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1.
贵州大沙河自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
魏刚  徐宁  张国防  谭杨梅 《四川动物》2007,26(2):347-350
对贵州道真县大沙河保护区的两栖爬行动物进行了3次调查研究。共采获两栖动物2目8科15属27种(亚种),占贵州省两栖动物总种数62种(亚种)的43.5%;爬行动物3目10科(亚科)28属34种(亚种),占贵州省爬行动物总种数104种的32.7%。从物种组成和区系分析,本保护区的两栖动物以无尾目的蛙科为主,共12种,占保护区内总种数27种的44.4%;主要区系成分为东洋界的华中区种,共11种,占保护区总种数的40.74%;其物种的组成与中国及贵州的两栖动物区系特点一致。爬行动物以游蛇科为其主要组成部分,共有17种,占该保护区爬行动物种数的50.0%;这一特征与我国以及贵州爬行动物的组成特征是基本一致的。但是大沙河地区爬行动物组成中,蝮亚科有2属5种,居第2位,与我国以及贵州的爬行动物组成特点不同,故蝮亚科为构成该区爬行动物区系的主要特征成分之一。本文还运用G-F指数对大沙河自然保护区的两栖爬行动物进行科属间的物种多样性分析。结果表明爬行动物的科内和科间的多样性较高,属内和属间的多样性较低,G-F指数为正值;两栖动物的科内和科间的多样性较低,属内和属间的多样性较高,G—F指数为负值。  相似文献   

2.
四川省喇叭河自然保护区的两栖爬行动物初步调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
喇叭河自然保护区共有两栖动物2月7科22种,区系组成以东洋界西南区为主;爬行动物1目7科17种,区系组成以东洋界广布种为主。两栖爬行动物是保护区内的重要资源。喇叭河自然保护区是保护横断山东缘物种多样性的关键地区之一。  相似文献   

3.
为深入了解武陵山西部(贵州省、重庆境内)两栖爬行类的资源分布和物种多样性特征,于2014年8月及2015年4—5月对武陵山西部贵州省、重庆市境内的国家级自然保护区和森林公园的两栖爬行动物资源进行了实地调查。本次调查共采获两栖类2目8科24属43种,爬行类2目12科37属56种,其中我国特有种29种,列入中国濒危动物红皮书的22种。此外,经查阅资料对调查区域内两栖爬行动物名录进行了补充完善。结果表明,调查区域内物种大多为东洋界物种和广布种,仅有中国林蛙Rana chensinensis为古北界物种。G-F物种多样性指数分析发现,该区域内两栖爬行类物种多样性整体较高,且爬行类的指数均高于两栖类。与以往研究成果对比,当地两栖爬行类动物多样性形势相对稳定,但由于当地经济发展迅速,为维持生态系统稳定和经济可持续发展,应进一步加强栖息地保护。  相似文献   

4.
为了解广西十万大山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物的资源现状,2012年4月、2014年5月、2015年7月及2016年5月先后对保护区进行了实地调查。通过对11条样线、1个样点的实际调查,并参考相关文献,共记录两栖爬行动物119种。其中,两栖动物47种,隶属于3目11科31属;爬行动物72种,隶属于2目16科48属。G-F指数计算结果表明,保护区两栖动物和爬行动物的物种多样性均处于较高水平。两栖动物生态类型以流水型、陆栖-静水型最为丰富,静水型、树栖型次之,陆栖-流水型、穴居型最少。保护区内两栖爬行动物区系表现出以华南区为主、华中华南区共存的分布格局;与地理距离相近的其他6个保护区的平均动物区系相似性比较结果表明,保护区与广西南部的弄岗国家级自然保护区的平均动物区系相似性最高,为密切关系;而与越南北部的Tay Yen Tu自然保护区相似性最小,为疏远关系。保护区内有国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物3种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物6种,广西重点保护动物22种;列入中国脊椎动物红色名录极危等级的物种12种,濒危19种,易危20种;CITES附录Ⅰ1种,附录Ⅱ20种,因此该保护区具有极高的保护价值。结合保护区两栖爬行动物的濒危情况和保护现状,提出了合理的、具有针对性的保护建议。  相似文献   

5.
本底资源是保护区建设与发展的基础,也是生物多样性深入研究与保护重要的参考资料。湖南小溪国家级自然保护区是我国中南地区具有代表性的原始次生林区,生物资源相对丰富。自2014年以来,对区内的两栖爬行动物资源、多样性及区系进行了较为系统的调查与研究。结果表明:区内现有两栖爬行动物2目16科40属63种,其中两栖动物1目7科15属33种,爬行动物1目9科25属30种;无声囊泛树蛙Polypedates mutus和老山树蛙Rhacophorus laoshan是湖南省两栖动物新记录;核心区的物种多样性指数和均匀度指数均高于缓冲区和实验区;动物区系成分缺乏古北界种类,以东洋界种类为主(48种,占76.2%),广布种有15种(23.8%);平均动物区系相似性比较发现,其与湖南省内其他6个保护区(森林公园)属于周缘关系。鉴于保护区两栖爬行动物资源的丰富性、典型性与代表性,应加强研究和保护。  相似文献   

6.
广西底定自然保护区两栖爬行动物物种多样性调查   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
广西底定自然保护区地处南亚热带湿润气候区,两栖爬行动物物种多样性相当丰富。经实地调查及文献资料查阅,现已知两栖动物22种、爬行动物23种。两栖动物反映华中华南区系特征,优势科为角蟾科和蛙科,均有6种;爬行动物反映华南区系特征,优势科为游蛇科,有11种。就该保护区内两栖爬行动物多样性的保护与管理进行了简要探讨。  相似文献   

7.
2014年7月对湖北崩尖子省级自然保护区的两栖爬行动物资源进行实地考察,并结合文献,结果显示,保护区内两栖爬行动物共77种,隶属4目22科。其中两栖纲2目10科36种,爬行纲2目12科41种。两栖爬行动物区系组成以东洋种(79.22%)为主,广布种(14.29%)、古北种(6.49%)次之,呈现出南北混杂的局面。随着海拔升高,两栖爬行动物生物多样性呈先上升后下降的趋势,海拔801~1 100 m两栖爬行动物的多样性最高。通过与鄂西南其他4个自然保护区的G-F指数比较,结果表明:崩尖子自然保护区的F指数、G指数和G-F指数均最高,分别为12.03、4.04和0.66。根据保护区两栖爬行动物资源的现状,提出了相应的保护措施。  相似文献   

8.
四川龙滴水自然保护区两栖爬行动物初步调查   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
2004年8月对四川省松潘县龙滴水自然保护区的两栖爬行动物进行了调查。结合资料记载,该保护区共有两栖动物12种,隶属于2目4科7属,其中8种属于中国特有种;爬行动物12种,隶属于1目4科9属,其中4种属于中国特有种;动物地理区系组成以东洋界的成分为主,物种多样性较丰富。  相似文献   

9.
浙江省古田山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源现状   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
浙江省古田山国家级自然保护区拥有丰富的两栖爬行类资源。2009年7月至2011年8月,对古田山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源现状展开了调查,观察到两栖动物17种(隶属2目7科),占浙江省两栖动物物种总数的38.5%,爬行动物14种(隶属2目4科),占浙江省爬行动物物种总数的27.5%。区系特点:在调查的两栖爬行种类中,只分布在东洋界的种类有21种,占总物种数的64.74%,东洋界和古北界均有分布的种类有10种,占32.26%,东洋界占优势。生态类群:两栖类中陆栖-静水型较多,占调查到的两栖动物种数的29.4%;爬行类中陆栖型较多,占调查到爬行动物种类的42.8%。根据保护区的现状,提出了两栖爬行动物的保护建议。  相似文献   

10.
为掌握湖南黄桑国家级自然保护区野生动物资源现状,促进保护区的有效管理,2013年7月30日—8月7日、2014年5月1日—8日,采用样带法对保护区两栖爬行动物资源进行了实地调查。结果表明:保护区共有两栖爬行动物77种,隶属于4目21科。其中,两栖纲2目9科31种,爬行纲2目12科46种;东洋界种类61种,广布种16种,无古北界物种,动物区系组成以东洋界华中区和华南区共有种为主;与2005年申报国家级自然保护区时的数据相比,此次新增16种两栖动物和7种爬行动物。两栖动物生态类型以流水型居多,其次为陆栖-静水型,树栖型、陆栖-流水型和静水型最少。多样性和均匀度指数分析结果显示:保护区两栖爬行动物物种多样性丰富,稳定性高,各属物种分布均匀,但各科的分布不均匀。通过平均动物区系相似性分析发现:保护区处于南岭山脉与雪峰山脉过渡地域,地理位置独特,两栖爬行动物地理区划亦体现出华中区西部山地高原亚区与东部丘陵平原亚区的过渡性。最后根据资源特点和管理现状,提出了针对性的保护建议。  相似文献   

11.
The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.  相似文献   

12.
Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.  相似文献   

13.
This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.  相似文献   

14.
A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.  相似文献   

15.
The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γj in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γj are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO3 (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li+ are: Cs+ (1.38), Rb+ (1.32), K+ (1.31), Na+ (1.16), TMA+ (0.53), TEA+ (0.45), TBA+ (0.03), Cl (0.19), glutamate (0.04), and NO3− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.  相似文献   

16.
17.
The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.  相似文献   

18.
The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.  相似文献   

19.
We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf) and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair, K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements.  相似文献   

20.
《Ibis》1894,36(3):447-460
  相似文献   

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