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应用扫描电镜对华鲮Sinilabeor rendahli鳃耙、鳃弓、鳃丝和鳃小片的形态结构进行了观察.鳃耙和鳃弓表面凹凸不平,分布着大量丘突.鳃丝和鳃耙表面有大量粘液细胞分布,鳃丝上皮细胞表面密布微嵴,氯细胞附着在鳃丝表面和鳃小片侧表面.鳃小片薄、表面凹凸不平,垂直排列在鳃丝上.鳃丝和鳃小片的表面形态结构特征有助于提高鱼鳃的气体交换效率. 相似文献
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华鲮泌尿系统组织学的初步观察 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
2004年3月至9月采用常规组织学方法对华鲮泌尿系统作了研究,结果表明:华鲮泌尿系统包括中肾、输尿管、膀胱。中肾由肾小体和肾小管组成,无皮质、髓质之分,有肾小体聚集现象;肾小管可分为颈段、第一近曲小管、第二近曲小管、远曲小管、集合管。肾中散布有大量淋巴髓样组织,还有甲状腺滤泡和斯坦尼氏小体,显然华鲮的肾脏是一个具有多种生理功能的复合器官。输尿管位于两肾叶腹侧,其上皮为似复层,缺黏膜下层,无纵肌,外膜甚薄。左右输尿管在后端合并,稍微扩大,形成膀胱,膀胱内壁具有发达的绒毛,绒毛表面为变移上皮。 相似文献
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KuldeepK.LAL RajeevK.SINGH VindhyaMOHINDRA AnupMANDAL PeyushPUNIA B.N.MISHRA W.S.LAKRA 《动物学报》2007,53(4):73-776
利用鉴别性的同工酶位点从印度恒河水系的支流Banganga中检测到了蓝黑鲮(Labeo calbasu)与南亚黑鲮(Labeorohita)的一个杂交个体。线粒体DNA的单倍型模式进一步确认这个杂交个体的母本是河蓝黑鲮。 相似文献
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4种香薷的花粉和果实形态扫描电镜比较观察 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
4种香薷的花粉和果实形态扫描电镜比较观察胡珊梅范崔生(厦门市药品检验所厦门361012)(江西中医学院药学系南昌330006)关键词香薷;江香薷;花粉;果实;扫描电镜THESCANNINGELECTRONMICROSCOPEOFPOLLENANDFR... 相似文献
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蜱类染色体的分带研究和扫描电镜观察 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在蜱螨亚纲(Acari)中,首先开展染色体分带研究及组型分析,发现了3种蜱的内多倍体,C分带证明,森林革蜱,草原革蜱,微小牛蜱的全套染色体国端丝粒,用扫描电镜观察了日本血蜱,微小牛蜱染色体的亚微结构,发现日本血蜱的染色体呈凹凸相同弹簧样螺旋结构,螺旋凹陷处相当于光镜下G带深带,螺旋隆起部相当于G带浅带,凹凸程度似乎不加入人类染色体的明显,还报告了草原革蜱,银盾革蜱,缺角血蜱及雌性森林革蜱,雌性日本 相似文献
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蚂蚁触角感受器和复眼的扫描电镜观察 总被引:3,自引:5,他引:3
本文应用扫描电镜对蚂蚁(日本木工蚁、黄墩蚁、黑腹臭蚁和路舍蚁)的触角感受器和复眼进行了观察,发现触角上有6种感受器:毛形感受器、刺形感受器、栓锥感受器、Bohm’s鬃毛、坛形感受器和钟形感受器;复眼由数量不等的小眼组成。对于结构和功能的关系进行了讨论。 相似文献
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鲮鱼的微卫星位点筛选和群体遗传多样性初步分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用鲤科鱼类微卫星引物在鲮鱼中进行扩增,结果在24对引物中,13对引物能成功扩增,且在鲮鱼中的扩增产物表现稳定,其中11对有较高多态性,等位基因数在2—7个之间,扩增的条带符合孟德尔遗传规律。随后利用筛选的微卫星座位对鲮鱼野生和养殖群体遗传多样性进行了初步分析。分析结果显示鲮鱼野生群体的平均等位基因数5.2个;观测杂合度在0.25与0.8之间,平均观测杂合度(Ho)是0.61±0.2 ,平均期望杂合度(He)是0.8±0.09 ;群体座位平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.72±0.1。相比之下,养殖群体的平均观测杂合度(Ho)和平均期望杂合度(He)都低于野生群体,分别是0.59±0.2、0.75±0.1。两群体间的遗传相似度为0.7774、遗传距离为0.2518。研究表明用其他鱼类分离出的微卫星引物可以快速筛选到适用于鲮鱼遗传分析的微卫星座位。 相似文献
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Azra Bozcaarmutlu Sema Turna Canan Sapmaz Emel Arinc Serpil Yenisoy‐Karakaş 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2014,28(6):271-280
The primary objective of this study was to determine specific cytochrome P450 isozyme(s) involved in the metabolism of aldrin to its toxic metabolite dieldrin in flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) liver microsomes. To identify the cytochrome P450 isozyme responsible for the aldrin metabolism in mullet liver, the effects of mammalian‐specific cytochrome P450 inhibitors and substrates were determined in the epoxidation reaction of aldrin. CYP3A‐related inhibitors, ketoconazole, SKF‐525A, and cimetidine, inhibited the metabolism of aldrin. The contribution of CYP1A to the aldrin metabolism was shown by the inhibition of 7‐ethoxyresorufin‐O‐deethylase activity in the presence of aldrin. The results indicate that CY1A and CYP3A are the cytochrome P450s involved in aldrin epoxidase activity in mullet. In addition, the suitability of aldrin epoxidase activity for monitoring of environmental pollution was also assessed in the fish samples caught from four different locations of the West Black Sea coast of Turkey. 相似文献
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广东贺江水域野生鲮鱼体表寄生虫典型海弯水虱的种群动态 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,广东贺江暴发了由等足类寄生虫引起的严重的鱼类外寄生虫病,给当地网箱养殖和野生鱼类资源造成了严重危害.根据虫体的口器、触角、腹肢等形态学特征将其鉴定为等足目(Isopoda)、扇肢亚目(Flabellifera)、纺锤水虱科(Aegid ae)、海弯水虱属(Alitropus)的典型海弯水虱(Alitropus typus).为了弄清典型海弯水虱对贺江内野生鱼类资源的危害及其种群季节动态变化规律,作者从2006年5月份到2 007年4月份,用刺网定时定点捕获野生鲮鱼(Cirrhina molitorella),检查典型海弯水虱的寄生状况.结果发现:典型海弯水虱对鲮鱼的感染率、感染强度和平均密度均从20 06年5月份开始上升,至7月份达到高峰,然后逐渐下降,于次年的2月份达到最低点,从3月份开始有所回升.典型海弯水虱种群在不同月份及不同体长鲮鱼中均为聚集性分布,且聚集强度随着平均密度的增加而增加.典型海弯水虱种群在鲮鱼中的感染参数与水温呈显著的正相关,而与宿主的体长无明显的相关性.周年种群结构动态变化分析表明: 典型海弯水虱 1年只繁殖1次,繁殖受水温的影响,6、7月份是其繁殖高峰期 [动物学报 5 4(3):407-415,2008]. 相似文献
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鲻鱼甲状腺免疫组织化学与超微结构 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用组织学、免疫组织化学和电镜技术对鲻鱼甲状腺的分布与形态结构进行研究。结果表明,鲻鱼甲状腺滤泡分散地分布在第1对至第3对鲻弓的入鳃动脉之间;构成同一滤泡的单层上皮细胞呈扁平形和立方形两种形态,反映出同一滤泡中上皮细胞生理活动的不同步,且发现不同发育时期的鲻鱼这两种形态细胞的比例有显著差异。用特异性甲状腺球蛋白(TG)抗体对甲状腺滤泡的免疫染色反应显示,阳性物质分布在滤泡上皮细胞的脑膜及围绕滤泡腔的周边与中央胶质,幼年与成年鲻鱼甲状腺滤泡的免疫阳性反应部位有所不同。两种不同活动状态的细胞,扁平形细胞和立方形细胞,在核与胞质的超微结构上有显著不同。扁平形细胞的核为扁平形或椭圆形,核内常染色质十分丰富,核膜光滑,核周腔和核孔没有扩张,胞质中各种细胞器发育较差;立方形细胞的核膜高度凹陷,将核分为2叶至3叶,核周腔和核孔扩张,胞质中各种细胞器发育良好,出现长棒形和哑铃形线粒体,且数量明显多于扁平形细胞,多层粗面内质网呈板层状排列,还有发育好的高尔基复合体。另外,我们还观察到一种介于扁平形细胞和立方形细胞之间的中间型细胞,其胞质和核的发育明显好于扁平形细胞,但比立方形细胞差。上述结果可为了解鲻鱼甲状腺滤泡细胞分泌活动的机制提供基础资料[动物学报49(2):230—237,2003]。 相似文献
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实验用鱼为全长35.5~40.0 cm的野生鲻(Mugil cephalus),采用石蜡切片以及透射电镜技术对鲻的嗅囊以及嗅板细胞进行观察。结果表明:鲻的嗅觉器官由左右两个呈扁平椭球形嗅囊构成,分别由前后两个鼻孔与外界相通。嗅囊长径与眼径之比为0.80,长径与短径之比为2.09。嗅囊的嗅轴左右两边分别有垂直于嗅轴并向上倾斜排列整齐的18~25个披针形嗅板,只有初级嗅板未见次级嗅板。嗅板由中央髓和两侧的嗅上皮两部分构成,中央髓由疏松的结缔组织和毛细血管组成。嗅上皮又分为感觉区和非感觉区,感觉区位于嗅板的内侧,具有发达纤毛,呈连续分布状态,非感觉区位于嗅板边缘,细胞纤毛较少。通过光镜和电镜的综合研究结果显示嗅上皮细胞大致可分为5类:基细胞、支持细胞、纤毛非感觉细胞、纤毛感觉细胞和柱状细胞。文章讨论了鲻的感官活动类型。 相似文献
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Summary Both primary and secondary (tongue) bars of the pharyngeal gill basket are covered by epithelial cells that are continuous with the cells that line the atrium. Anterior and posterior faces of the gill bars are covered with lateral ciliated cells, which possess a single cilium, ringed by microvilli, and an elaborate basal mitochondria-rootlet apparatus. Pharyngeal faces of the gill bars are covered with ciliated pharyngeal cells, atrial faces by mucus secreting atrial cells. The surface epithelium rests on a stromal septum, a flattened tube of basal lamina which dilates to form the visceral blood vessel (along the pharyngeal face) and skeletal blood vessel (along the atrial face). This basal lamina surrounds paired skeletal rods which run through the longitudinal axis of the gill bars near the atrial face. Between the skeletal rods and atrial cells of primary gill bars is a coelomic channel lined by epithelioid coelomic cells. Neuronal processes, some with neurosecretory granules, are located among the bases of the atrial cells. Some axons may contact lateral ciliated cells where the latter meet atrial cells, but synaptoid endings have not been found here or elsewhere in the gill bars. Nervous tissue has not been identified among lateral ciliated cells even though ciliary activity of these cells is supposedly regulated by atrial nervous tissue.Supported by a Cottrell College Science Program Grant from Research Corporation. We thank Nancy Kelly and Gerhard Ott for excellent technical assistance and are grateful for the facilities provided by the Department of Zoology and Seaver Science Center, Pomona College. 相似文献
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Summary Quantified ultrastructural observations of the pars intermedia (PI) of the murine hypophysis enable evaluation and kinetic study of relatively fine secretory changes in the gland. Changes in volume of rER and newly formed dense secretory granules (Golgi granules) appear to best translate functional variations in the PI, as shown by the morphological effects of drugs affecting the dopaminergic control of the gland. Our morphometric results show that the PI is stimulated, but only briefly (no longer than 8–12 days), by both salt-loading and Na deprivation. However, the PI displays different secretory patterns in salt-loaded and Na-deprived mice; moreover, bromocriptine, which abolishes PI stimulation in Na-deprived mice, has only a slight inhibitory effect in salt-treated animals. Thus, it appears that the stimulation of the PI under both experimental conditions is triggered by different mechanisms. These results underline the plurifactorial control of the PI and show that the gland may have complex effects on hydromineral regulation. 相似文献
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Synopsis Oreochromis mossambicus, 92–170 mm total length, were acclimated to 25° C and rapidly subjected to cold stress (20, 15, 10 and 5°C). Morphological changes in gill epithelia and ultrastructure were examined using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Cold-stressed gills were unaffected morphologically at 20, 15, 10 and 5°C except for slight shrinkage; there was no evidence of cellular damage. This differs sharply with pronounced structural changes in gill morphology as reported previously for this species exposed to heat stress. Incapacitation of the neural system, inhibition of enzyme activity and osmoregulatory collapse are likely causes of death in cold-stressed O. mossambicus, a mode of death which contrasts with fishes exposed to heat shock. 相似文献