现状和进展进行了综述,重点总结了抗菌活性物质筛选过程中的模型选用,并介绍了新筛选模型的发展,指出了难点问题及可行的解决方法。 相似文献
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Tadashi Matsunaga Haruko Takeyama Takashi Nakao Akira Yamazawa 《Journal of biotechnology》1999,70(1-3):33-38
Twenty four strains out of 191 marine microalgal strains exhibited cadmium (Cd) resistance. They were tested for their Cd removal ability in growth media containing 50 μM Cd. Six strains out of 19 green algae and one out of five cyanobacteria removed more than 10% of total Cd from the medium. The marine green alga Chlorella sp. NKG16014 showed the highest removal of Cd 48.7% of total. Cd removal by NKG16014 was further quantitatively evaluated by measuring the amount of cell adsorption and intracellular accumulation. After 12 days incubation, 67% of the removed Cd was accumulated intracellularly and 25% of the Cd removed was adsorbed on the algal cell surface. The maximum Cd adsorption (qmax) was estimated to be 37.0 mg Cd (g dry cells)−1 using the Langmuir sorption model. The Cd removal by freeze-dried NKG16014 cells was also determined. Cd was more quickly adsorbed by dried cells than that by living cells, with a qmax of 91.0 mg Cd (g dry cells)−1. 相似文献
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This study was designed to identify a suitable freezing protocol for rabbit semen by comparing the effects of different concentrations and equilibration times of dimethylacetamide (DMA) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the postthaw quality of the semen. After establishing the best protocols for each cryoprotectant, their efficacy was compared by examining the in vivo fertilizing capacity of the semen samples. Pooled semen samples diluted in freezing medium containing 4%, 6%, or 8% DMA or DMSO (all combined with 1% sucrose as a nonpermeating cryoprotectant) were loaded in straws and equilibrated for 5, 15, or 45 min before freezing in liquid nitrogen vapor. The variables assessed after thawing were sperm motility, viability, osmotic resistance, and acrosome and DNA integrity. Marked effects on these variables were shown by the cryoprotectant concentration and equilibration time, with best results obtained using DMA 6% or DMSO 8% and equilibration times of 45 min. These freezing protocols were selected to compare the two cryoprotectants in an insemination trial. Three groups of 114 rabbit does (28 nulliparous and 86 multiparous in each group) were inseminated with fresh semen or with semen frozen using the optimized DMA or DMSO protocols. Fertility rates and numbers of kids born were similar, respectively for the DMSO-frozen (79.8% and 7.7 ± 0.3 young per kindling) and fresh semen (81.6% and 8.6 ± 0.3) yet higher (P ≤ 0.05) than the rates returned using the DMA-frozen semen (47.4% and 6.7 ± 0.4). Moreover, the numbers of rabbits born alive when DMSO was used in the freezing protocol, despite being lower than those recorded using fresh semen, were higher than when DMA was used as the cryoprotectant (P < 0.05). The physiological status of the does (nulliparous or multiparous) had no influence on the fertility and prolificacy results. Our findings indicate that the cryosurvival of rabbit sperm frozen using DMSO or DMA as the cryoprotectant is highly influenced by the concentration of cryoprotectant used and the time the semen is exposed to the agent before freezing. According to our in vivo fertility and prolificacy data, DMSO emerged as more effective than DMA for the cryopreservation of rabbit sperm. 相似文献
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一、植物的化学成分及其与生态环境的关系生命是由无机环境演化而来的。植物以无机物作为其主要的营养物质。已发现植物体内有70多种化学元素。不过,生命是在H_2O、NH_3、CH_2、CO_2、CO、H_2S、H_3PO_4等存在的还原环境中产生的。因此,C、H、O、N、S、P是各种生物的致生元素,每种生命形式都含有它们。其中,C、H、O、N4种元素是致生元素的主体。因此,在各种植物中,其含量都占绝大部分,并且不同植物种含量的差别不大。除此以外的化学元素,不管是植物必需元素还是非必 相似文献
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低浓度毒物对海洋微藻生长刺激效应的初步研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
1 引 言毒物刺激效应又称毒物兴奋效应 ,是指毒物在较低的浓度下 ,对生物非但无害而且表现出刺激生长的现象 .Steb bing[10 ] 称这种现象为毒物刺激效应 (hormesis) .目前已有许多报道表明 ,低浓度的污染物或毒物普遍对海洋微藻的生长具有刺激效应 ,并被推测是导致赤潮产生的重要环节[5,7,13 ] .另外 ,已有文章报道 ,海洋微藻的生长繁殖与藻液中的微生物密切相关 .因此 ,推测低浓度毒物对海洋微藻的生长刺激效应与海洋微藻生活环境中的微生物也有着一定的关系 .但是 ,关于这方面的研究还未见报道 .在少有的有关毒物刺激… 相似文献