共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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不同记忆水平人像再认时的事件相关电位陈文明,杨文俊(空军广州医院神经科广州5106021)观察了在不同记忆水平人像再认时引出的事件相关电位(ERP)的差异。40名健康受试者事先默记一陌生人照片(下称识记照片)中人物之特征,另取一张事先未识记过的另一陌... 相似文献
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利用事件相关电位(ERP)技术,探讨非注意状态的刺激朝向改变是否引起自动加工。刺激为具有一定朝向(垂直和水平各50%)和一定空间频率(低频90%,高频10%)的光栅。要求被试忽略光栅朝向,对高频光栅作反应。刺激呈现时间为50ms,刺激间隔在250至450ms之间随机变化。低频光栅刺激被分为两类,“匹配”(与前一刺激朝向相同)和“失匹配”(与前一刺激朝向不同)。结果发现,失匹配刺激比匹配刺激诱发出更大的枕区P1、更大的前额-中央区N1以及更大的前部与顶区P2,但前部与顶区的N2却更小。这些ERPs变化提示,视觉对非注意的刺激朝向变化进行了一定程度的自动加工;视觉通道可能存在类似听觉失匹配负波(MMN)的、然而机制不同的自动加工成分 相似文献
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本研究以259名(男女大约各半)正常青少年为被试者,按年龄分成4组(9.8±0.7、12.0±0.7、14.1±0.8、17.1±0.8岁),测试了4种视觉记忆性作业工效。根据信号检测理论,对各组的正确反应(H)、正确否定(CR)、漏报(0M)、虚报(FA)、觉察力(A)及反应时(RT)等工效指标进行分析,并对H、CR、OM、FA4种情况下的脑电进行了累加、滤波、平滑及压缩处理,求出事件相关电位(ERPs)成分(N100、P200、N200、P300)的波幅和潜时。结果表明,在相同作业条件下,随年龄增长记忆工效(H、A)提高;RT缩短;P300潜时缩短。在同一组中,随记忆搜索负荷加大,工效(H、A)明显下降;RT延长;P300潜时延长。将上述各组工效与P300的基础数据综合分析,能有效地评价脑功能,适用于临床及工效学研究。 相似文献
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目的:探讨产后抑郁症与非产后抑郁症患者事件相关电位P300的差异,为产后抑郁症的预防提供参考指标。方法:选择2011年1月~2012年10月解放军第三医院精神科收治的35例产后抑郁症患者(产后组)和36例非产后抑郁症患者(非产后组)为研究对象,并检测其事件相关电位P300,并与36名健康志愿者(对照组)的结果进行比较。结果:(1)与对照组相比,产后组、非产后组P2、N2、P3潜伏期均显著延迟,P2、N2、P3波幅均明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)与产后组相比,非产后组P2、N2、P3潜伏期差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。P2、N2波幅均偏高,差异均有统计学意义(P2[(5.0±2.1)ms vs.(3.9±1.8)μV],N2[(3.2±1.7)μV vs.(2.1±1.0)μV],P0.05),P3波幅差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:产后与非产后抑郁症患者认知功能均受损,非产后抑郁患者受损程度大于产后抑郁患者;产后抑郁的外界感知能力和早期注意受损程度大于非产后抑郁患者。 相似文献
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本文首次以平均ERP和单次ERP小波变换系数相关性为基础,设计了小波时频滤波器,可以将单次事件关联电位的P3波从眼动、自发脑电等干扰中提取出来 相似文献
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目的:针对不同COMT基因型健康青年被试,进行连续3-back任务1h共12Block,探讨健康成人数字工作记忆能力变化情况。方法:将112名健康青年分组抽取出18名不同基因型作为被试,利用视觉事件相关电位P3来观测被试连续工作记忆任务中COMT基因多态型与脑皮层电生理的关系。结果:Val/Val基因型的被试P3波幅显著高于Val/Met基因型(P<0.01),但和Met/Met基因型被试的波幅无差异。结论:Val/Met基因型被试关联着最差的工作记忆任务的成绩,被试者的P3波幅和3-back任务成绩成正相关。 相似文献
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多通道时频域相干成分提取算法是针对低信噪比的宽频带信号提取问题提出的。它采用多通道同步观测,在各通道的观测数据中信号成分具有较高的相干性,而噪声的相干性较低,因此根据其相干性的高低差别即可将信号与噪声分离,提取有效信号。为实现信号与噪声的分离,首先应用小波包分解将信号在时频域展开,然后通过计算相干系数确定信号的时频分布,最终通过小波包重构将信号从噪声中分离出来。这一算法不需要信号的任何先验知识,收敛快,可以有效地提取宽频带信号,极大地提高信号的信噪比,对非重复性信号具有良好的捕捉能力.应用此算法成功地实现了视觉诱发电位的单次提取。 相似文献
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The investigation of weak (<500 microT), extremely low frequency (ELF, 0-300 Hz) magnetic field (MF) exposure upon human cognition and electrophysiology has yielded incomplete and contradictory evidence that MFs interact with human biology. This may be due to the small number of studies undertaken examining ELF MF effects upon the human electroencephalogram (EEG), and the associated analysis of evoked related potentials (ERPs). Relatively few studies have examined how MF exposure may affect cognitive and perceptual processing in human subjects. The introduction of this review considers some of the recent studies of ELF MF exposure upon the EEG, ERPs and cognitive and perceptual tasks. We also consider some of the confounding factors within current human MF studies and suggest some new strategies for further experimentation. 相似文献
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Mager R Stefani O Angehrn I Mueller-Spahn F Bekiaris E Wiederhold BK Sulzenbacher H Bullinger AH 《Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback》2005,30(3):233-238
In today’s society, there is an increasing number of workplaces in virtual environments (VE). But, there are only a few reports dealing with occupational health issues or age effects. The question arises how VR generally interferes with cognitive processes. This interference might have relevant implications for workability and work-efficiency in virtual environments. Event-related potentials are known to reflect different stages of stimulus reception, evaluation, and response. We have established an electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring, focussing on event-related potentials (N100; mismatch negativity, i.e., MMN) to obtain access to attention dependent and pre-attentive processing of sensory stimuli applied in VE. The MMN is known to be correlated with the ability of subjects to react to an unexpected event. The aim of the present study was to investigate cognitive responses to distracting auditory stimuli in two different age groups in a virtual environment (VE) and in a real environment (“real reality”), and to compare characteristic neurophysiological response patterns. Data show that stimulus detection as given by the N100 amplitude and latency does not differ in both age groups and task conditions. In contrast, the pre-attentive processing as given by the MMN is altered in the VR such as the non-VR condition in an age-related manner. A relevant finding of the present study was that the age related differences seen in the non-VR condition were not strengthened in VR. 相似文献
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研究自发脑电和思维活动的关系.利用小波和主分量分析结合的WPCA算法对不同思维任务记录的六导脑电进行处理,并对思维特征的频谱能量和变化率等多指标进行综合分析和计算。结果表明WPCA算法不仅可以实现噪声的去除,而且能提高主分量的贡献率,降低输入矢量的维数。对脑电主分量的分析揭示了脑电与思维个体、思维种类、复杂度以及注意力的联系,思维任务的神经网络分类结果验证了WPCA方法研究脑电和思维的有效性,为进一步理解认知和思维过程,实现对思维的定位和分类提供了依据。 相似文献
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《Journal of Physiology》2013,107(6):493-502
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to reduce acute substance craving in drug addicts, and improve cognition in neuropsychiatric patients. Here we aimed to explore further tDCS induced behavioral and neurophysiological modulation including assessment of relapse rate over a prolonged time course in alcoholism. We examined the effects of repeated anodal tDCS (2 mA, 35 cm2, 20 min) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on relapse to the use of alcohol in alcoholics from outpatient services, who received additional routine clinical treatment. Furthermore, event related potentials (ERPs), cognitive and frontal executive processes, craving, depressive and anxiety symptoms were obtained before and after treatment. From thirteen alcoholic subjects, seven were randomized to sham-tDCS and six to real tDCS treatment (once a week for five consecutive weeks). Depressive symptoms and craving were reduced to a larger extent in the tDCS group compared to the sham group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.015, respectively). On the other hand, active tDCS was able to block the increase in neural activation triggered by alcohol related and neutral cues in prefrontal cortex (PFC) as indexed by ERP as seen in the sham-tDCS group. Finally, there was a trend for increased change in executive function in the tDCS group compared to the sham-tDCS group (p = 0.082), and, similarly, a trend for more relapses in the tDCS group compared to sham tDCS (four alcoholic subjects (66.7%) vs. one (14.3%), p = 0.053).These results confirm the previous findings of tDCS effects on craving in alcoholism and also extend these findings as we showed also tDCS-related mood improvement. However, potential increase in relapse is possible; thus the clinical value of an increase in craving and improvement in depression and executive function needs to be carefully assessed in further studies; including investigation of optimal parameters of stimulation. 相似文献
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目的:观察老年人和年轻人的内源性注意行为学及事件相关电位(ERP)表现,探讨老龄化对内源性注意的影响及其机制。方法:参考Posner的经典的\"cue-target\"范式设计内源性注意任务,分别记录和分析年轻人和老年人行为学和事件相关电位波形P1、N1,比较老年人和年轻人在内源性注意任务中的不同表现。结果:在内源性注意条件下,年轻人的反应时明显短于老年人(P0.05),对于N1成分的波幅,年龄主效应显著(P0.05),年轻人较老年人诱发更大的N1波幅。对于N1成分的潜伏期,年龄主效应显著(P0.05),年轻人潜伏期明显短于老年人。结论:老龄化对内源性注意的早期阶段有影响,在提高老年人注意力时应当对注意的不同类型进行评估和分类以采取合适的治疗策略。 相似文献