垂丝紫荆花粉贮藏及生活力研究

为进行紫荆杂交育种和开发利用,以垂丝紫荆花粉为试材,利用离体培养法、3种染色法（醋酸洋红、TTC和碘-碘化钾染色）对花粉生活力进行测定,并分析不同贮藏温度和时间对花粉萌发的影响。结果显示,培养基中添加蔗糖和硼酸对花粉的萌发有促进作用,垂丝紫荆花粉萌发的适宜培养基为120 g/L蔗糖+40 mg/L硼酸,花粉萌发率达86.23%;醋酸洋红染色法适宜快速测定垂丝紫荆花粉生活力;垂丝紫荆花粉最佳的贮藏温度为 -196 ℃,经济的贮藏方法为-20 ℃。     

光皮桦花粉离体萌发试验

设置若干温度的培养环境以及各种浓度蔗糖、蔗糖+硼酸、蔗糖+硝酸钙、蔗糖+硼酸+硝酸钙培养基,研究温度以及蔗糖、硼、钙对光皮桦花粉离体萌发的影响,探明光皮桦花粉萌发的适宜温度和最佳培养基。结果表明:合适浓度的蔗糖、硼酸和硝酸钙均能显著促进光皮桦花粉萌发,而高浓度的蔗糖、硼和钙均抑制其花粉萌发;光皮桦花粉离体萌发的合适培养基为10%蔗糖+200mg.L-1硼酸+200mg.L-1硝酸钙,适宜培养温度为30℃;在此条件下培养4h后花粉萌发率基本稳定,培养6h后花粉管长度亦趋于稳定。     

梓树属花粉生活力的研究

以梓树属楸树组3种楸树花粉为试材,采用固体培养基法进行离体培养,研究不同浓度蔗糖、硼酸对花粉萌发的影响,以确定最适宜培养基条件下最佳的培养时间.结果表明,3个种花粉的最佳离体萌发条件一致.培养基中含有20%的蔗糖、0.005%的硼酸时较适合3种楸树花粉萌发,楸树、灰楸和滇楸萌发率分别为28.34%、12.24%和60.22%;3个种的花粉最佳培养时间均为6 h;不同重复数之间萌发率差异不显著,以3个重复为宜.花粉种内单株之间萌发率差异显著,且滇楸花粉萌发率明显高于楸树和灰楸.     

东方百合花粉萌发培养基组分的优化

以东方百合6个品种的花粉作实验材料,选用22个培养基配方,在研究硼酸和蔗糖浓度对花粉萌发和花粉管伸长影响的基础上,对东方百合花粉培养基配方进行了优化。研究结果表明东方百合离体花粉萌发培养基的最佳组成是:蔗糖13%,硼酸143mg·kg^-1,琼脂1%。     

悬铃木花粉生活力及贮藏力的研究

以30~40年生悬铃木(Platanus acerifolia)的花粉为试材,研究了不同培养基对其萌发的作用,同时探讨了不同贮藏条件和贮藏时间对花粉生活力的影响。结果表明:悬铃木花粉在15%蔗糖 0.01%硼酸的培养基上培养24 h后萌发率最高;附加琼脂的固体培养基对花粉的萌发影响不大;50 mg/L的赤霉素对悬铃木花粉的萌发没有明显的抑制或促进作用;花粉干燥后在低温4℃下贮藏能保持较长的生活力,比未经干燥25℃和4℃下贮藏分别长35 d和20 d。     

温度、蔗糖和硼酸对含笑花粉离体萌发的影响

以含笑(Michelia figo)花粉为试验材料,采用花粉人工培养法研究了含笑花粉离体萌发的最适条件。结果表明:蔗糖、硼酸在一定浓度范围内能促进花粉萌发,含笑花粉萌发的最适蔗糖和硼酸分别为50 mg.L-1和5mg.L-1,萌发率分别为21.51%和44.14%;花粉最佳萌发温度为25℃,萌发率达53.33%。正交试验设计结果表明,花粉萌发的最佳组合为70 mg.L-1蔗糖+5 mg.L-1硼酸+28℃,萌发率可达65.33%。     

培养基组分及pH值对梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响

采用花粉液体培养法研究不同培养基组分和pH值对梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长影响.结果表明:培养基内硼酸、氯化钙、PEG-4000、蔗糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、山梨醇、果糖在一定浓度范围内,对花粉萌发及花粉管生长起促进作用,但超过一定浓度时起抑制作用;最适的培养基组分为:30mmol/LMES、0.01%硼酸、0.03%CaCl2·2H2O、15%PEG-4000、5%果糖 或5%山梨醇、10%蔗糖 ,最适的pH值为6.5.在该培养基内梨花粉萌发率约为59.2%,花粉管生长长度为966.3μm.     

杜鹃红山茶花粉萌发力及贮藏耐性的研究

以2～3年生嫁接的杜鹃红山茶(Camellia azalea)花粉为实验材料,研究了不同培养基、不同培养温度对其萌发的影响,同时探讨了不同贮藏条件和贮藏时间下花粉生活力的差异。结果表明:杜鹃红山茶花粉在不同培养时间下其萌发率呈抛物线型,花粉在15%蔗糖+0.02%硼酸的培养基上萌发率最高,30℃的培养温度比25℃、20℃更适合杜鹃红山茶花粉萌发。-20℃冷冻保存和液氮保存都是适合杜鹃红山茶花粉长期保存的方式。     

不同培养条件对黄连木花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响

以黄连木花粉为试材,采用离体培养法研究了培养基组分和植物生长调节物质对黄连木花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响.结果表明:花粉萌发和花粉管生长的适宜蔗糖浓度为15%,适宜培养温度为25℃;该培养条件下,花粉萌发率和花粉管长度分别达最大值63.3%和412.1 μm.硼酸、赤霉素(GA3)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)在一定浓度范围内,可以促进黄连木花粉萌发和花粉管生长,浓度过高时起抑制作用;最适宜黄连木花粉萌发和花粉管生长的硼酸浓度、赤霉素(GA3)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)浓度分别为100、50和15 mg/L.     

紫荆花粉离体萌发条件的研究

以紫荆(Cercis chinensis Bunge)花粉为材料,采用人工培养法研究了紫荆花粉离体萌发的最适条件.结果表明:蔗糖、硼酸在一定质量浓度范围内能促进花粉的萌发,最适花粉萌发的质量浓度分别为蔗糖50 mg/L以及硼酸20 mg/L,最佳萌发温度20℃.正交试验设计结果表明:花粉萌发的最佳质量浓度分剐为70 mg/L蔗糖以及18mg/L硼酸,最佳萌发温度为22℃,此时的萌发率可达60.51％.     

The abilities of three Frankia isolates to nodulate and fix nitrogen with four species of Casuarina

Three isolates of Frankia from nodules of Casuarina sens, strict. (JCT287. JCT295 and 20607) were compared in their abilities to nodulate and fix N, when associated with four species of Casuarina ( C. cunninghamiana Miq., C. equisetifolia Forst., C obesa Miq. and C. glauca Sieb. ex Spreng) growing in a N-deficient soil.
All three Frankia isolates nodulated each of the four species of Casuarina . At 27 weeks after inoculation, growth (dry weight) of inoculated plants was 3.6 to 5.0 times greater than that of uninoculated plants. There were no significant differences in plant dry weight, the N concentration of shoots or roots, or the amount of N, fixed per plant among the Frankia isolates for each of the species of Casuarina studied. The infectivity and effectiveness in N, fixation of Frankia strain JCT287 with C. cunninghamiana was similar when two different defined media were used for culture of the inoculum.     

Protective effect of Brucella outer membrane complex-bearing liposomes against experimental murine brucellosis

Abstract Nodulation ability was tested for Frankia strains HFPCcI3 and ELI, and Frankia sources A.t. and G.a. from Allocasuarina torulosa and Gymnostoma australianum , respectively, on A. torulosa Miq., Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq., G. australianum L. Johnson and Elaeagnus triflora Roxb. It was shown that A. torulosa and C. cunninghamiana formed nodules only with the Frankia sources obtained from their own host plant, while E. triflora formed nodules with three of the four Frankia sources tested. All nodules formed were effectively fixing nitrogen. Specific nitrogenase activity was highest in E. triflora inoculated with the Frankia strain isolated from nodules of the same species. Identification of Frankia sources in the nodules was performed by use of PCR amplification of DNA with a random primer. PCR amplification of DNA isolated from nodules of G. australianum and E. triflora inoculated with Frankia strain EL1 revealed, when compared with DNA amplified from free living Frankia strain EL1, that there was only one Frankia strain causing the observed nodules.     

Studies on Frankia sp. LLR 02022 from Casuarina cunninghanmiana and its mutant LLR 02023

Frankia sp. LLR 02022, isolated from nodules of Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq., and its spontaneous mutant LLR 02023, show similar morphology but slight differences in cell chemistry and major differences in carbohydrate utilization. The mutant has the same phospholipids, phospholipid fatty acids and menaqmnones as the parent, but shows quantitative differences in peptidoglycan composition, pigment production and triglyceride fatty acids. The parent utilizes only rhamnose; the mutant also utilizes arabinose, glucose and xylose under certain conditions of growth. The significance of these findings is discussed.     

GA3对含笑花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响

以含笑(Michelia figo)花粉为试材,采用花粉离体培养法,研究GA3对含笑花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明,GA3可以促进含笑花粉提早萌发,20～200 mg/L GA3对含笑花粉萌发和花粉管生长起促进作用,浓度超过200 mg/L花粉萌发和花粉管生长均受到抑制。以GA3200 mg/L的促进作用最好。     

GA_3对含笑花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响

以含笑（Michelia figo）花粉为试材,采用花粉离体培养法,研究GA3对含笑花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明,GA3可以促进含笑花粉提早萌发,20～200 mg/L GA3对含笑花粉萌发和花粉管生长起促进作用,浓度超过200 mg/L花粉萌发和花粉管生长均受到抑制。以GA3200 mg/L的促进作用最好。     

梅花花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长研究

(南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095)摘要:研究培养基成分、pH值和培养方式对梅花花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明:不同品种梅花花粉离体萌发的最适培养基为ME3+200g.L-1PEG4000(pH5.0),品种‘淡丰后’、‘久观绿萼’、‘喧妍宫粉’和‘月光玉蝶’最高萌发率可分别达到58.6%、60.6%、85.6%和50.7%。PEG4000能显著促进梅花花粉萌发,在培养基各成分中作用最大,不可替代。低浓度(50g.L-1)蔗糖对梅花品种花粉萌发作用不显著,而高浓度(≥100g.L-1)蔗糖明显抑制花粉萌发和花粉管生长。固体和液体培养对梅花花粉离体萌发的影响差异不显著。     

甜柿巨大花粉萌发特征及辐射敏感性研究

以‘禅寺丸’（Diospyros kakiL.f)为试材,对巨大花粉萌发率,花粉管伸长,亲和性及辐射敏感性进行了研究。结果表明：（1）巨大花粉在培养基和柱头上正常萌发,不存在萌发及亲和性障碍;（2）巨大花粉萌发迟缓及低萌发率造成其与普通花粉受精竞争中处于劣势;（3）巨大花粉和普通花粉对^60Coγ-射线辐射敏感性有差异。巨大花粉的敏感性低于普通花粉,1200Gy为刺激巨大花粉萌发的适合剂量,同时可抑制普通花粉萌发,从而可相对提高巨大花粉的受精竞争力;（4）辐射延迟效应造成巨大花粉的萌发率在一定期间内有下降趋势。但自身的修复机制可部分恢复其生活力。     

Artificial Germination of Gossypium Pollen and Its utilization in Interspecific Fertilization In Vitro

The effects of different media and cultural methods on cotton pollen germination were compared. Pollen germination was successful on the improved Taylor solid medium in which the extracts of the stigmata and petals of the original species, and the comprehensive amino acids were added, respectively. The germinating pollens were viable, and active protoplasmic streaming was observed within the pollen tube. It was found that low temperature pretreatment could increase the pollen germination rate. The reasons that low temperature pretreatment stimulated pollen germination and castor oil caused abortive germination of cotton pollens were discussed. In vitro fertilization between two species of Gossypium can be promoted by smearing the stigmata with the improved Taylor medium.     

NaCl胁迫对紫荆花粉萌发特性的影响

以紫荆（Cercis chinensis）为试验材料,采用花粉人工培养法研究不同浓度NaCl对紫荆花粉萌发特性的影响。结果表明：NaCl对紫荆花粉萌发有抑制作用,且抑制程度随培养基中NaCl浓度的增高而加强,NaCl显著抑制(P<0.05)紫荆花粉萌发的浓度为20 mmol/L,显著抑制(P<0.05)花粉管伸长生长的浓度为5 mmol/L。     

PEG对紫荆花粉萌发的影响(简报)

以紫荆Cercis chinensis花粉为材料,采用人工培养法研究不同浓度PEG对其萌发的影响。结果表明,PEG对紫荆花粉萌发率和花粉管长度均有促进作用,且以20 g·L^-1浓度处理最佳,萌发率和花粉管长度均显著高于其他浓度处理。