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1.
利用本实验室构建的转Ac(AcTPase)及Ds(Dissociation)的水稻(Oryza sativa L.)转化群体,配置了Ac×Ds的杂交组合354个.检测了转基因植株的T-DNA插入位点右侧旁邻序列,研究了Ac/Ds转座系统在水稻转化群体中的转座活性.结果表明,有些转化植株T-DNA插入位点相同或相距很近,插入位点互不相同的占65.4%.检测到T-DNA可插入到编码蛋白的基因中.在Ac×Ds的F2代中,Ds因子的转座频率为22.7%.对Ac×Ds杂交子代中Ds因子旁侧序列的分析,进一步表明了Ds因子在水稻基因组中的转座活性,除了从原插入位点解离并转座到新的位点之外,还有复制--转座和不完全切离等现象.获得的旁侧序列中,有些序列与GenBank中的数据没有同源性,目前有2个DNA片段在GenBank登录.探讨了构建转座子水稻突变体库进行水稻功能基因组学研究的策略.  相似文献   

2.
含Ds转座因子的T-DNA在水稻染色体上的分布研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
应用农杆菌介导的方法获得了有Ds因子插入的3000多株水稻转化群体, 用Inverse PCR方法, 从部分独立转化植株中分离了590条含Ds因子的T-DNA插入位点处的右侧旁邻水稻染色体序列. 根据旁邻序列中T-DNA右边界与侧翼水稻序列之间的插入序列的特征可分成6个主要类别, 其中类型Ⅰ是主要类型, 为通常的T-DNA整合, 即T-DNA右边界序列与水稻染色体序列相连, 或者其间插入小于50 bp的序列片段; 类型Ⅱ为T-DNA右边界旁先接T-DNA载体序列, 再与水稻序列相接的重组类型. 340个类型Ⅰ和Ⅱ的旁邻序列通过与已知的水稻染色体序列数据库一致性比较分析, 确定了它们在水稻染色体上的分布位置, 构建了一个Ds因子在水稻12条染色体插入的框架结构. 这340个有Ds因子插入的位点在整个染色体上平均相距0.8 Mb. 分析在第1条染色体上T-DNA(Ds)插入情况显示有21%的频率插入到预测基因的外显子中. T-DNA(Ds)在染色体上分布位置的确定, 使我们可以选择合适的Ds因子插入株作为起始株系, 导入Ac转座酶基因后, 使Ds发生转座, 从而获得新的Ds插入突变株, 为进一步利用Ds转座标签法分离水稻基因创造了条件.  相似文献   

3.
插入玉米Ds转座因子的水稻转化群体及其分子分析   总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6  
转座子标签法是一种利用转座因子插入高等植物基因组中造成基因突变,然后通过分离转座因子插入的旁邻顺序,进而克隆出突变基因的策略。这种策略在高等植物功能基因组学的研究中是十分有用的。为此目的,将玉米的Ds因子及bar基因连接至载体pCAMBIA1300的T-DNA区域中,构建成重组Ti质粒pDsBar1300。pDsBar1300中T-DNA区域中的潮霉素抗性基因可在转化过程中用作水稻转化植株的选择标记。插入在Ds因子中的bar基因可追踪转化后代的Ds因子。pDsBar1300通过根瘤农杆茵介导引入水稻品种中花11号的幼胚组织。从各转化愈伤组织中获得了1400株独立的Ds水稻转化植株。通过PPT抗性检测和PCR分析证明了水稻转化植株中Ds因子的整合。Southernblot分析了转化植株基因组中Ds因子的插入拷贝数,其中单拷贝插入比率约占70%。这些插有Ds因子的水稻转化植株,当引入自主型的Ac因子反式活化Ds因子后,可使Ds因子跳跃到不同位点上,就可得到更多的突变植株。  相似文献   

4.
用水稻愈伤组织比较了Ac启动子、35S启动子与Ubi启动子控制下Ac转座酶基因(Ts)的表达对Ds因子切离频率的影响。结果表明Ubi启动子与Ac转座酶编码区嵌合基因(Ubipro-Ts)反式激活Ds因子的切离频率最高,达到了72.9%。通过杂交将Ubipro-Ts基因导入Ds因子转化植株,得到9株Ubipro-Ts基因与Ds因子共存的F1代杂交水稻植株,其中有8株Ds因子发生了切离。用Inverse-PCR的方法从其中一株杂交植株中克隆到Ds因子的旁邻序列,其DNA顺序与亲本中Ds因子原插入位点的序列不同,表明Ds因子转座到了新的基因组位点。  相似文献   

5.
用水稻愈伤组织比较了Ac启动子、35S启动子与Ubi启动子控制下Ac转座酶基因(Ts)的表达对Ds因子切离频率的影响。结果表明Ubi启动子与Ac转座酶编码区嵌合基因(Ubipro-Ts)反式激活Ds因子的切离频率最高,达到了72.9%。通过杂交将Ubipro-Ts基因导入Ds因子转化植株,得到9株Ubipro-Ts基因与Ds因子共存的F1代杂交水稻植株,其中有8株Ds因子发生了切离。用Inverse-PCR的方法从其中一株杂交植株中克隆到Ds因子的旁邻序列,其DNA顺序与亲本中Ds因子原插入位点的序列不同,表明Ds因子转座到了新的基因组位点。  相似文献   

6.
使用农杆菌介导的方法转化粳稻品种中花11,构建了在第4号染色体不同位置插入了Ds(dissociation)因子的水稻转化群体和带有Ac(activator)转座酶基因的转化植株。将携带了Ac转座酶基因的植株与不同Ds转化植株杂交,杂交F1代同时带有Ac转座酶和Ds因子(Ac/Ds植株)。用PCR方法检测了杂交F1代Ds的切离频率,结果发现靠近第4号染色体着丝粒附近的Ds转座子切离频率低,而靠近第4号染色体末端区域的Ds转座子切离频率高,这表明Ds转座子的原始插入位置对其杂交后代的切离频率有很大的影响,推测与原始插入位点附近的染色体结构有关。  相似文献   

7.
孙丙耀  谈建中  陆小平  曲春香  万志刚  顾福根 《遗传》2006,28(12):1555-1561
采用TAIL-PCR技术从经鉴定含Ac/Ds双元件的材料中扩增Ds侧翼序列并测序, 对水稻Ac×Ds后代基因组DNA进行Ac和Ds插入的PCR分析。利用NCBI的BLAST软件, 以Ds侧翼序列为待查询序列进行GenBank在线搜索比对, 获得Ds插入相关基因的染色体定位和功能注释等信息。对扩增的93个有效Ds侧翼序列进行分析, 结果显示, 有21个水稻杂交后代中Ds插入于基因编码区, 其余72个插入在基因间序列, 其中12个插入在特定基因的上游3 kb以内的间隔区。本研究强调了提高Ds侧翼序列扩增和Ac/Ds植株筛选效率的技术关键。  相似文献   

8.
玉米转座元件Ac/Ds是hAT转座子家族的成员,导入水稻基因组后具有转座活性,尽管转座机制还不完全清楚,但它们通常经保守的非复制型“剪切-粘贴”过程转座。研究表明,在Ac编码的转座酶作用下, Ds从原位点切离后常优先重新插入到连锁位点。文章利用 TAIL-PCR技术从水稻一个 Ds插入突变体及其回复突变体中分离Ds侧翼序列,结合生物信息学分析方法,对Ds在突变体上插入位点、回复突变体内切离足迹和重新插入位点进行了分子鉴定。结果显示,突变体中Ds从3号染色体切离后,在原插入位点残留了8 bp足迹序列(CATCATGA),引起Ds标记基因外显子和内含子数目增加,从而影响基因结构。切离后的Ds重新插入回复突变体第2和第6号染色体上,分别编码烟草胺氨基转移酶和衰老相关蛋白的2个基因的编码区。因此,典型的“剪切-粘贴”机制不能完全解释Ds的转座行为, Ds转座存在“剪切-复制-粘贴”的特点。  相似文献   

9.
在构建由农杆菌介导的玉米Ds转座因子插入的水稻转化群体中,得到了一个茎秆等组织发生脆性突变的株系。理化指标定量测定表明,脆性株系的载荷强度和纤维素含量都比正常植株低很多,可溶性糖含量略有减少。对这个突变株的分子检测结果表明Ds因子在脆性株系中为单位点插入。检测了自前3代(T1,T2,T3)植株中T-DNA(Ds)插入与脆性表型的共分离关系。初步结果表明这个突变是T-DNA(Ds)的插入造成的,这个突变基因可能与水稻纤维素合成有关。  相似文献   

10.
用使质粒pKU3所携带的玉米Ac因子的5'末端和中间编码转座酶的基因片段分别发生缺失的方法构建成质粒pKU3(△B)和pKU3(△H)。质粒所携带缺失的Ac因子单独存在时都无自主转座能力,但当Ac(△H)和Ac(△B)共存于一个细胞时,由于Ac(△B)产生转座酶的互补作用促使Ac(△H)恢复转座能力,而当Ac(△B)和Ac(△H)因子被分离后即获得Ac(△H)因子的稳定插入突变株,它可克服因突变不稳定而给用转座因子标签法分离基因所造成的困难。将双因子系统导入烟草原生质体并获得再生植株,从而选得卡那霉素抗性植株,显示Ac(△H)因子已经从原质粒上的NPTⅡ前导顺序中切离。Sortharnblot和PCR分析表明:Ac(△H)和Ac(△B)因子已经整合在转化烟草的基因组并能遗传至F1和F2代植株中;有些植株后代中已检测不到Ac(△B)因子的存在,说明它们的Ac(△B)因子已与Ac(△H)因子相分离;各转化植株中Ac(△H)因子在基因组中的插入拷贝数从一个到几个不等;初步显示Ac(△H)因子多数插入或转座在基因组的结构基因中。  相似文献   

11.
Over 3000 rice plants with T-DNA carrying a Ds element were constructed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediation. Using inverse PCR methodology, 590 unique right flanking sequences of T-DNA (Ds) were retrieved from independent transformants and classified into six main types on the basis of the origin of filler DNA between the right border of T-DNA and flanking sequence of rice genome. Type I sequences were the most common and showed canonical integration that T-DNA right border was followed by rice genome sequence with or without filler DNA of no more than 50 bp, while type II sequences displayed a vector-genome combination that T-DNA right border was followed by a vector fragment and then connected with rice genome sequence. The location and distribution of 340 type I and II flanking sequences on the rice chromosome were determined using BLAST analysis. The 340 Ds insertions at an average interval of 0.8 megabase (Mb) constructed a basic framework of Ds starter points on whole rice chromosomes. The frequency of T-DNA (Ds) inserted into the exons of predicted genes on chromosome one was 21%. Knowledge of T-DNA (Ds) locations on chromosomes will prove to be a useful resource for isolating rice genes by Ds transposon tagging as these Ds insertions can be used as starting lines for further mutagenesis.  相似文献   

12.
A two-element Activator/Dissociation (Ac/Ds) gene trap system was successfully established in rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare) to generate a collection of stable, unlinked and single-copy Ds transposants. The germinal transposition frequency of Ds was estimated as an average of 51% by analyzing 4413 families. Study of Ds transposition pattern in siblings revealed that 79% had at least two different insertions, suggesting late transposition during rice development. Analysis of 2057 Ds flanking sequences showed that 88% of them were unique, whereas the rest within T-DNA. The insertions were distributed randomly throughout the genome; however, there was a bias toward chromosomes 4 and 7, which had two times as many insertions as that expected. A hot spot for Ds insertions was identified on chromosome 7 within a 40-kbp region. One-third of Ds flanking sequences was homologous to either proteins or rice expressed sequence tags (ESTs), confirming a preference for Ds transposition into coding regions. Analysis of 200 Ds lines on chromosome 1 revealed that 72% insertions were found in genic region. Anchoring of more than 800 insertions to yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)-based EST map showed that Ds transposes preferentially into regions rich in expressed sequences. High germinal transposition frequency and independent transpositions among siblings show that the efficiency of this system is suitable for large-scale transposon mutagenesis in rice.  相似文献   

13.
Distribution of T-DNA carrying a Ds element on rice chromosomes   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
Rice is one of the most important crops in the world, and is widely studied as a model for cereal ge-nomics because of its small genome size (about 430 Mbp), and its colinearity at the sequence level with limited regions of other cereal genomes. In addition, there are a large number of rice databases document-ing molecular markers, genome sequences, EST se-quences and trait mutants[1—4]. Functional genomic studies of rice are increasing with the availability of the complete genome sequence. …  相似文献   

14.
A system for targeted gene tagging and local saturation mutagenesis based on maize transposable elements (Ac/Ds) was developed in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We generated large numbers of transgenic barley lines carrying a single copy of the non-autonomous maize Ds element at defined positions in the genome. Independent Ds lines were either generated by activating Ds elements in existing single-copy lines after crossing with AcTPase-expressing plants or by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Genomic DNA flanking Ds and T-DNA insertion sites from over 200 independent lines was isolated and sequenced, and was used for a sequence based mapping strategy in a barley reference population. More than 100 independent Ds insertion sites were mapped and can be used as launch pads for future targeted tagging of genes in the vicinity of the insertion sites. Sequence analysis of Ds and T-DNA flanking regions revealed a sevenfold preference of both mutagens for insertion into non-redundant, gene-containing regions of the barley genome. However, whilst transposed Ds elements preferentially inserted adjacent to regions with a high number of predicted and experimentally validated matrix attachment regions (nuclear MARs), this was not the case for T-DNA integration sites. These findings and an observed high transposition frequency from mapped launch pads demonstrate the future potential of gene tagging for functional genomics and gene discovery in barley.  相似文献   

15.
In rice, limited efforts have been made to identify genes by the use of insertional mutagens, especially heterologous transposons such as the maize Ac/Ds. We constructed Ac and gene trap Ds vectors and introduced them into the rice genome by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. In this report, rice plants that contained single and simple insertions of T-DNA were analysed in order to evaluate the gene-tagging efficiency. The 3' end of Ds was examined for putative splicing donor sites. As observed in maize, three splice donor sites were identified at the 3' end of the Ds in rice. Nearly 80% of Ds elements were excised from the original T-DNA sites, when Ac cDNA was expressed under a CaMV 35S promoter. Repetitive ratoon culturing was performed to induce new transpositions of Ds in new plants derived from cuttings. About 30% of the plants carried at least one Ds which underwent secondary transposition in the later cultures. Eight per cent of transposed Ds elements expressed GUS in various tissues of rice panicles. With cloned DNA adjacent to Ds, the genomic complexities of the insertion sites were examined by Southern hybridization. Half of the Ds insertion sites showed simple hybridization patterns which could be easily utilized to locate the Ds. Our data demonstrate that the Ac/Ds-mediated gene trap system could prove an excellent tool for the analysis of functions of genes in rice. We discuss genetic strategies that could be employed in a large scale mutagenesis using a heterologous Ac/Ds family in rice.  相似文献   

16.
Although it has been known for some time that the maize transposon Ac can mutate to Ds by undergoing internal deletions, the mechanism by which these mutations arise has remained conjectural. To gain further insight into this mechanism in maize we have studied a series of Ds elements that originated de novo from Ac elements at known locations in the genome. We present evidence that new, internally deleted Ds elements can arise at the Ac donor site when Ac transposes to another site in the genome. However, internal deletions are rare relative to Ac excision footprints, the predominant products of Ac transposition. We have characterized the deletion junctions in five new Ds elements. Short direct repeats of variable length occur adjacent to the deletion junction in three of the five Ds derivatives. In the remaining two, extra sequences or filler DNA is inserted at the junction. The filler DNAs are identical to sequences found close to the junction in the Ac DNA, where they are flanked by the same sequences that flank the filler DNA in the deletion. These findings are explained most simply by a mechanism involving error-prone DNA replication as an occasional alternative to end-joining in the repair of Ac-generated double-strand breaks.  相似文献   

17.
Rapid, large-scale generation of a Ds transposant population was achieved using a regeneration procedure involving tissue culture of seed-derived calli carrying Ac and inactive Ds elements. In the F(2) progeny from genetic crosses between the same Ds and Ac starter lines, most of the crosses produced an independent germinal transposition frequency of 10-20%. Also, many Ds elements underwent immobilization even though Ac was expressed. By comparison, in a callus-derived regenerated population, over 70% of plants carried independent Ds insertions, indicating transposition early in callus formation. In the remaining population, the majority of plants carried only Ac. Most of the new Ds insertions were stably transmitted to a subsequent generation. An exceptionally high proportion of independent transposants in the regenerated population means that selection markers for transposed Ds and continual monitoring of Ac/Ds activities may not necessarily be required. By analyzing 1297 Ds-flanking DNA sequences, a genetic map of 1072 Ds insertion sites was developed. The map showed that Ds elements were transposed onto all of the rice chromosomes, with preference not only near donor sites (36%) but also on certain physically unlinked arms. Populations from both genetic crossing and tissue culture showed the same distribution patterns of Ds insertion sites. The information of these mapped Ds insertion sites was deposited in GenBank. Among them, 55% of Ds elements were on predicted open-reading frame (ORF) regions. Thus, we propose an optimal strategy for the rapid generation of a large population of Ds transposants in rice.  相似文献   

18.
A transgenic tomato line containing between eight and ten copies per genome of an exceptionally active maize transposable element Ac has previously been described. Southern analyses indicated that these elements are somatically active in these plants. In order to characterize further the pattern of somatic transposition in this line, 24 independent Ac insertion events from a single plant were cloned. In 21 cases, Ac inserted into single copy genomic DNA while in three cases Ac inserted into sequences present at two to four copies per genome; none of the insertions occurred into more highly repetitive DNA. The chromosomal locations of 20 insertion sites were determined by RFLP mapping and a pattern of small dispersed clusters emerged. Thirteen of the 20 insertion sites were linked to at least one other insertion site but these were distributed over nine of the 12 tomato chromosomes. Only one Ac insertion was linked to the T-DNA locus. The structural integrity of these Ac elements was examined and no evidence of deletions or other rearrangements suggestive of Ds elements was found. The implications of these findings with respect to the use of Ac as a transposon tag in heterologous species are discussed.  相似文献   

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