陕西,鄂西下寒武统西蒿坪段“瓶状微化石”再研究

本文展示了陕西西乡和湖北房县下寒武统西蒿坪段中的三块棘状集合体标本,论证了西蒿坪段中的所谓瓶状微化石不是原生动物,而一类接近于开腔骨类Ｃｈａｎｃｅｌｌｏｒｉｉｄｓ的多骨片后生动物化石。将过去在西蒿坪段中描述的１４属３８种“瓶状微化石”合并成１属１种,即Ｃａｍｂｒｏｔｈｙｒａ ａｍｐｕｌｌｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ Ｑｉａｎ ｅｔ Ｚｈａｎｇ,１９８３和Ｃ．ｔｒｕｎｃａｔａ （Ｄｕａｎ）,１９８６。     

苏皖象山群下部一些本内苏铁目化石的表皮构造研究

报道象山群下部的本内苏铁植物５属６种：Ｔｙｒｍｉａｓｕｓｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｐｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｕｍｓｐ．１,Ｐ．ｓｐ．２,Ａｎｏｍｏｚａｍｉｔｅｓｑｕａｄｒａｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,ＯｔｏｚａｍｉｔｅｓｈｓｉａｎｇｃｈｉｅｎｓｉｓＳｚｅ,Ｎｉｌｓｏｎｉｏｐｔｅｒｉｓｖｉｔａｔａ（Ｂｒｏｎｇｎ．）Ｆｌｏｒｉｎ,对其表皮构造进行了详细的描述。分布于苏皖沿江地区早中侏罗世的象山群,含有丰富的植物化石,但保存有炭质薄膜可资内部构造研究的标本尚属首次发现。     

长白山杜拉属蚯蚓一新种（寡毛纲：链胃蚓科）

本文报告长白山地区杜拉属蚯蚓一新种,长白山杜拉蚓Ｄｒａｗｉｄａｃｈａｎｇｂａｉｓｈａｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本保存存于杭州师范学院生物系。     

中国奥姬小蜂属(Aulogymnus Forster)研究(膜翅目:姬小蜂科)(英文)

本文研究了中国奥姬小蜂属（Ａｕｌｏｇｙｍｎｕｓ 　Ｆｏｒｓｔｅｒ）,该属在中国是首次发现。本文描述了 ４个新种,Ａ． ｅｌｅｖａｔｕｓ ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ, Ａ． ｈｙａｌｏｐｔｅｒｕｓ　 ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ, Ａ　、ｉｎｓｃｕｌｐｔｕｓ　ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ, Ａ． ｌｏｎｇｉｃａｌｃａｒ　 ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ。所有模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆。     

记述原始锥石类中的一个新属种

本文描述了我国四川峨嵋灯影组麦地坪段原始锥石类中的一个罕见的具有三个柱面的Ｅｍｅｉｃｏｎｕｌａｒｉａｔｒｉｇｅｍｍｅｇｅｎ．ｅｔｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。并与具有四个柱面的Ｃａｒｉｎａｃｈｉｔｉｄｓ和六个柱面的Ｈｅｘａｎｇｕｌａｃｏｎｕｌａｒｉｄｓ进行了比较讨论。经扫描电镜观察,该属种壳体由二层组成。内层由棱柱状胶结物组成,外层由微粒状磷酸盐颗粒组成。它们被认为是经过改造了的原生磷酸盐质壳壁。     

中国西南志留纪的豆海百合类

描述了豆海百合类２属７种，它们是：Ｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓ（Ｐ．）ｐｉｌｕｌａ，Ｐ．（Ｇ．）ｋｏｓｏｖｅｎｓｉｓ，Ｐ．（Ｇ．）ｂｏｈｅｍｉｃｕｓ，Ｐａｍｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓｏｌｌｕｌａ，Ｐ．Ｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｕｓ，以及Ｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓ（Ｇ．）ｂｒｅｖｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和Ｐａｒａｐｉｓｏｃｒｉｎｕｓｐａｔｅｒｉｆｏｒｍｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．；并首次发现了Ｐ．（Ｇ．）ｂｏｈｅｍｉｃｕｓ萼杯内腔的内部钙质骨胳构造。同时，还就波希米亚豆海百合种内变异和豆海百合类的对称性进行了研究。     

TWO NEW SPECIES OF SCELIMENIDAE AND FIRST DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE OF BOLIVARITETTIX LONGZHOUENSIS (ORTHOPTERA:TETRIGOIDEA) FROM CHINA

本文记述采自广西壮族自治区的刺翼蚱科昆虫２新种,即广西镰蚱Ｆａｌｃｏｎｉｕｓｇｕａｎｇｘｉｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎ．和短背真角蚱Ｅｕｃｒｉｏｔｅｔｉｘｂｒａｃｈｙｎｏｔｕｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。并对发现的龙州波蚱ＢｏｌｉｖａｒｉｔｅｔｉｘｌｏｎｇｚｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＪｉａｎｇ雌性进行了描述。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。     

贵州台江早、中寒武世凯里组的Wiwaxia

首次报道产于我国贵州台江早、中寒武世凯里组的Ｗｉｗａｘｉａ骨片化石，讨论了Ｗｉｗａｘｉｉｄａｅ与Ｈａｌｋｉｅｒｉｉｄａｅ和Ｓａｃｈｉｔｉｄａｅ不能归属于同一科，也不能将它与Ｓｉｐｈｏｇｏｎｕｃｈｉｔｉｄａｅ和Ｃｈａｎｃｅｌｌｏｒｉｉｄａｅ归于同一纲、目，它的分类位置尚不能确定。通过对新种Ｗｉｗａｘｉａｔａｉｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ的描述和讨论，指出了描述种产出的层位略低于北美的Ｗ．ｃｏｒｒｕｇａｔａＷａｌｃｏｔｔ的时代，但处于不同生物地理区系的两个种的生活环境却基本相似。     

牙形石Parapachycladina peculiaris的表面微细构造研究及其启示

Ｐａｒａｐａｃｈｙｃｌａｄｉｎａ ｐｅｃｕｌｉａｒｉｓ表面微细构造最初是以分散保存的牙形石分子为研究对象,作者应用逻辑推理和数理统计方法重塑的器官,在分类上应属Ｐｒｉｏｎｉｏｄｉｎｉｄａ目Ｅｌｌｉｓｏｎｉｄａｅ科。该牙形石器官中的六种分子均具有一致的口面和反口面表面微细构造,这种一致的口面和反口面表面微细构造的发现,为重塑该器官提供了更加可信的、来自牙形石本身的生物学证据,同时表明牙形石的表面微细     

吉林浑江地区早奥陶世亮甲山组的大型短粗壳内角石类

对产自吉林浑江大阳贫早奥陶世亮甲山组的大型粗壳内角石类进行系统进行,共描述２科３属３７种和１个科属未定标本,其中１新属、３新种和２未定种。首次报道Ｐｉｌｏｃｅｒａｔｉｄａｅ科分子（Ｐａｒａｃａｓｓｉｎｏｃｅｒａｓ ｄａｙａｎｇｃｈａｅｎｓｅ ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）在东亚的首次发现。提出角石类内体管构造的４个类型。详细讨论Ｍａｎｃｈｕｒｏｃｅｒａｓ和Ｍａｎｃｈｕｒｃｅｒａｉｄａｅ科的地理分布     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Caprine blood groups. 2. The C,G, H,I, J,K, L,N, and Q systems

Nine blood group systems of goats were identified using 12 caprine reagents produced by absorption of alloimmune antisera. The caprine C blood group system, possibly homologous to the ovine C blood group system, was characterized by two reagents and shown to be controlled by three alleles,C ¹²,C ²⁵, andC ⁻. A more complex blood group system of goats, designated G, was identified using three reagents and shown to be controlled by six codominant alleles (G ^10.19.20,G ^10.19,G ^10.20,G ¹⁰,G ¹⁹,G ²⁰) and a recessive allele (G ⁻). A further seven one-factor two-allelic systems were identified by seven reagents. The nine genetic systems provided exclusion probabilities of 0.479, 0.492, 0.548, and 0.572 in Australian Angora, Dairy, Cashmere, and Texan Angora goat breeds, respectively. This work was supported by a grant from the Australian Stud Book, Alison Road, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia.