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1.
采用纱布遮荫(覆以透明膜)和红色滤光膜处理人工种植生长3年和4年的高山红景天,观察了根生物量和红景天甙含量的季节变化结果表明,纱布遮荫处理(相对光强为全光照的51.8%)下根的生物量显著下降;红景天甙含量略有增加,红景天甙产量(红景天甙含量与根生物量乘积)则有所降低,但差异均不显著,红色滤光膜处理(相对光强为全光照的51.8%)与纱布遮荫处理相比,根生物量减少但不显著,红景天甙的含量和产量则显著增加,生长季末前者的红景天甙含量为后者的1.63倍(生长3年)和1.55倍(生长4年),红景天甙产量为后者的1.44倍(生长3年)和1.45倍(生长4年)。  相似文献   

2.
为探讨野外条件下光强及光质对高山红景天 (Rhodiola sachalinensis)生物量和红景天甙含量的影响 ,于 2 0 0 1年 5月 8日至 9月 16日在大兴安岭加格达奇的高山红景天种植圃地 ,利用纱布及红色、蓝色和绿色的滤光膜遮光处理 ,对生长 3a和 4 a的高山红景天进行了光强、光质控制实验。与温室实验类似 ,遮荫显著抑制高山红景天根的生长 ,并使红景天甙的含量略有提高。红膜处理使光强大约降低一半 ,但仅从光质的角度而言 ,红膜处理对根的生长影响不大 ,却显著增加了根中的红景天甙含量和产量 ,不过效果不如温室实验明显。绿膜处理未表现出对红景天甙积累的促进作用 ,这与温室实验结果不同。红膜处理不同天数的结果表明 ,处理时间对红景天甙含量提高的程度影响很小。这意味着在野外种植的情况下 ,可以在临近收获的最后一段时间用红膜对高山红景天进行处理 ,这样既可避免红膜处理对高山红景天根生长的抑制 (由于减弱了光照 ) ,又可显著提高根的红景天甙含量 ,从而达到大幅度提高红景天甙产量的目的。  相似文献   

3.
滤光膜对黄檗幼苗生物量及初级氮同化酶活性的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
李霞  阎秀峰  于涛 《应用生态学报》2006,17(11):2020-2023
以日光为对照,采用红色、黄色、蓝色和绿色4种滤光膜遮光处理温室栽培的黄檗幼苗100 d,测定了不同光环境下幼苗生物量、叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、硝酸还原酶(NR)活性及谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性的变化.结果表明,4种滤光膜处理均抑制黄檗幼苗的生长,黄檗幼苗的全株生物量与日光下的差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05).4种滤光膜对黄檗幼苗株高、茎径的影响与对全株生物量的影响相似;红膜和黄膜处理对黄檗幼苗根冠比影响不明显,蓝膜和绿膜处理明显抑制地下部分的生长(P<0.05);蓝膜、绿膜和红膜遮光的黄檗幼苗叶片叶绿素含量显著高于日光下的黄檗幼苗(P<0.05),以蓝膜处理最为突出;红膜处理增加了叶绿素a的比例,而蓝膜处理则使叶绿素a比例减少.经滤光膜遮光处理的黄檗幼苗可溶性蛋白含量均显著高于对照,且叶片NR和GS活性也显著高于日光下对照.  相似文献   

4.
氮素营养水平对高山红景天生长和红景天苷含量的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
在温室中采用砂培法以4种氮素营养水平(1.75、3.50、7.00和14.00mmol/L)培养移栽的高山红景天,50d后测定了生长状况和根的红景天苷含量。株高、全株生物量、地上部分生物量随氮水平的增加而增加,而根生物量、根冠比则随着氮水平的增加而降低。在氮水平为7mmol/L左右时,高山红景天根中红景天苷的含量和产量最高,而低氮水平和高氮水平均不利于红景天苷的积累。  相似文献   

5.
土壤水分对高山红景天生长和红景天甙含量的影响   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
温室中3种土壤水分条件(土壤相对含水量分别为35%~55%、55%~75%和75%~95%)下,以55%~75%土壤相对含水量上生长的高山红景天的株高、生物量、红景天甙含量和产量最高。  相似文献   

6.
李霞  阎秀峰 《生态学报》2009,29(3):1292-1299
以滤光膜遮光处理1年生黄檗(Phellodendron amuranse)幼苗,测定了幼苗生物量及根、茎外皮中的小檗碱、药根碱和掌叶防己碱含量.红色、黄色、蓝色和绿色滤光膜对黄檗幼苗的根和茎生物量都有不同程度的抑制作用,其中黄膜的抑制作用最小,而蓝膜和绿膜的抑制作用最强.滤光膜处理也不同程度地抑制了小檗碱、药根碱和掌叶防己碱的合成和积累,红膜的抑制作用最小,蓝膜和绿膜的抑制作用最强.滤光膜处理后,3种生物碱的单株产量都低于对照,红膜处理小檗碱的产量显著高于黄膜处理,但红膜和黄膜处理下的药根碱和掌叶防己碱的产量差异不显著,蓝膜和绿膜处理的3种生物碱的产量都始终最低.滤光膜处理不利于黄檗幼苗的生长和上述3种生物碱的积累.  相似文献   

7.
大海林地区不同生境高山红景天根部红景天甙含量的差异   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
在黑龙江省大海林地区海拔1400-1620m的高山上,依据高山红景天的生境于岳桦林内、高山草甸、苔原上选择了6个样地,测定了高山红景天根部的红景天甙含量。生境不同的高山红景天,根部红景天甙的含量有明显差异,红景天甙含量范围内0.101%-0.684%。从测定结果看,光照条件好、土壤肥沃的生境下高山红景天根部的红景天甙含量较高。  相似文献   

8.
采用高效毛细管电泳法对采集于两个野生产地不同居群和两个人工栽培地的高山红景天中红景天甙的含量进行了对比研究,实验结果表明,该方法高效,简便,灵敏,可靠;人工栽培高山红景天和自然生境下高山红景天中红景天甙含量有差异,不同天然居群高山红景天中红景天甙含量也有差异。  相似文献   

9.
采用高效毛细管电泳法对采集于两个野生产地不同居群和两个人工栽培地的高山红景天中红景天甙的含量进行了对比研究 ,实验结果表明 ,该方法高效、简便、灵敏、可靠 ;人工栽培高山红景天和自然生境下高山红景天中红景天甙含量有差异 ,不同天然居群高山红景天中红景天甙含量也有差异。  相似文献   

10.
高山红景天细胞悬浮培养中,通过降低培养基PH值能有效地诱导培养细胞中红景天甙的胞外释放。红景天甙的跨膜运输是一个有与H对运的动态过程,培养基PH值决定了红景天甙在胞内外含量的分布。细胞组织在PH值大于3的培养基中处理3h以内,对细胞活性的影响不大。将诱导释放处理过的细胞转入到新鲜的生产培养基中,细胞仍具有合成红景天甙的能力。  相似文献   

11.
Light consistently increased the pyrethrin content of pyrethrum shoot organ cultures. Under the experimental conditions used, the pyrethrin increase was not dependent upon a constant light supply.  相似文献   

12.
13.
《植物生态学报》2017,41(5):559
Aims To enhance the understanding on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) physiological responses to different light environments in shade-enduring plants and provide references to improve the stand structure and ecosystem functions of plantation forests.Methods We selected seedlings of five shade-enduring species with high ecological and economic value in subtropical area of China to study the effects of light intensity on leaf N and P contents, allocation and nutrient limitation in shade-enduring plants. A light intensity gradient of five different levels was set to simulate the varying understory light environment.Important findings With decreasing light intensity, the total biomass and total N and P accumulation of five shade-enduring plants all showed a decreasing trend, but N, P contents in different organs increased. Among them, Gardenia jasminoides (GJ) had the highest while Illicium henryi (IH) had the lowest N content; The P contents of Quercus phillyraeoides (QP) and GJ were significantly higher than Elaeocarpus sylvestris (ES), Ardisia crenata (AC) and IH. QP and GJ had the highest N, P contents under extremely low light intensity (6% natural light intensity) condition (LIC), while AC and IH had the highest N and P contents in low (15% natural light intensity) and moderate (33% and 52% natural light intensity) LIC. ES demanded differently for LIC on N and P, which were 52% and 6% natural light intensity, respectively. N and P allocation of ES, AC and IH followed leaf > root > stem, but for QP and GJ were root > leaf > stem. Decreasing LIC significantly affected N and P allocation. N content variations shown good consistency among different organs under higher LIC (100% natural light intensity) while distinct variability under lower LIC (15% and 6% natural light intensity) in all five species. Phosphorus contents exhibited good consistency in IH, QP and GJ but varied in ES and AC. Decreasing LIC significantly affected organ N/P ratios of shade-enduring plants, but the fundamental growth restriction patterns remained. Light intensity variation and tree species co-regulated N, P utilization and allocation in shade-enduring plants, and then affected the total biomass and total N, P accumulation, which might result from the change of N and P utilization strategy. Therefore, light intensity preference and N, P nutrient balances in shade-enduring plants should be taken into account when constructing multiple layer and uneven-aged forests.  相似文献   

14.
The aim of this work was to study the impact of light applied during preharvest culture on the subsequent senescence of cut rose flower and to analyse the possible involvement of abscisic acid (ABA). The longevity of cut rose flowers was longer when rose plants were previously grown under high pressure sodium lamps than under metal halide lamps. A change in light source did not lead to a change in leaf ABA content but significantly affected the petal ABA content. The relationship between ABA level and flower longevity, previously reported for differences of genetic origin, was again observed for culture-induced differences: the higher the ABA level at harvest, the shorter the vase-life observed.  相似文献   

15.
人参叶片和根部硝酸还原酶(NR)活性在花前期最高,以后逐渐下降,叶片的NR活性显著高于根中;人参叶片中可溶性蛋白和总蛋白氮含量在花前期最高,以后随着生育期进程而下降,但根部的却随着生育进程而增加到成熟期的最高值.单光质膜下生长的人参叶和根的NR活性,可溶性蛋白和总蛋白氮含量均以蓝光膜下最高,红光、绿光膜下的较低,在红光膜或红、绿组合先膜中增加蓝光成份可提高NR活性及蛋白含量.结果表明:在人参栽培中,增加蓝光成份有利于氮代谢.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract: We investigated biomass investment in support and assimilative leaf biomass in Fagus orientalis Lipsky and F. sylvatica L., and foliar biomechanical characteristics in F. orientalis to gain mechanistic insight into the determinants of leaf inclination in Fagus along the canopy light gradient. Because the leaf laminas of Fagus are elliptical, with petioles comprising only ca. 8 % of total leaf length, a leaf was approximated as a continuous sine load. Lamina load increased with increasing seasonal integrated quantum flux density in the canopy (Qint), but leaf length was independent of irradiance. Despite greater load, leaf deflection under leaf own weight was lower for leaves at higher Qint, indicating that foliage flexural stiffness (EI), that is a variable characterizing the resistance of beam‐like structures to bending, scaled positively with irradiance. The components of EI ‐ the leaf apparent Young's modulus of elasticity (E), which is a measure of leaf material properties, and lamina second moment of area (I), which characterizes the distribution of mass around the axis of bending ‐ were also related to irradiance, with E decreasing, but I increasing with Qint. The positive scaling of I with Qint was associated with increases in leaf thickness and, in particular, with increases in the degree of leaf rolling, allowing the distribution of leaf mass further away from the neutral axis. Decreases in E were correlated with decreased leaf biomass investments in the midrib at higher irradiance. Both lamina and midrib nitrogen concentrations decreased with increasing Qint, suggesting that foliage dry mass based physiological activity was lower at higher irradiance, possibly because of an interaction of Qint with water stress in the canopy. Given that the veins also provide a pathway for water and nutrient transport to the leaf cells, as well as for carbon translocation from the leaf, lower leaf physiological activity in high light may provide an explanation for the lower biomass investment in major veins in high light. We conclude that foliage biomechanical characteristics and leaf inclination in the canopy are significantly affected by irradiance, and that the light effects may be modified by the reverse correlation between light and water availabilities in the canopy.  相似文献   

17.
为了探索番茄幼苗生长发育对红蓝组合光的响应机制,本试验采用发光二极管(LED)精量调制光源,以番茄品种‘SV0313TG’为试材,设红光(R)、蓝光(B)和红蓝组合光(9R1B、6R1B、3R1B、1R1B、1R3B)7个处理,以白光为对照,研究不同比例红蓝光质对番茄幼苗生长、光合色素含量、光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数及根系活力的影响.结果表明:不同比例红蓝光质处理对番茄幼苗生长的影响具有明显差异.红光显著促进幼苗株高增加,比叶面积增大,胞间CO2浓度提高,但PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPS)降低,根系生长受阻,根系活力下降,壮苗指数降低;蓝光下幼苗生长受到明显抑制,叶绿素含量降低,但叶绿素a/b 值升高;红蓝组合光有利于番茄幼苗的生长发育,3R1B处理下植株干物质量、叶绿素含量和光合性能均显著提高,幼苗生长健壮,壮苗指数最大.综上,红蓝组合光能够增加番茄幼苗叶片光合色素含量,提高光合效率,促进植株生长,尤以3R1B处理最佳.  相似文献   

18.
试验采用人工控制土壤水分的方法, 测定不同土壤含水量条件及有效辐射强度下沙地柏苗木的蒸腾速率、净光合速率、水分利用效率等指标, 分析沙地柏在不同土壤含水量和光照条件下影响的光合生理响应特征及其变化规律。土壤含水量(SWC)用称重法测定, 将硬塑盆中的土壤水分含量设置为7.5%,10%,12.5%,15%,17.5%, 20% 等6个不同的处理, 每天进行称重, 瞬时土壤水分含量用TDR100土壤水分测速仪(上海赛弗生物公司)测定, 用Li-6400光合测定仪(美国LI-COR公司)测定沙地柏在不同土壤水分条件下光合生理指标。研究表明沙地柏的蒸腾速率、净光合速率均随着土壤含水量的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势。光合有效辐射在400-2000 μmol·m-2·s-1 范围内, 沙地柏的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用率均呈现最高值。土壤水分含量在18.71%, 17.99%和12.44% 时, 沙地柏的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用率达到最高值。土壤含水量12.44%-18.71% 是沙地柏生长最适宜的土壤水分区间。在实践中利用沙地柏最适宜的土壤水分区间对沙地柏的栽植和生长可以进行有效地指导。  相似文献   

19.
不同光强下红松幼树光合作用和营养物质含量的季节模式   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
一、前言原始红松林下幼树生长缓慢,死亡率高,若干文献通过与桦木林光照和水热条件的对比观察,认为光是影响生长的主要原因。但同时也发现,在植物一切代谢活动最旺盛的生长季(6—9月),上述二种林下的光强(lx)  相似文献   

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