秦岭南坡东段油松人工林生态系统碳、氮储量及其分配格局

研究秦岭南坡东段8、25、35、42和61年生油松人工林碳、氮储量和分配格局.结果表明:油松人工林不同林龄乔木层碳、氮含量为441.40~526.21和3.13~3.99 g·kg-1,灌木层为426.06~447.25和10.62~12.45 g·kg-1,草本层为301.37~401.52和10.35~13.33 g·kg-1,枯落物层为382.83~424.71和8.69~11.90 g·kg-1,土壤层(0~100 cm)为1.51~18.17和0.29~1.45 g·kg-1.树干和树枝分别是乔木层的主要碳库和氮库,占乔木层碳储量的48.5%~62.7%和氮储量的39.2%~48.4%.林龄对生态系统碳、氮储量均有显著影响.生态系统碳储量随林龄增加而增加,35年时达最大值146.06 t·hm-2,成熟后碳储量有所下降.5个林龄段油松林生态系统氮储量的最大值为25年时的10.99 t·hm-2.植被层平均碳、氮储量分别为45.33t·hm-2和568.55 kg·hm-2,土壤层平均碳、氮储量分别为73.12和8.57 t·hm-2,且土壤层中碳、氮的积累具有明显的表层富集现象.研究区油松人工林生态系统碳、氮储量主要分布在土壤层,其次为乔木层.生态系统碳储量空间分配格局为:土壤层(64.1%)>乔木层(30.0%)>灌草层和枯落物层(5.9%),氮储量为土壤层(93.2%)>乔木层(5.3%)>灌草层和枯落物层(1.5%).     

四川人工林生态系统碳储量特征

利用森林资源清查资料和标准地实测数据估算了四川人工林生态系统的碳密度、碳储量及分配特征.结果表明:四川人工林生态系统平均碳密度为161.16 Mg C·hm^-2,各层碳密度从大到小排序为土壤层(141.64 Mg C·hm^-2)＞乔木层(17.95 Mg C·hm^-2)＞枯落物层(1.06 Mg C·hm^-2)＞灌草层(0.52 Mg C·hm^-2).四川人工林生态系统总碳储量为573.57 Tg C,其中乔木层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层分别为63.88、1.836、3.764和504.09 Tg C,分别占总碳量的11.14%、0.32%、0.66%和87.88%.不同人工林生态系统的碳储量和碳密度差异较大,分别介于1.21～99.44 Tg C和75.50～251.74 Mg C·hm^-2之间,其空间分配也表现为土壤层最大、灌草层最小.但四川省人工林生态系统乔木层碳密度较低,幼、中龄林分比重大,如果对现有人工林加以更好的管理,碳吸存潜力较大.从生态系统水平监测人工林生态系统的碳储量有助于提高森林碳吸存估算的精度.     

三峡库区森林生态系统有机碳密度及碳储量

森林生态系统作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,在减缓全球气候变化过程中发挥重要作用.基于104块样地调查和森林资源二类清查数据,运用GIS平台,对三峡库区森林生态系统有机碳密度及储量进行研究,结果表明:(1)三峡库区森林优势树种各器官的含碳率为44.59%～54.45%,森林凋落物含碳率为30.61%～42.73%,平均为36.38%;(2)三峡库区森林生态系统平均碳密度为117.68t · hm-2,低于我国森林平均水平;植被层碳密度平均为24.15 t · hm-2,其中常绿阔叶林植被层碳密度最高,达42.80 t · hm-2;枯落物层平均碳密度为2.74 t · hm-2,土壤有机碳密度平均为9.09 kg · m-2;(3)三峡库区森林生态系统总有机碳储量为286.14×106t,其中植被层碳储量为58.72×106t,凋落物碳储量为6.67×106t,土壤碳储量为220.74×106t;(4)三峡库区马尾松林分布面积最大,其总有机碳储量为77.24×106t,占三峡库区森林有机碳总储量的26.99%;在各森林类型中,马尾松林植被层、凋落物层和土壤层有机碳储量均最高,分别达到20.70 × 106t、2.66×106t和53.89×106t;(5)三峡库区森林有机碳密度呈现"东高西低"分布格局,巴东-秭归、巫山-巫溪、石柱-武隆及江津南部有机碳密度较高.在三峡库区提高森林质量、扩大森林面积是增强森林生态系统碳汇功能的有效途径.     

海南岛森林生态系统碳储量及其空间分布特征

利用最新的森林资源二类调查分布数据和野外样地调查资料,采用InVEST模型和空间统计分析等方法,研究了海南岛森林生态系统碳储量及其空间分布特征。结果表明：海南岛森林生态系统总碳储量为338.15 TgC,其中地上生物、地下生物、凋落物和土壤的碳储量分别为85.12、18.73、2.90 TgC和231.40 TgC,所占比重依次为25.17%、5.54%、0.86%和68.43%。海南岛森林生态系统平均碳密度为147.66 MgC/hm²,其中地上生物、地下生物、凋落物和土壤碳密度分别为37.17、8.18、1.27 MgC/hm²和101.04 MgC/hm²。不同市县森林生态系统碳储量分布在8.55—35.40 TgC的范围内,最高的是琼中县。不同植被类型中,橡胶林的碳储量最高,占全岛森林生态系统总碳储量的27.72%;热带山地雨林的碳密度最高,达到249.64 MgC/hm²。在海拔梯度上,森林生态系统碳密度呈现先增加后减少的变化特征,在海拔600—1300 m范围内的碳密度最高,碳密度为20...     

长沙市区马尾松人工林生态系统碳储量及其空间分布

采用样方法和取样法,研究了长沙市区13年生马尾松林生态系统碳含量、碳储量及其空间分布特征。结果表明:马尾松林木各器官平均碳含量为511.17 g/kg,从高到低排列顺序为叶>干>根>皮>枝;林下灌木层、草本层、枯落物层的平均碳含量分别为531.66、465.53、393.92g/kg。林地土壤层有机碳含量为9.40—24.73 g/kg,各层次碳素含量分布不均,表层(0—15cm)土壤碳素含量较高,并随土壤深度的增加而逐渐下降。生态系统碳库的空间分布序列为土壤层>植被层>枯落物层。植被层的碳储量为34.50t/hm2,占整个生态系统碳总储量的21.57%;乔木层碳储量占整个生态系统的20.27%,占植被层碳储量的93.97%。乔木层碳储量中,树干的碳储量最高,占乔木层碳储量的65.52%,其次为根,占乔木层碳储量的19.15%,树皮最少,仅占2.10%;枯落物层碳储量为3.81 t/hm2,仅占整个生态系统碳储量的2.38%;林地土壤层(0—60cm)碳储量相当可观,为121.62 t/hm2,占系统碳储量的76.05%。马尾松林年净生产力为4.88 t.hm-.2a-1,有机碳年净固定量为2.50 t.hm-.2a-1,折合成CO2的量为9.16 t.hm-.2a-1。     

黄土丘陵区退耕还林地刺槐人工林碳储量及分配规律

采用样地调查与生物量实测方法,研究了甘肃黄土丘陵区不同坡向(阳坡、阴坡)和退耕年限(退耕5a、8a和11a)刺槐人工林乔木不同器官、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层的碳含量,以及刺槐人工林乔木层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层碳储量及其分配特征。结果表明:刺槐不同器官碳含量均值变化范围为43.02%—50.89%%,从高到低排列顺序为树干细枝中枝粗枝叶根桩大根粗根小根中根树皮细根;灌木层碳含量为35.76%—42.74%;草本层碳含量为35.83%—43.64%;枯落物层碳含量为39.55%—41.77%;土壤层(0—100 cm)碳含量均值变化范围0.22%—0.99%,随退耕年限增加而增大,土壤深度的增加而逐渐下降。刺槐人工林生态系统碳库空间分布序列为土壤层(0—100 cm)植被层枯落物层。阳坡和阴坡退耕5a、8a、11a刺槐林生态系统碳储量分别为52.52、58.93、73.72 t/hm2和49.95、61.83、79.03 t/hm2。退耕年限和坡向是影响刺槐人工林碳储量增加的主要因素。刺槐人工林具有良好的固碳效益,是黄土丘陵区的理想树种。     

陕西省森林生态系统碳储量分布格局分析

为明晰陕西省森林生态系统碳储量分布格局,基于2009年森林资源清查资料和2011年调查所得样地实测数据,对陕西省森林生态系统碳储量、碳密度及其空间分布特征进行了研究分析。结果表明:陕西省森林生态系统总碳储量为790.75 Tg,土壤层、植被层和枯落物层碳储量分别占总碳储量的72.14%、26.52%和1.34%;其中,栎类碳储量在各森林类型中所占比重最大(44.17%),中、幼龄林是陕西省森林生态系统碳储量的主要贡献者,约占总碳储量的49%。陕西省森林生态系统平均碳密度为123.70 t·hm–2,土壤层最大,枯落物层最小,植被层居中;碳密度均随龄级增加而升高,同一龄级表现为天然林高于人工林生态系统。此外,陕西省森林生态系统碳储量、碳密度分布格局不尽一致,反映了森林覆盖面积及森林质量对碳储量的影响。未来应加强林地抚育管理水平,增加造林再造林面积以增加碳储存,应对全球气候变化。     

浙江省森林生态系统碳储量及其分布特征

利用2011~(–2)012年野外标准地实测资料,结合第八次全国森林资源清查资料,研究了浙江省森林生态系统碳储量及其分布特征。结果表明:浙江省森林生态系统碳储量为602.73 Tg,其中乔木层、灌草层、凋落物层和土壤层碳储量分别为122.88 Tg、16.73 Tg、11.36 Tg和451.76 Tg,分别占生态系统碳储量的20.39%、2.78%、1.88%和74.95%;在各森林类型中,阔叶混交林碳储量为138.03 Tg,所占比例最大(22.90%);在森林各龄组中,幼、中龄林约占浙江省森林生态系统碳储量的70.66%,是碳储量的主要贡献者。浙江省森林生态系统平均碳密度为120.80 t·hm~(–2),乔木层、灌草层、凋落物层和土壤层碳密度分别为24.65 t·hm~(–2)、3.36 t·hm~(–2)、2.28 t·hm~(–2)和90.51 t·hm~(–2)。浙江省森林生态系统土壤层碳储量和生态系统碳储量呈极显著相关关系,说明土壤层碳储量对浙江省森林生态系统碳储量贡献较大。浙江省天然林乔木层碳密度整体表现为过熟林成熟林近熟林中龄林幼龄林,而人工林乔木层碳密度表现为过熟林近熟林成熟林中龄林幼龄林。浙江省幼、中龄林林分面积占比重较大,占全省森林面积的76.76%,若对现有森林进行更好的经营和管理,可以增加浙江省森林的碳固存能力。     

辽东山区典型森林生态系统碳密度

以辽东山区典型森林生态系统为研究对象,通过系统的样地调查并结合辽宁省2009年森林资源二类调查资料,利用异速生长方程和植被类型法对典型森林生态系统不同组分碳密度及碳储量进行估算.结果显示,辽东山区森林生态系统碳密度为300.050Mg· hm-2,各层碳密度的大小顺序为:土壤层(232.452 Mg·hm-2)＞乔木层( 63.237Mg · hm-2)＞凋落物层(3.529 Mg·hm-2)＞灌木层(0.558 Mg · hm-2)＞草本层(0.274Mg·hm-2).乔木层碳密度随着林龄的增加而增大,灌木层碳密度随着林龄的增加而减小,土壤、草本和凋落物层碳密度在不同龄组间的变化没有明显的规律性.辽东山区305.852×104 hm2的生态系统碳储量为917.709 Tg C,其中生物量碳储量为206.751Tg C,土壤碳储量为710.959 Tg C,土壤碳储量是生物量碳储量的3.44倍.通过比较本次调查结果与以往研究结果发现,利用森林清查资料,由于低估了幼龄林的乔木碳密度,导致辽东山区的乔木碳储量低估,且以往研究中用简单的换算系数高估了林下植被碳密度,但远低估了土壤碳密度.     

上海外环林带女贞人工林生态系统碳储量

提高林分碳储量估测精度,对于研究区域尺度上森林固碳功能具有重要的意义。本文以上海外环林带女贞(Ligustrum lucidum)人工林为研究对象,构建了女贞立木及各器官(根、干、皮、枝、叶)生物量方程,并对9年生女贞人工林乔木层、地表枯落物层和土壤层(0~100 cm)碳储量进行了估测。结果表明,女贞立木及各器官生物量方程拟合效果较好(R20.9,P0.01)。女贞人工林生态系统总碳储量为169.89 t·hm-2,其中林分乔木层碳储量为10.48 t·hm-2,地表枯落物层碳储量为1.54 t·hm-2,林分土壤(0~100 cm)碳储量所占比例最大,为157.7 t·hm-2。在女贞人工林乔木层生物量中,树干占林木生物量的比例最大(40%),其次分别为枝(20%)、根(15%)、叶(11%)和皮(4%)。     

Carbon storage and its distribution of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province,China

Aims
The concentration of CO₂ and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has considerably increased over last century and is set to rise further. Forest ecosystems play a key role in reducing CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere and mitigating global climate change. Our objective is to understand carbon storage and its distribution in forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province, China.
Methods
By using the 8th forest resource inventory data and 2011-2012 field investigation data, we estimated carbon storage, density and its distribution in forest ecosystems of Zhejiang Province.
Important findings
The carbon storage of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province was 602.73 Tg, of which 122.88 Tg in tree layer, 16.73 Tg in shrub-herb layer, 11.36 Tg in litter layer and 451.76 Tg in soil layer accounting for 20.39%, 2.78%, 1.88% and 74.95% of the total carbon storage, respectively. The carbon storage of mixed broadleaved forests was 138.03 Tg which ranked the largest (22.90%) among all forest types. The young and middle aged forests which accounted for 70.66% of the total carbon storage were the main body of carbon storage in Zhejiang Province. The carbon density of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province was 120.80 t·hm^-2 and that in tree layer, shrub-herb layer, litter layer and soil layer were 24.65 t·hm^-2, 3.36 t·hm^-2, 2.28 t·hm^-2 and 90.51 t·hm^-2, respectively. The significant relationship between soil organic carbon storage and forest ecosystem carbon storage indicated that soil carbon played an important role in shaping forest ecosystem carbon density. Carbon density of tree layer increased with age in natural forests, but decreased in the order over-mature > near-mature > mature > middle-aged > young forest in plantations. The proportions of young and middle aged forests were larger than any other age classes. Thereby, the carbon storage of forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province could be increased through a proper forest management.     

典型亚热带森林生态系统碳密度及储量空间变异特征

以浙江省森林生态系统为研究对象,基于GIS网格布点,采集了838个森林样地样本(土壤、枯落物等),结合浙江省森林资源监测中心相关数据,利用地统计学和Moran's I相结合的方法系统研究了浙江省森林生态系统碳密度及碳储量空间变异特征。结果表明:浙江省森林生态系统平均碳密度为145.22 t/hm~2,其中森林植被、土壤、枯落物和枯死木层碳密度分别为27.34、108.89、1.79、1.38 t/hm~2。克里格空间插值和局部Moran's I指数结果表明碳密度空间分布规律呈现从西南向东北方向逐渐递减的趋势,与浙江省地形、地势较为一致,受海拔、树龄、森林类型、台风气候等自然因素和人类活动共同影响。浙江省森林生态系统碳储量为877.19 Tg C,森林植被、土壤、枯落物和枯死木层碳储量分别为203.88、656.20、10.84、6.27 Tg C,分别占总碳储量的23%、75%、1.3%、0.7%。在浙江省森林生态系统碳储量空间分布格局中,土壤层是森林生态系统中最大的碳库,约是森林植被层的3.22倍,是整个浙江省森林生态系统碳储量最主要的贡献者。浙江省森林资源丰富,大多数森林仍处于中幼龄林阶段,碳密度水平较低,但是中幼龄林生长速度较快,加强对全省中幼龄林的健康管理,是未来整体提升浙江省森林生态系统固碳潜力的关键。     

宁夏回族自治区森林生态系统固碳现状

根据宁夏回族自治区森林资源清查资料以及野外调查和室内分析的结果,研究了宁夏地区森林生态系统固碳现状,估算了该区森林生态系统的碳密度、碳储量,并分析了其空间分布特征.结果表明: 宁夏森林各植被层生物量大小顺序为: 乔木层(46.64 Mg·hm^-2)>凋落物层(7.34 Mg·hm^-2)>细根层(6.67 Mg·hm^-2)>灌草层(0.73 Mg·hm^-2).云杉类(115.43 Mg·hm^-2)和油松(94.55 Mg·hm^-2)的单位面积植被生物量高于其他树种.不同林龄乔木层碳密度中,过熟林最高,但由于幼龄林面积所占比例最大,其乔木层碳储量(1.90 Tg C)最大.宁夏地区森林生态系统平均碳密度为265.74 Mg C·hm^-2,碳储量为43.54 Tg C,其中,植被层平均碳密度为27.24 Mg C·hm^-2、碳储量为4.46 Tg C,土壤层碳储量是植被层的8.76倍.宁夏地区的森林碳储量整体呈南高北低分布,总量较低.这与其森林面积小和林龄结构低龄化有很大关系.随着林龄结构的改善和林业生态工程的进一步实施,宁夏森林生态系统将发挥巨大的固碳潜力.     

甘肃省5种典型人工林生态系统固碳现状与潜力

基于野外调查与室内实测数据,结合第八次全国森林资源清查资料,分析了甘肃省5种典型人工林生态系统(刺槐、杨树、油松/华山松、落叶松及云杉林)森林生态系统碳密度、碳储量,并估算了乔木层固碳潜力.结果表明: 5种典型人工林生态系统平均碳密度和总碳储量分别为139.65 t·hm^-2和85.78 Tg,不同人工林类型之间差异较大.不同龄组间碳密度表现为近熟林(250.70 t·hm^-2)最大,其次是成熟林(175.97 t·hm^-2)和中龄林(156.92 t·hm^-2),幼龄林(117.56 t·hm^-2)最低.碳储量表现为幼龄林(45.47 Tg)>中龄林(19.54 Tg)>成熟林(11.84 Tg)>近熟林(8.93 Tg),幼中龄林碳储量占总碳储量的75.9%.5种典型人工林乔木层现实固碳潜力合计为7.27 Tg,刺槐林(2.49 Tg)和杨树林(2.10 Tg)最大;各龄组中,幼龄林现实固碳潜力最大(3.78 Tg),其次是中龄林(2.04 Tg),近熟林最小(0.45 Tg).5种典型人工林乔木层最大固碳潜力达27.55 Tg,表现为刺槐林(9.42 Tg)>落叶松林(6.22 Tg)≈云杉林(6.36 Tg)>杨树林(3.18 Tg)>油松/华山松林(2.37 Tg);其中,幼、中龄林最大固碳潜力分别为18.48和6.89 Tg,占总最大固碳潜力的92%.     

Carbon storage of the forests and its spatial pattern in Nei Mongol,China

Aims
Forest carbon storage in Nei Mongol plays a significant role in national terrestrial carbon budget due to its large area in China. Our objectives were to estimate the carbon storage in the forest ecosystems in Nei Mongol and to quantify its spatial pattern.
Methods
Field survey and sampling were conducted at 137 sites that distributed evenly across the forest types in the study region. At each site, the ecosystem carbon density was estimated thorough sampling and measuring different pools of soil (0-100 cm) and vegetation, including biomass of tree, grass, shrub, and litter. Regional carbon storage was calculated with the estimated carbon density for each forest type.
Important findings
Carbon storage of vegetation layer in forests in Nei Mongol was 787.8 Tg C, with the biomass of tree, litter, herbaceous and shrub accounting for 93.5%, 3.0%, 2.7% and 0.8%, respectively. Carbon density of vegetation layer was 40.4 t·hm^-2, with 35.6 t·hm^-2 in trees, 2.9 t·hm^-2 in litter, 1.2 t·hm^-2 in herbaceous and 0.6 t·hm^-2 in shrubs. In comparison, carbon storage of soil layer in forests in Nei Mongol was 2449.6 Tg C, with 79.8% distributed in the first 30 cm. Carbon density of soil layer was 144.4 t·hm^-2. Carbon storage of forest ecosystem in Nei Mongol was 3237.4 Tg C, with vegetation and soil accounting for 24.3% and 75.7%, respectively. Carbon density of forest ecosystems in Nei Mongol was 184.5 t·hm^-2. Carbon density of soil layer was positively correlated with that of vegetation layer. Spatially, both carbon storage and carbon density were higher in the eastern area, where the climate is more humid. Forest reserves and artificial afforestations can significantly improve the capacity of regional carbon sink.     

Current stocks and potential of carbon sequestration of the forest tree layer in Qinghai Province,China

为阐明青海省森林生态系统乔木层植被碳储量现状及其分布特征, 该研究利用240个标准样地实测的乔木数据, 估算出青海省森林生态系统不同林型处于不同龄级阶段的平均碳密度, 并结合青海省森林资源清查资料所提供的不同龄级的各林型面积, 估算了青海省森林生态系统乔木层的固碳现状、速率和潜力。结果表明: 1) 2011年青海省森林乔木层平均碳密度为76.54 Mg·hm ^-2, 总碳储量为27.38 Tg。云杉(Picea spp.)林、柏木(Cupressus funebris)林、桦木(Betula spp.)林、杨树(Populus spp.)林是青海地区的主要林型, 占青海省森林面积的96.23%, 占青海省乔木层碳储量的86.67%, 其中云杉林的碳储量(14.78 Tg)和碳密度(106.93 Mg·hm ^-2)最高。按龄级划分, 乔木层碳储量表现为过熟林>中龄林>成熟林>近熟林>幼龄林。2)青海省乔木层总碳储量从2003年的23.30 Tg增加到2011年的27.38 Tg, 年平均碳增量为0.51 Tg·a ^-1。乔木层固碳速率为1.06 Mg·hm ^-2·a ^-1, 其中柏木林的固碳速率最大(0.44 Mg·hm ^-2·a ^-1); 桦木林的固碳速率为负值(-1.06 Mg·hm ^-2·a ^-1)。3)青海省乔木层植被固碳潜力为8.50 Tg, 其中云杉林固碳潜力最高(3.40 Tg)。该研究结果表明青海省乔木层具有较大的固碳潜力, 若对现有森林资源进行合理管理和利用, 将会增加青海省森林的碳固存能力。     

Current forest carbon stocks and carbon sequestration potential in Anhui Province,China

Aims
This study was conducted to investigate carbon stocks in forest ecosystems of different stand ages in Anhui Province, and to identify the carbon sequestration potential of climax forests controlled by the natural environment conditions.
Methods
Data were collected based on field investigations and simulations were made with the BIOME4 carbon cycle model.
Important findings
Currently, the total forest carbon stocks in Anhui Province amounts to 714.5 Tg C: 402.1 Tg C in vegetation and 312.4 Tg C in soil. Generally, both the total and vegetation carbon density exhibit an increasing trend with the natural growth of forest stands. Soil carbon density increases from young to near mature forests, and then gradually decreases thereafter. Young and middle-aged forests account for 75% of the total forest area in Anhui Province, with potentially an additional 125.4 Tg C to be gained after the young and middle-aged forests reach near mature stage. Results of BIOME4 simulations show that potentially an additional 245.7 Tg C, including 153.7 Tg C in vegetation and 92 Tg C in soil, could be gained if the current forests are transformed into climax forest ecosystems in Anhui Province.     

Soil carbon storage and its determinants in the forests of Shaanxi Province,China

Aims The bank of soil carbon of forests plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Our aim is to understand the characteristics of soil carbon storage and its determinants in the forests in Shaanxi Province.Methods The data of forest inventory in 2009 and resampling in 2011 were used to analyze the characteristics of soil carbon storage and its determinants in the forest soil in Shaanxi Province.Important findings The soil carbon storage in the forests in Shaanxi Province was 579.68 Tg. Soil carbon storage of Softwood and Hardwood forests were the highest among all forest types, accounting for 36.35% of the whole province forest soil carbon storage. The forest soil carbon storage was 4.15 times greater in the natural forest (467.17 Tg) than that in the plantations. The young and middle-aged forests were the main contributors to the total carbon storage across all age groups, accounting for about 57.30% of the total forest soil carbon storage. The average soil carbon density of forests in Shaanxi Province was 90.68 t∙hm^-2, in which the soil carbon density of Betula forests was the highest (141.74 t∙hm^-2). Soil carbon density of different forest types were gradually decreased with soil depth. In addition, it was highest in middle-aged forest. Soil carbon density was higher in the natural forest ecosystems than that in the plantations within the each age group, indicating natural forest ecosystems have higher capacity of carbon sequestration. Differences in the spatial patterns between carbon storage and density indicated that carbon storage was related to forest coverage. The soil carbon density and storage of forests in Yulin were the lowest across the province. This suggests that, in order to enhance the regional carbon sequestration capacity in this region, we need to appropriately strengthen artificial afforestation activities and manage them scientifically and rationally. The soil carbon density of forests in Shaanxi Province decreased with the increase of longitude, latitude, and annual temperature, but increased with the increase of altitude and annual rainfall. This study provides data basis for provincial estimation of forest soil carbon bank in China.     

Analysis on carbon stock distribution patterns of forest ecosystems in Shaanxi Province

 为明晰陕西省森林生态系统碳储量分布格局, 基于2009年森林资源清查资料和2011年调查所得样地实测数据, 对陕西省森林生态系统碳储量、碳密度及其空间分布特征进行了研究分析。结果表明: 陕西省森林生态系统总碳储量为790.75 Tg, 土壤层、植被层和枯落物层碳储量分别占总碳储量的72.14%、26.52%和1.34%; 其中, 栎类碳储量在各森林类型中所占比重最大(44.17%), 中、幼龄林是陕西省森林生态系统碳储量的主要贡献者, 约占总碳储量的49%。陕西省森林生态系统平均碳密度为123.70 t·hm^–2, 土壤层最大, 枯落物层最小, 植被层居中; 碳密度均随龄级增加而升高, 同一龄级表现为天然林高于人工林生态系统。此外, 陕西省森林生态系统碳储量、碳密度分布格局不尽一致, 反映了森林覆盖面积及森林质量对碳储量的影响。未来应加强林地抚育管理水平, 增加造林再造林面积以增加碳储存, 应对全球气候变化。     

江西中南部红壤丘陵区主要造林树种碳固定估算

本文根据江西第6次森林清查小班数据,通过基于实地调查数据拟合的森林植被生物量与蓄积量的关系,估算了2003年江西中南部红壤丘陵区泰和县和兴国县主要人工造林树种马尾松、湿地松、杉木林的生物量和碳储量,并采用空间替代时间的方法,利用Logistic方程拟合了三个树种林龄与碳密度的曲线关系,估算了研究区1985-2002年的森林植被生物量和碳储量,分析了时空动态特征。结果表明：(1) 2003年研究区主要造林树种林分面积31.04?10⁴hm²,总生物量22.20Tg,总碳储量13.07TgC,平均碳密度42.36tC/hm²。(2) 1985、1994、2003年三个树种植被碳储量分别为4.91、11.41和13.07TgC,年均固碳量0.45 TgC.a^-1。(3) 海拔位于700-900m之间的树种平均碳密度最大,坡度位于25～35?之间的树种平均碳密度最大。森林植被碳密度总体上呈现随海拔高度的增加而增加,随坡度的增大而增大的分布。人工造林工程使江西中南部红壤丘陵区森林植被碳储量明显增加,合理的森林经营管理可以提高森林生态系统的固碳能力。