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1.
目的:研究中药藏红花提取液对去卵巢大鼠股骨骨密度及血清骨代谢生化指标的影响。方法:选用48只4月龄SD雌性大鼠,随机分为6组:假手术组、模型组、戊酸雌二醇组、藏红花低、中、高剂量组。术后4周各组分别给予相应制剂灌胃,术后12周处死,分别测定股骨骨密度、子宫指数、雌二醇、血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶。结果:与模型组相比,藏红花各剂量组股骨骨密度明显升高(p<0.01),雌二醇测定值升高(p<0.01),碱性磷酸酶显著降低(p<0.01),血钙及血磷无统计学差异(p>0.05);与戊酸雌二醇组比较,藏红花各剂量组子宫指数显著降低(p<0.01)。结论:藏红花提取液有助于抑制去卵巢大鼠骨量的丢失,改善骨代谢,对骨质疏松症具有防治作用。  相似文献   

2.
目的:研究联合应用重组人甲状旁腺素(1-34)和双磷酸盐对双侧卵巢切除(OVX)骨质疏松大鼠模型的治疗作用.方法:选用3月龄健康SD雌性大白鼠40只作为实验动物,随机分为五组:假手术组(S组)、卵巢切除组(o组)、OVX +RhPTH(1-34)组(R组)、OVX+阿仑磷酸钠组(A组)、OVX+联合用药组(RA组).术后12周开始给药,持续给药6周.给药后6周取血行相关生化指标检测,取股骨进行骨密度测定、骨组织形态计量学分析.结果:O组的大鼠股骨骨密度值较假手术组有明显减少,血清磷、骨钙素和血清雌二醇水平减少(P<0.01),血清碱性磷酸酶水平增加(P<0.01),使用甲状旁腺素和阿仑膦酸钠治疗后,大鼠股骨骨密度值、血清磷、骨钙素和血清雌二醇水平增加,血清碱性磷酸酶水平相应下降,尤其是两种药物联合应用后效果更为明显(P<0.01);荧光双标显示,O组骨形成速率较R组及RA组低(P<0.05),S组、O组、A组骨形成速率无明显差别(P>0.05).结论:联合应用RhPTH(1-34)和双磷酸盐可以减少去卵巢大鼠骨量的丢失,预防骨质疏松的发生.  相似文献   

3.
曹鹏冲  雷伟  高雁翎  颉强  程欢  刘帅 《生物磁学》2011,(6):1009-1012
目的:研究中药藏红花提取液对去卵巢大鼠股骨骨密度及血清骨代谢生化指标的影响。方法:选用48只4月龄SD雌性大鼠,随机分为6组:假手术组、模型组、戊酸雌二醇组、藏红花低、中、高剂量组。术后4周各组分别给予相应制剂灌胃,术后12周处死,分别测定股骨骨密度、子宫指数、雌二醇、血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶。结果:与模型组相比,藏红花各剂量组股骨骨密度明显升高(p〈0.01),雌二醇测定值升高(p〈0.01),碱性磷酸酶显著降低(p〈0.01),血钙及血磷无统计学差异(p〉0.05);与戊酸雌二醇组比较,藏红花各剂量组子宫指数显著降低(p〈0.01)。结论:藏红花提取液有助于抑制去卵巢大鼠骨量的丢失,改善骨代谢,对骨质疏松症具有防治作用。  相似文献   

4.
目的观察葛根素对去卵巢大鼠股骨骨密度、颌骨骨密度和血清中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及雌二醇(E2)水平的影响。方法 3月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(sham group)、单纯去势组(OVX group)、去势+雌二醇治疗组(OVX-estrogen group)和去势+葛根素治疗组(OVX-puerarin group)。给药3个月后测量各组大鼠股骨和颌骨骨密度,血清中TNF-α和CRP及雌二醇(E2)水平。结果 OVX-puerarin组较sham组体重明显增加(P〈0.01);较OVX-estrogen组的TNF-α(P〈0.01)、CRP(P〈0.05)及E2(P〈0.01)水平显著下降;其下颌骨和股骨远端骨密度与OVX组、sham组之间无显著性差异,但其股骨近端骨密度较OVX-estrogen组明显增加(P〈0.05)。结论葛根素作为抗炎因子,能够显著降低TNF-α和CRP的水平,但并不会提高雌激素的水平;葛根素对卵巢切除所致的骨质疏松症有一定的治疗作用,但会明显提高机体体重。  相似文献   

5.
目的:观察葛根异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨骼生物力学的影响。方法:选用健康3月龄SD雌性大鼠50只,随机分为5组:假手术组、模型对照组、低、中、高剂量葛根异黄酮组;假手术组切除卵巢旁脂肪组织,其余各组均切除双侧卵巢,建立去卵巢大鼠动物模型。按25、50、100 mg/kg 3个剂量葛根异黄酮分别给去卵巢大鼠灌胃6个月,并于实验结束后处死大鼠,检测腰椎骨骼生物力学功能、骨矿含量和股骨骨钙含量及子宫重量。结果:高剂量葛根异黄酮治疗组6个月后腰椎最大负荷、结构强度和骨矿含量均较模型对照组明显改善,股骨骨钙含量也明显增高;各个葛根异黄酮治疗组子宫重量均较模型对照组明显增加。结论:葛根异黄酮可改善去卵巢大鼠骨骼生物力学功能,具有雌激素样的抗骨质疏松作用。  相似文献   

6.
目的:观察仙灵骨葆治疗骨质疏松模型大鼠后,对大鼠体内OPG/RANKL/RANK表达的影响。方法:卵巢摘除法建立SD大鼠骨质疏松模型,设立假手术组、对照组(单纯去卵巢组)、雌激素组(给予17β-雌二醇)和治疗组(给予仙灵骨葆)。术后1周开始给药,给药12周后检测各组大鼠股骨骨密度,ELISA法检测血清中OPG/RANKL含量,RT-PCR检测骨组织中OPG/RANK/RAN-KL mRNA表达,免疫组化检测骨组织中RANK的表达。结果:对照组大鼠骨密度显著低于假手术组;治疗组和雌激素组大鼠O-PG表达显著高于对照组,RANK及RANKL的表达显著低于对照组。结论:采用卵巢摘除法成功建立大鼠骨质疏松模型;仙灵骨葆可促进骨质疏松大鼠OPG的表达,并抑制RANK及RANKL的表达,对骨质疏松模型大鼠有治疗作用。  相似文献   

7.
目的:研究中等强度跑台运动训练和停训对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和体成分的影响。方法:将60只成年雌性SD大鼠按体重分层后随机分为假手术组、去卵巢静止组和去卵巢运动组,每组20只。去卵巢运动组大鼠每周进行4次时间45min、速度18m/min、跑道倾角5℃的跑台训练,持续训练14周时,将各组大鼠又随机分为两个亚组,即:假手术-16周(Sham-16)和假手术32周(Sham-32)组、去卵巢-16周(OVX-16)和去卵巢-32周(OVX-32)组以及去卵巢运动(EX)和停训组(DEX)。分别在末次训练结束36-48小时内或停训16周时,用双能X线骨密度仪检测各组大鼠体成分和骨密度的变化。结果:(1)训练结束时,OVX-16组大鼠体脂重量和含量显著高于Sham-16和EX组,而瘦体含量、全身骨密度和腰椎骨密度显著低于Sham-16和EX组,各组其他检测指标无显著变化。(2)停训16周时,OVX-32组大鼠体重、脂肪重量和体脂含量显著高于Sham-32组,而全身、腰椎和左右股骨骨密度以及瘦体含量显著低于Sham-32组;DEX组大鼠脂肪重量和体脂含量显著高于OVX-32组,而瘦体含量显著低于OVX-32组。结论:跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠体成分和骨密度的改善效应在停训16周时均未能被保持。  相似文献   

8.
目的:研究中等强度跑台运动训练和停训对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和体成分的影响。方法:将60只成年雌性SD大鼠按体重分层后随机分为假手术组、去卵巢静止组和去卵巢运动组,每组20只。去卵巢运动组大鼠每周进行4次时间45min、速度18m/rain、跑道倾角5℃的跑台训练,持续训练14周时,将各组大鼠又随机分为两个亚组,即:假手术-16周(Sham.16)和假手术32周(Sham-32)组、去卵巢-16周(OVX-16)和去卵巢-32周(OVX-32)组以及去卵巢运动(EX)和停训组(DEX)。分别在末次训练结束36—48小时内或停训16周时,用双能X线骨密度仪检测各组大鼠体成分和骨密度的变化。结果:(1)训练结束时,OVX-16组大鼠体脂重量和含量显著高于Sham-16和EX组,而瘦体含量、全身骨密度和腰椎骨密度显著低于Sham-16和EX组,各组其他检测指标无显著变化。(2)停训16周时,OVX-32组大鼠体重、脂肪重量和体脂含量显著高于Sham-32组,而全身、腰椎和左右股骨骨密度以及瘦体含量显著低于Sham.32组;DEX组大鼠脂肪重量和体脂含量显著高于OVX-32组,而瘦体含量显著低于OVX-32组。结论:跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠体成分和骨密度的改善效应在停训16周时均未能被保持。  相似文献   

9.
目的:观察金雀异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松发生的影响并探讨其分子机制.方法:将60只雌性SD大鼠随机分为:空白对照组、模型对照组、尼尔雌醇组、金雀异黄酮高(18 mg/kg)、中(9 mg/kg)、低(4.5 mg/kg)剂量组.除空白对照组外,其余大鼠切除双侧卵巢诱发骨质疏松.模型复制成功后,给予含有不同剂量金雀异黄酮的饲料喂食骨质疏松大鼠.12周后行股骨干骨密度测定并行RT-PCR和Western blot检测股骨组织中sost基因表达水平的变化.结果:和模型对照组相比,中剂量金雀异黄酮组大鼠骨密度显著增加(P<0.01)股骨组织中sost表达明显下调.结论:金雀异黄酮对骨质疏松大鼠有治疗作用,该作用可能与下调sost表达有关.  相似文献   

10.
本研究以去卵巢骨质疏松症模型大鼠为研究对象,采用比较分析与去卵巢骨质疏松症相关的多项因子的方法,试图探究左、右归丸的效应机理。将雌性SD大鼠随机分为空白组、假手术组、模型组(OVX组)、己烯雌酚组、左归丸组、右归丸组,每组12只。除空白组、假手术组外,将各组大鼠双侧卵巢切除制备绝经后骨质疏松症大鼠模型。造模一周后,分别给予各组相应的蒸馏水或药物,持续治疗12周。测定各组大鼠腰椎骨密度、血清钙、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)含量和大鼠胫骨骨髓中OPG、RANKL、Wnt1蛋白的表达量。与空白组、假手术组相比,模型组大鼠OPG、骨密度均显著下降(p0.01),而ALP、RANKL、Wnt1明显升高(p0.01);各给药组较OVX组,OPG、骨密度不同程度提高,ALP、RANKL、Wnt1则有不同程度降低(p0.05)。结果表明,左、右归丸能够抑制骨吸收,降低骨转化率,使骨形成和骨吸收趋于平衡,可有效防治去卵巢骨质疏松症模型大鼠的骨流失并改善骨组织形态,并且右归丸疗效优于左归丸;本研究为中医防治PMOP提供坚实的实验依据,并从分子水平揭示左、右归丸的治疗机理,推动了左、右归丸治疗PMOP作用机制的研究。  相似文献   

11.
Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.  相似文献   

12.
2018年中国植物科学若干领域重要研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2018年中国植物科学继续呈现快速发展的态势, 我国科学家在国际植物科学主流学术刊物发表论文数量大幅增加, 取得了多项具有重要影响的成果。调控植物生长-代谢平衡实现可持续农业发展入选2018年度中国科学十大进展; 中国被子植物区系进化历史研究入选2018年度中国生命科学十大进展。以水稻为代表的农作物和果蔬等经济作物研究在国际上已呈现出明显的优势, 若干领域已从“追赶”状态跨越到“领跑”地位。该文对2018年中国科学家在植物科学若干领域取得的重要研究成果进行了概括性评述, 旨在全面追踪和报道当前中国植物科学领域的发展前沿和热点, 展示中国科学家所取得的杰出成就。  相似文献   

13.
Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.  相似文献   

14.
2018年中国植物科学继续呈现快速发展的态势, 我国科学家在国际植物科学主流学术刊物发表论文数量大幅增加, 取得了多项具有重要影响的成果。调控植物生长-代谢平衡实现可持续农业发展入选2018年度中国科学十大进展; 中国被子植物区系进化历史研究入选2018年度中国生命科学十大进展。以水稻为代表的农作物和果蔬等经济作物研究在国际上已呈现出明显的优势, 若干领域已从“追赶”状态跨越到“领跑”地位。该文对2018年中国科学家在植物科学若干领域取得的重要研究成果进行了概括性评述, 旨在全面追踪和报道当前中国植物科学领域的发展前沿和热点, 展示中国科学家所取得的杰出成就。  相似文献   

15.
2017年中国植物科学若干领域重要研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2017年中国植物科学继续保持高速发展态势, 重大成果频出, 具体表现在中国植物学家在国际顶级学术期刊发表的文章数量平稳上升。中国植物科学领域的研究工作者成果精彩纷呈, 如新型广谱抗病机制的发现、水稻广谱抗病遗传基础及机制和疫霉菌诱发病害成灾机制研究等。2017年中国生命科学领域十大进展评选中, 有两项植物科学领域的研究成果入选。水稻生物学、进化与基因组学和激素生物学等领域学科发展突出。另外, 值得一提的是, 长期从事高等植物与代谢途径调控分子网络研究和水稻品种设计育种的李家洋院士的研究成果“水稻高产优质性状形成的分子机理及品种设计”荣获2017年国家自然科学一等奖。这一具有重大国际影响的开创性贡献标志着中国植物科学在该领域的国际科学前沿居于引领和卓越地位。该文对2017年中国本土科学家在植物科学若干领域取得的重要研究成果进行了系统梳理, 旨在全面追踪和报道当前中国植物科学领域发展的最新前沿动态, 与广大读者共同分享我国科学家所取得的辉煌成就。  相似文献   

16.
葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望。  相似文献   

17.
我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义.综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望.  相似文献   

18.
We report the appearance of apoptotic cells in experimental myocardial infarction (rabbit heart) in in situ and in vitro preparations. Apoptosis was recognized by intravital staining with Hoechst 33342 (Ho342), by nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and by DNA laddering. A steady rise in the relative number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (apoptotic index) was noted in in situ preparations. Apoptosis was first noted 6 h after the onset of ischemia with its highest value occurring after 72 h. Apoptotic nuclei were absent in remote areas of the left and right ventricles. Apoptotic nuclei within the infarcted area showed diminished intensity of Ho342 fluorescence. Three days after ischemia, a border zone adjacent to the infarcted area consisting of apoptotic macrophages was recognized. A novel finding was the appearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in the isolated perfused ischemic heart. Occurring as early as 50 min after the onset of ischemia, a high apoptotic index was present adjacent to the ligature placed around the coronary artery. This observation provides the opportunity to selectively examine factors leading to apoptosis in the ischemic heart under controlled experimental conditions.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract. Changes are described in aquatic vegetation in oligotrophic, groundwater-fed Rhine floodplain streams in Alsace (eastern France), resulting from disturbance. Disturbance factors include changes in nutrients, either permanent ones - effluent from a waste water treatment plant or trout hatcheries - or periodic ones: flooding. Regular inputs of high levels of phosphate and ammonia modified the macrophyte vegetation in these streams. The floristic composition, which was characteristic of oligotrophic waters upstream of the eutrophicated sector, changed to that of a eutrophic situation as originally found downstream. Periodic disturbance by floods which normally occur once a year, irregularly eutrophicates the small streams, causing the development of a mixture of eutrophic and oligotrophic species. Six macrophyte communities are distinguished, indicating different trophic levels. The aquatic vegetation is adapted to the variations of phosphate and ammonia levels. Hence, aquatic macrophytes can be used as bio-indicators of fluctuations in water nutrient levels in relation to the type of disturbance.  相似文献   

20.
The detailed mechanisms underlying morphine-signaling pathways in platelets remain obscure. Therefore, we systematically examined the influence of morphine on washed human platelets. In this study, washed human platelet suspensions were used for in vitro studies. Furthermore, platelet thrombus formation induced by irradiation of mesenteric venules with filtered light in mice pretreated with fluorescein sodium was used for an in vivo thrombotic study. Morphine concentration dependently (0.6, 1, and 5 microM) potentiated platelet aggregation and the ATP release reaction stimulated by agonists (i.e., collagen and U46619) in washed human platelets. Yohimbine (0.1 microM), a specific alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist, markedly abolished the potentiation of morphine in platelet aggregation stimulated by agonists. Morphine also potentiated phosphoinositide breakdown and intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in human platelets stimulated by collagen (1 microg/ml). Moreover, morphine (0.6-5 microM) markedly inhibited prostaglandin E(1) (10 microM)-induced cyclic AMP formation in human platelets, while yohimbine (0.1 microM) significantly reversed the inhibition of cyclic AMP by morphine (0.6 and 1 microM) in this study. The thrombin-evoked increase in pH(i) was markedly potentiated in the presence of morphine (1 and 5 microM). Morphine (2 and 5 mg/g) significantly shortened the time require to induce platelet plug formation in mesenteric venules. We concluded that morphine may exert its potentiation in platelet aggregation by binding to alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in human platelets, with a resulting inhibition of adenylate cyclase, thereby reducing intracellular cyclic AMP formation followed by increased activation of phospholipase C and the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger. This leads to increased intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, and finally potentiation of platelet aggregation and of the ATP release reaction.  相似文献   

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