共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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脱落酸与植物细胞的抗氧化防护 总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29
水分胁迫是一种影响植物生长发育、限制植物产量的重要胁迫因子。植物能够通过感知刺激、产生和传导信号、启动各种防护机制来响应与适应水分胁迫。植物激素脱落酸(ABA)作为一种胁迫信号,在调节植物对水分胁迫的反应中起着重要的作用。ABA不仅能诱导气孔关闭,而且能诱导编码耐脱水蛋白的基因表达。正在增加的证据显示,ABA增强水分胁迫的耐性与其诱导抗氧化防护系统有关。本文综述了ABA在诱导活性氧(ROS)产生、调节抗氧化酶基因表达以及增强抗氧化防护系统方面的作用,着重讨论了在ABA诱导的抗氧化防护过程中Ca2 、NADPH氧化酶与ROS之间的交谈机制。 相似文献
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MAPK和脱落酸信号传导 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
ABA在调节种子发育、参与对逆境胁迫的反应中发挥重要作用,使其成为当今研究热点,特别是对ABA与MAPK相互关系的研究。本文就ABA生物学功能及其与MAPK的关系、ABA信号传导级联分子组成、ABA信号传导中的磷酸化、MAPK与ABA信号传导等方面的最新进展予以综述,以对ABA所发挥重要作用的分子机制有深入的认识。 相似文献
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植物抗氧化动态平衡研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
植物在生长发育的过程中会产生代谢副产物活性氧,其含量在植物生长过程中起双重作用。适量的活性氧可提高植物对逆境胁迫的耐受性,但是过量的活性氧会诱发氧化猝发反应,严重影响植物的生长发育。因此,提高植物的抗氧化能力对于提高植物的抗逆能力来说显得尤为重要,该方面的研究也成为近年来逆境生物学的一大热点。植物体为了应对逆境环境造成的活性氧动态失衡,进化出了含酶和非酶组分的抗氧化系统。本文主要介绍了参与高等植物活性氧代谢的相关物质,对近年来国内外报道的代谢途径进行了综述,为提高植物的抗逆能力提供参考依据。 相似文献
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对脱落酸信号传导的研究主要集中在种子成熟和休眠和气孔的运动上。研究者对脱落酸受体上作了大量的工作,但很长时间来仍没有发现脱落酸受体基因。最近,脱落酸受体的研究有了重大突破。研究者在拟南芥中发现FCA和CHLH两个脱落酸受体基因。 相似文献
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水分亏缺诱导的氧化胁迫和植物的抗氧化作用 总被引:150,自引:0,他引:150
简要介绍了水分胁迫下植物体内O2、H2O2、OH及1O2等活性氧的产生及其检测方法,评述了水分胁迫下植物内源抗氧化系统的作用,并对有关方面的研究作了展望。 相似文献
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对3种荒漠植物沙拐枣、梭梭和沙枣在干旱胁迫下的抗氧化能力进行了比较研究。结果表明,3种荒漠植物长期处于干旱生境下,都受到不同程度的膜脂过氧化,其中,沙枣的膜脂过氧化程度大于梭梭和沙拐枣。在1d的变化中,随着水势的下降,上午10:00前3种植物体内MDA含量都表现为上升趋势,此后梭梭和沙拐枣体内MDA含量表现为持续下降,到下午18:00达到最低,说明尽管水分胁迫在加强,它们却表现出极强的抗氧化胁迫能力;而沙枣体内MDA含量在下午18:00又开始上升,表明沙枣表现出一定的调节能力,但其能力有限,低于梭梭和沙拐枣。3种植物对干旱胁迫的应激方式不同;沙拐枣体内的SOD活性和ASA含量明显高于梭梭和沙枣,这与其体内相对较低的O2含量具有很好的一致性;对于植物体内H2O2的清除,抗氧化酶系统对沙拐枣体内的H2O2的清除起了一定的作用,但不是主要的,抗氧化剂GSH起主要作用,而梭梭体内南抗氧化酶系统中的CAT起主要作用,抗氧化剂起辅助作用;沙枣体内的AsA-POD起主要作用,其它的抗氧化酶和氧化剂起辅助作用。同时,植物体内还保持管各种酶的平衡。 相似文献
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely recognized as important regulators of stomatal aperture and plant gas exchange. The pathways through which stomata perceive ROS share many common linkages with the well characterized signalling pathway for the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), a major driver of stomatal closure. Given reports that ABA receptor mutants have no stomatal response to ozone‐triggered ROS production, as well as evidence that all steps in the ABA biosynthetic pathway can be non‐enzymatically converted by ROS, here we investigated the possibility that ozone closes stomata by directly converting ABA precursors to ABA. In plants where stomata were responsive to ozone, we found that foliar ABA levels rapidly increased upon exposure to ozone. Recovery of gas exchange post‐exposure occurred only when ABA levels declined. Our data suggest that stomatal closure in response to ozone exposure occurs as a result of direct oxidation of ABA precursors leading to ABA production, but the importance of this ROS interaction remains uncertain under normal photosynthetic conditions. 相似文献
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Graeber K Nakabayashi K Miatton E Leubner-Metzger G Soppe WJ 《Plant, cell & environment》2012,35(10):1769-1786
Seed dormancy is an important component of plant fitness that causes a delay of germination until the arrival of a favourable growth season. Dormancy is a complex trait that is determined by genetic factors with a substantial environmental influence. Several of the tissues comprising a seed contribute to its final dormancy level. The roles of the plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellin in the regulation of dormancy and germination have long been recognized. The last decade saw the identification of several additional factors that influence dormancy including dormancy-specific genes, chromatin factors and non-enzymatic processes. This review gives an overview of our present understanding of the mechanisms that control seed dormancy at the molecular level, with an emphasis on new insights. The various regulators that are involved in the induction and release of dormancy, the influence of environmental factors and the conservation of seed dormancy mechanisms between plant species are discussed. Finally, expected future directions in seed dormancy research are considered. 相似文献
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保卫细胞的ABA信号转导 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
植物激素脱落酸(ABA)调节植物体多种生理过程,尤其在一些逆境条件下,植物体中ABA大量合成,诱导气孔关闭,从而有效地调控植物体内的水分平衡.尽管人们对ABA诱导气孔关闭作用已得到共识,但有关信号转导的细节还很不清楚.该文简要介绍了研究气孔保卫细胞信号转导途径的相关技术以及与ABA信号转导直接相关的ABA受体、第二信使、蛋白质磷酸化和离子通道调节等方面的最新妍究进展.并在前人研究工作的基础上,勾画出气孔保卫细胞ABA、H2O2的信号转导模式图. 相似文献
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Jian-Fang HU Gui-Fen LI Zhi-Hui GAO Lin CHEN Hui-Bo REN Wen-Suo JIA 《植物学报(英文版)》2005,47(11):1335-1344
Water deficit-induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation is one of the most important stress signaling pathways in plant cells. Redox regulation of cellular signaling has currently attracted particular attention, but much less is known about its roles and mechanisms in plant signaling. Herein, we report that water deficit-induced ABA accumulation could be regulated by ascorbic acid (AA)-controlled redox status in leave apoplast. The AA content in non-stressed leaves was approximately 3 umol/g FW, corresponding to a mean concentration of 3 mmol/L in a whole cell. Because AA is mainly localized in the cytosol and chloroplasts, the volume of which is much smaller than that of the whole cell, AA content in cytosolic and chloroplast compartments should be much higher than 3 mmol/L. Water deficit-induced ABA accumulation in both leaf and root tissues of maize seedlings was significantly inhibited by AA and reduced glutathione (GSH) at concentrations of 500 umol/L and was completely blocked by 50 mmol/L AA and GSH. These results suggest that the AA-induced inhibition of ABA accumulation should not occur at sites where AA exists in high concentrations. Although water deficit led to a small increase in the dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content, no significant changes in AA content were observed in either leaf or root tissues. When compared with the whole leaf cell, the AA content in the apoplastic compartment was much lower (i.e. approximately 70 nmol/g FW, corresponding to 0.7 mmol/L). Water deficit induced a significant decrease (approximately 2.5-fold) in the AA content and an increase (approximately 3.4-fold) in the DHA content in the apoplastic compartment, thus leading to a considerably decreased redox status there, which may have contributed to the relief of AA-induced inhibition of ABA accumulation, alternatively, promoting water deficit-induced ABA accumulation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) could not mimic water deficit in inducing ABA accumulation, suggesting that the inhibition of ABA accumulation by AA or GSH was not related to their ROS-scavenging ability. The results of the present study suggest that the redox status in the apoplastic compartment, as determined by AA and DHA, may play a vital role in the regulation of the signaling process for water deficit-induced ABA accumulation. 相似文献
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Kaili Xie Lulu Li Hehong Zhang Rong Wang Xiaoxiang Tan Yuqing He Gaojie Hong Junmin Li Feng Ming Xuefeng Yao Fei Yan Zongtao Sun Jianping Chen 《Plant, cell & environment》2018,41(10):2504-2514
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a multifaceted role in plant immunity and can either increase resistance or increase susceptibility to some bacterial and fungal pathogens depending on the pathosystem. ABA is also known to mediate plant defence to some viruses. In this study, the relationship between the ABA pathway and rice black‐streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) was investigated in rice. The expression of ABA pathway genes was significantly reduced upon RBSDV infection. Application of exogenous hormones and various ABA pathway mutants revealed that the ABA pathway plays a negative role in rice defence against RBSDV. Exogenous hormone treatment and virus inoculation showed that ABA inhibits the jasmonate‐mediated resistance to RBSDV. ABA treatment also suppressed accumulation of reactive oxygen species by inducing the expression of superoxidase dismutases and catalases. Thus, ABA modulates the rice–RBSDV interaction by suppressing the jasmonate pathway and regulating reactive oxygen species levels. This is the first example of ABA increasing susceptibility to a plant virus. 相似文献
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从水分胁迫的识别到ABA积累的细胞信号转导 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
由于植物在生长和发育过程中不可避免地要遭受各种环境胁迫的影响 ,植物只有通过对环境胁迫的快速感知和主动反应才得以生存和发展。植物这种对环境胁迫的快速感知和主动反应体现在环境胁迫下植物可以通过一系列基因的表达调控来实现各种抗逆的生理生化反应。虽然得以鉴定的水分胁迫应答基因越来越多 ,但其中只有极少的基因在抗逆中的基本功能已得到初步认识。从细胞对水分胁迫原初信号的感知到基因表达调控包括了一系列复杂的细胞逆境信息传递过程。脱落酸 (abscisicacid ,ABA)作为重要的细胞逆境信号物质介导了一系列基因表达 ,因此从细胞对水分胁迫原初信号的感知到编码ABA生物合成关键酶基因的表达是一条最为关键的细胞逆境信息传递途径。逆境应答基因功能的鉴定以及对整个细胞信号传递过程中详尽的分子机制的了解无疑是今后最有趣的也是最为重要的研究课题。 相似文献
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由于植物在生长和发育过程中不可避免地要遭受各种环境胁迫的影响,植物只有通过对环境胁迫的快速感知和主动反应才得以生存和发展.植物这种对环境胁迫的快速感知和主动反应体现在环境胁迫下植物可以通过一系列基因的表达调控来实现各种抗逆的生理生化反应.虽然得以鉴定的水分胁迫应答基因越来越多,但其中只有极少的基因在抗逆中的基本功能已得到初步认识.从细胞对水分胁迫原初信号的感知到基因表达调控包括了一系列复杂的细胞逆境信息传递过程.脱落酸(abscisic acid, ABA)作为重要的细胞逆境信号物质介导了一系列基因表达,因此从细胞对水分胁迫原初信号的感知到编码ABA生物合成关键酶基因的表达是一条最为关键的细胞逆境信息传递途径.逆境应答基因功能的鉴定以及对整个细胞信号传递过程中详尽的分子机制的了解无疑是今后最有趣的也是最为重要的研究课题. 相似文献
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The signal interactions between calcium (Ca2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) originated from plasma membrane NADPH oxidase in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced antioxidant defence were investigated in leaves of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Treatment with ABA led to significant increases in the activity of plasma membrane NADPH oxidase, the production of leaf O2-, and the activities of several antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR). However, such increases were blocked by the pretreatment with Ca2+ chelator EGTA or Ca2+ channel blockers La3+ and verapamil, and NADPH oxidase inhibitors such as diphenylene iodonium (DPI), imidazole and pyridine. Treatment with Ca2+ also significantly induced the increases in NADPH oxidase activity, O2- production and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the increases were arrested by pretreatment with the NADPH oxidase inhibitors. Treatment with oxidative stress induced by paraquat, which generates O2-, led to the induction of antioxidant defence enzymes, and the up-regulation was suppressed by the pretreatment of Ca2+ chelator and Ca2+ channel blockers. Our data suggest that a cross-talk between Ca2+ and ROS originated from plasma membrane-bound NADPH oxidase is involved in the ABA signal transduction pathway leading to the induction of antioxidant enzyme activity, and Ca2+ functions upstream as well as downstream of ROS production in the signal transduction event in plants. 相似文献