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1.
电子鼻技术在快速检测小麦矮腥黑穗病菌中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
由小麦矮腥黑穗病菌(TCK)引起的小麦矮腥黑穗病是我国重要的检疫性病害,为明确电子鼻技术在快速检测小麦矮腥黑穗病菌方面的可行性,利用电子鼻对含有TCK和小麦光腥黑穗病菌(TFL)不同冬孢子数(50g小麦种子中冬孢子数分别为0、100、101、102、103、104、105)的小麦进行了检测,采用主成分分析法(PCA)和线性判别法(LDA)进行数据分析。结果发现,这2种分析方法均可将不含TCK冬孢子的小麦和含TCK冬孢子的小麦区分开来,而且通过LDA分析,可将TCK冬孢子含量为100、101、102及103以上的处理区分开来。另外,通过PCA分析,可将TCK与TFL区分开来。此结果为电子鼻技术在快速检测小麦矮腥黑穗病菌中的应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
2.
采取随机扩增DNA多态性(Random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)引物介导的半特异PCR技术(RAPD primer mediated hemi-specific PCR,RM-PCR),在从不同地域征集的18个小麦矮腥黑穗菌(Tilletia controversa Kühn,TCK)菌株和29个小麦网腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia caries(DC)Tul,TCT)菌株的总基因组DNA中筛选鉴定出TCK独有的大小为1322bp差异基因组片段。根据该片段序列设计筛选出2对特异性引物CQUTCK2/CQUTCK3和CQUTCK4/CQUTCK5,均可以从18个TCK菌株的菌丝体和冬孢子DNA中稳定地扩增出747bp和200bp的单一靶带DNA,而在29个TCT菌株的菌丝体或冬孢子DNA均无任何扩增产物。以腥黑穗菌属通用引物对CQUK6/CQUK7为内置对照,可以确定被检样品是否含PCR抑制物质进而判断检测体系是否正确,同时有效地排除样品检测结果的假阳性和假阴性。采用建立的TCK特异PCR检测技术体系,实现简单而快速地鉴定小麦矮腥黑穗菌冬孢子或罹病小麦组织中侵染菌丝体的目的。 相似文献
3.
小麦内源特异参照基因的查找与定性PCR和实时荧光PCR验证 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
目的:先从理论上查找和比对了小麦属(Triticum)γ-醇溶蛋白基因(GAG56D)为小麦特异的内源基因,并用定性PCR和实时荧光PCR方法从实验特异性上进行了验证。方法:选择小麦基因组中部分基因序列在NCBI中进行同源性分析,查找在小麦中存在的内源特异参照基因,找到小麦属(Triticum)特异的γ-醇溶蛋白基因(GAG56D),设计并合成该基因的引物和探针序列,同时用定性PCR和实时荧光PCR方法进行检测,并优化了实验条件。结果:不仅在理论上查找和比对了γ-醇溶蛋白基因为小麦特异的内源基因,并用定性PCR和实时荧光PCR方法进行了实验特异性的验证。定性PCR产物经过琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析后,只在小麦属中可以检测到328bp的目的片段,而在其它作物中未扩增出目的片断。同样实时荧光PCR验证的结果小麦属内各个种均有扩增曲线出现,而在其它作物没有扩增曲线出现中。结论:该基因与方法可用作检测小麦属(唯一小麦种是栽培作物)内源特异参照基因。 相似文献
4.
雀麦是重要的牧草,近年来进口量激增。寄生于雀麦上的腥黑粉菌共有4种,即小麦矮腥黑穗菌Tilletia controversa(TCK)、雀麦腥黑粉菌T.bromi、T.bolayi和小麦网腥黑穗菌T.caries(TCT),根据冬孢子形态难以直接区分这些种类。本文在形态、自发荧光和萌发生理三方面的比较研究基础上,依据beta-微管蛋白tub2基因序列设计一套引物,转化为特异SCAR分子标记,建立了雀麦上T.bromi的菌丝基因组DNA的特异PCR检测方法和冬孢子的套式特异PCR检测方法,为病害提供了快速、可靠的检测方法。 相似文献
5.
以小麦印度腥黑穗病菌和黑麦草腥黑粉菌为研究对象,采用分子克隆技术,分别构建了该两种真菌分子检测的标准分子。前者包括线粒体2297 bp的DNA序列以及rDNA710 bp的ITS序列,后者包括线粒体2.3kb的DNA序列以及rDNA710 bp的ITS序列。分别对该两个标准分子进行了性能评估试验,测试结果显示所构建的标准分子具有良好的特异性、均匀性和稳定性,能够满足小麦印度腥黑穗病菌和黑麦草腥黑粉菌分子检测需求。 相似文献
6.
[目的]建立基于SYBR GreenⅠ染料法的卡他莫拉菌实时荧光PCR检测方法。[方法]选取卡他莫拉菌两个的基因(uspA1和copB)设计特异性引物;提取卡他莫拉菌、嗜肺军团菌等11种呼吸道病原体的DNA,通过常规PCR和实时荧光PCR对引物的特异性进行验证;以卡他莫拉菌DNA为模板进行实时荧光PCR,获取扩增曲线、标准曲线、熔解曲线和熔解峰图,并判断检测方法的灵敏度;进行重复性试验,评估检测方法的组内和组间重复性;通过模拟临床样本,对检测方法的灵敏度进行验证。[结果]共设计出3对引物,对嗜肺军团菌等10种呼吸道病原体具有特异性;对卡他莫拉菌的最低检出浓度为1.0×10^(3)cfu/mL;组内和组间最大变异系数分别为1.78%、1.89%;模拟的临床试验结果与预期相符。[结论]成功建立了卡他莫拉菌的实时荧光PCR检测方法,与10种常见的呼吸道病原体无交叉反应,且重复性变异系数小于2%,模拟临床试验灵敏度结果达到1.0×10^(3)cfu/mL。 相似文献
7.
【目的】建立转基因棉花MON88701品系特异性实时荧光聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)检测方法。【方法】利用实时荧光PCR技术,根据转基因棉花MON88701品系特异性序列设计引物和探针,建立转基因棉花MON88701实时荧光PCR检测方法,并测定本方法的灵敏度、特异性及可重复性。【结果】建立的检测方法特异于转基因棉花MON88701成分的检测,灵敏度测试表明其定量下限为34拷贝;重复性试验显示其相对标准偏差在可接受范围内。【结论】本研究建立的转基因棉花MON88701品系特异性实时荧光PCR检测方法具有良好的特异性和高灵敏度,适合对转基因棉花MON88701品系进行检测。 相似文献
8.
小麦根腐病菌索氏平脐蠕孢SYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR检测技术研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
由索氏平脐蠕孢Bipolaris sorokiniana引起的小麦根腐病,常和其他土传真菌病害混合发生,传统的症状鉴别方法很难区分,导致病害防控难度增加。为建立病菌实时荧光定量检测体系,根据ITS序列设计引物,筛选出1对特异性引物BS‐F/R,扩增片段大小为280bp。以菌丝DNA为标准品构建实时荧光定量标准曲线,并对其灵敏度、特异性、可重复性进行评价。结果表明,建立的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法速度快,灵敏度高,特异性强,重复性好。构建的荧光定量PCR标准曲线循环阈值与模板浓度呈良好的线性关系,溶解曲线的吸收峰单一,扩增效率良好。利用该定量检测体系,可以检测出田间小麦样品中52.8fg/μL的病菌DNA。 相似文献
9.
GA21转基因玉米实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
成功建立了实时荧光PCR鉴定检测转基因玉米GA21品系的方法。该方法通过GA21玉米品系的OTPmEPSPS边界的270bp和133bp靶序列,设计品系特异性检测引物和探针,同时针对Pactin1mEPSPS边界的430bp靶序列设计品系特异性检测引物,应用实时荧光PCR和PCR技术,特异性检测GA21玉米品系。结果表明,应用实时荧光PCR的TaqMan探针技术检测转基因作物边界序列,不仅可以达到品系鉴定的目的,而且该方法和常规PCR比特异性强,简便快速,同时实验采用完全闭管检测,又降低了污染机会,为转基因作物的品系鉴定检测提供了新方法。 相似文献
10.
【背景】条件致病菌肺炎克雷伯菌是医源性感染最重要的革兰氏阴性菌之一,目前对该病原菌的核酸检测方法存在费时费力、灵敏度低、准确性差等问题。【目的】建立基于芯片式数字PCR的肺炎克雷伯菌检测方法。【方法】依据肺炎克雷伯菌的16SrRNA基因保守序列设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,通过与实时荧光定量PCR的比较分析,确定了芯片式数字PCR方法的检测范围和最佳反应条件,并进行了方法特异性、灵敏性分析及临床菌株的检测。【结果】芯片式数字PCR检测灵敏度比实时荧光定量PCR提高了约1.5个数量级,最低检出限可达到3.77 copies/μL;优化后的芯片式数字PCR特异性与实时荧光定量PCR结果一致,方法的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)均小于25%;本研究利用优化后的芯片式数字PCR方法共检测了28株临床菌株,检测到14株为肺炎克雷伯菌,14株为其他种属,这也与实时荧光定量PCR检测结果一致。【结论】采用芯片式数字PCR技术建立了肺炎克雷伯菌核酸检测的绝对定量方法。该方法特异性好、灵敏度高、准确度高,适合肺炎克雷伯菌的核酸检测和定量分析,也为其他临... 相似文献
11.
A F Quest J K Chadwick D D Wothe R A McIlhinney B M Shapiro 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1992,267(21):15080-15085
TCK, the flagellar creatine kinase (ATP:creatine N-phosphotransferase) of sperm from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is a membrane-associated lipophilic protein involved in energy transport. The cDNA derived protein sequence contains a consensus site sufficient for the covalent attachment of myristate. To examine whether TCK was myristoylated, mouse fibroblast Swiss 3T3 and baby hamster kidney cell lines were transfected with a cDNA encoding the entire TCK protein linked to a metallothionein promotor. TCK expression was induced by zinc and paralleled by incorporation of [3H]myristic acid derived label into the protein. 3H Label incorporated into TCK was resistant to hydroxylamine treatment. The 3H-labeled material released from TCK by acid methanolysis eluted from a C18 reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography column at the positions of myristic acid and methylmyristate. Thus, TCK expressed in transfected mammalian cell lines contains authentic myristic acid, covalently attached through amide linkage. [3H]Myristoyl TCK comigrated on two-dimensional gels with the purified lipophilic isoform TCK II from sea urchins. Furthermore, like TCK II, [3H]myristoyl TCK associated with phospholipid liposomes, suggesting that myristoylation may mediate the observed membrane association of TCK. Myristoylation of sea urchin sperm flagellar creatine kinase may play a role in confining this enzyme to the flagellum during spermatogenesis. 相似文献
12.
13.
An external transcribed spacer (ETS) walking PCR technique was developed for the isolation of unknown sequences adjacent to
the 18S rDNA. This strategy relied on four "walking primers", which were designed to bind unknown sequences upstream from
the 18S rDNA, and a specially programmed series of thermocycles. This method was successful in the isolation of the 5' ETS
regions from harmful dinoflagellates, including Alexandrium affine, A. catenella, A. minutum, A. tamarense, and Akashiwo sanguinea. Mono-directional sequencing reactions revealed the PCR products to be 392–962 nucleotides in length, and the 5' ETS in these
products were longer than 362 bp. These are the first such sequences available for A. sanguinea and the Alexandrium. In comparisons of the ETS sequences, genetic distance was considerably high within the Alexandrium. Furthermore, the sequences were significantly variable among the different strains of identical species: genetic distance
was recorded at 0.0420 for A. tamarense strains and as less than 0.7841 within strains of A. sanguinea. The 5'-start nucleotide of 18S rDNA was variable between the two genera: the five species of Alexandrium contained a T base, and A. sanguinea contained an A base. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the ETS walking PCR method. This method will be valuable
in directional ETS walking from known regions to unknown regions, particularly concerning the boundary sequences of rRNA genes. 相似文献
14.
The flagellar creatine kinase (TCK) of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sperm is both a principal component of sperm tail membrane preparations and a cytosolic enzyme. An improved purification scheme identified three pools of TCK, termed TCK I, TCK II, and TCK III. TCK I and II were essentially homogeneous protein preparations, while TCK III was heavily contaminated with other flagellar proteins, predominantly guanylate cyclase, and alpha- and beta-tubulin. The three TCK species are roughly present in a 1:10:1 ratio as assessed by activity measurements. TCK I and II are similar proteins as shown by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, partial proteolytic fragmentation, and cellulose polyacetate electrophoresis and have the same pH-dependent specific activity. However, they are functionally distinct with respect to their capacity to associate with lipids. TCK II associated readily with phospholipid liposomes and detergent micelles, while TCK I did not. Association of TCK II was as a protein monomer with an apparent Kd of approximately 1-2 mM at a 10(4):1 lipid or detergent to protein ratio. Whereas the Kd estimates were pH independent, the rate of association increased 2-3-fold between pH 6.5 and 8. The data are consistent with membrane-association of TCK II being a two-step process, involving a pH-dependent, intramolecular, TCK-specific step and a charge-facilitated, but pH-independent, membrane association step. Membrane association of TCK may, together with microtubule association (Tombes, R.M., Farr, A., and Shapiro, B.M. (1988) Exp. Cell Res. 178, 307-317) represent a mechanism required for specific accumulation of the enzyme within the flagellum. 相似文献
15.
Rapid initial cleavage of nascent pre-rRNA transcripts in yeast 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
16.
Li Gao Huixin Yu Wensu Han Fei Gao Taiguo Liu Bo Liu Xiaohui Kang Jiguo Gao Wanquan Chen 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2014,30(12):3185-3195
Tilletia controversa Kühn (TCK) is an important quarantine pathogen that causes wheat dwarf bunt and results in devastating damage to wheat production. The fungus is difficult to be distinguished from T. caries and T. laevis, which cause wheat common bunt, based on morphological, physiological and symptomatological characteristics of the pathogens. The traditional detection of the fungus can be a long and tedious process with poor accuracy. The inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) technique has been used for identifying molecular markers for detection of TCK. Of 28 ISSR primers screened, ISSR-859 amplified a specific 678 bp DNA fragment from all TCK isolates but not from any isolates of the common bunt fungi or other pathogenic fungi tested. Based on the fragment sequence, a pair of sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers was designed, which amplified a 372 bp DNA fragment specifically in TCK. The SCAR marker was detected using as low as 1 ng template DNA of TCK, and was also detected using broken teliospores and DNA from asymptomatic wheat samples. We developed the SYBR Green I and TaqMan Green I and TaqMan real-time polymorphism chain reaction methods to detect TCK with the detection limit of 0.1 fg with asymptomatic wheat samples. Further work is needed to develop a rapid test kit for this pathogenic fungus using the designed specific primers. 相似文献
17.
栝楼籽核糖体失活蛋白(TCK)与天花粉蛋白(TCS)性质比较研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
建立了从栝楼种籽大规模制备核糖体失活蛋白(TCK)的方法。进行了TCK与天花粉蛋白(TCS)性质比较研究。 相似文献