转cry1C基因抗虫水稻吉生粳3号外源基因整合分析与品系特异性检测

利用染色体步移方法分离获得转cry1C基因抗虫水稻吉生粳3号外源基因旁侧序列及其水稻基因组中的插入位点,并建立了吉生粳3号品系特异性PCR检测方法。通过对吉生粳3号外源基因左、右边界旁侧序列分别与水稻基因组序列和T-DNA序列的比对分析确定其插入位点,发现T-DNA在水稻基因组(日本晴)2号染色体上的基因间区2790685-2790589位点(GenBank登记号:NC_029257.1)。根据T-DNA插入位点,在插入位点两侧基因组区域和T-DNA左边界设计特异性引物,建立了吉生粳3号事件特异性PCR检测方法,为吉生粳3号的身份识别提供了准确、快速的检测技术手段。     

一种检测转1Dx5基因小麦植株的新方法

目的:建立一种有效区分Glu-1D等位基因的Multiplex-PCR体系,快速检测转1Dx5小麦植株。方法:根据1Dx5和1Dx2亚基基因的区别设计特异的PCR引物,通过多重PCR技术检测花粉管通道法转化1Dx5核心片段的转基因T1代植株。结果:Multiplex-PCR能够在转基因T1代材料中扩增Glu-1D等位基因的特征条带,分别为343bp、320bp的1Dx5基因特异片段以及361bp的1Dx2基因特异片段,与预期结果一致。结论:该技术能够检测多个靶基因,有效地区分转基因Glu-1D上的等位基因,证实外源1Dx5基因已整合到受体基因组中,对检测基因组庞大、外源基因序列GC含量高且与内源基因同源性高的转基因小麦十分有效。     

外源基因在转基因玉米中的整合位点分析

玉米是我国第一大作物,在保障我国粮食安全中发挥重要作用。通过转基因技术培育具有抗病虫等性状的转基因玉米新品种,可有效减少产量损失。培育的转基因玉米需要鉴定外源基因整合位点,为转基因玉米的安全性评价提供重要依据。以一个抗虫转基因玉米事件IE34为材料,采用热不对称PCR(TAIL-PCR)和遗传定位方法,鉴定外源基因整合位点及旁侧序列。通过TAIL-PCR得到一段长度为776 bp的玉米基因组序列。分别在旁侧序列和外源基因上游序列设计特异性引物,建立了转基因玉米事件特异性的PCR鉴定方法。将旁侧序列在MaizeGDB中进行比对分析,发现此序列是重复序列而且存在于多条染色体上。构建转基因玉米IE34与自交系B73的F2代遗传分离群体,通过BSR-Seq方法确定外源基因整合在玉米第5染色体短臂2.32-2.70Mb区间内。通过精细定位将外源基因整合位点缩小在第5染色体2.35-2.61 Mb约260 kb的区间内。本研究结果表明,对于整合位点旁侧序列复杂的转基因事件,TAIL-PCR结合遗传定位方法能够有效鉴定外源基因的整合位点。     

转基因小麦B73-6-1品系特异性定性 PCR检测方法的建立

以转基因小麦B73-6-1为研究对象,通过染色体步行技术,成功分离到B73-6-1上pAHC25质粒外源基因插入位点的3'端旁侧序列,其扩增片段覆盖了转化载体及转基因小麦基因组旁侧序列。同时根据旁侧序列设计引物,建立品系特异性定性PCR检测方法,以典型的转基因作物证明该方法检测B73-6-1具有高特异性。该方法特异性好、灵敏度高, 可快速、准确、高效地检测转基因小麦B73-6-1品种。     

应用接头PCR克隆慢病毒介导的转基因小鼠整合位点旁侧序列

目的为鉴定慢病毒介导的转基因小鼠中外源基因的整合位点信息,应用接头PCR克隆整合位点旁侧序列。方法小鼠基因组总DNA酶解后与设计的接头片段连接,根据慢病毒的LTR序列设计巢式PCR引物,克隆转基因小鼠整合位点旁侧序列。结果成功克隆到转基因小鼠整合位点的旁侧序列,经过测序定位于小鼠染色体上。结论作为反向PCR的改进,本方法可用于转基因小鼠整合位点旁侧序列的克隆,为分析整合位点与外源基因表达之间的关系等提供了科学依据。     

抗除草剂转基因大豆插入拷贝数及其旁侧序列分析

目的:确定抗除草剂转基因大豆外源基因拷贝数和其插入位点侧翼序列.方法:采用绝对定量PCR法测定转EPSPS基因大豆中外源基因拷贝数,内参照基因标准曲线选用大豆凝集素(Lectin)基因为标准品,外源基因标准曲线以含EPSPS基因的阳性质粒为标准品.采用基因组步移技术和巢式PCR方法确定抗除草剂转基因大豆插入位点旁侧序列.结果:抗除草剂转基因大豆外源基因的拷贝数为1.CaMV35S上游扩增887bp,NOS下游扩增1 340bp.结论:明确了EPSPS外源基因在转基因大豆中为单拷贝,转基因大豆插入位点附近大豆基因组发生了DNA重排.     

PCR对转基因玉米CBH351品系的鉴定检测

成功建立了转基因玉米CBH351（Starlink^TM)的筛选和品系鉴定检测的PCR方法,该方法根据玉米自身IVR基因作为内源特异参照基因来检查模板DNA提取的质量,避免了假阴性结果,设计检测CaMV35S启动子的引物扩增195bp,来对转基因玉米进行筛选检测;并进一步设计转基因玉米CBH351（StarlinkTM)品系转化质粒图谱中CaMV35S启动子和Cry9C边界位置基因特异性引物扩增170bp,以及目标基因Cry9C的右端与CaMV35S终止子的左端边界位置基因特异性引物扩增171bp,以此来鉴定检测CBH351（StarlinkTM)的品系。     

转HSSP基因大豆的分子检测和遗传稳定性分析

HSSP是用大豆密码子改造的10 kD玉米醇溶蛋白基因。在前期研究中,从获得的转基因大豆中筛选到1份单拷贝转基因材料GSDH5。该研究采用染色体步移法获取转基因大豆GSDH5的T-DNA插入位点的左边界旁侧序列,对获得的左边界旁侧序列进行分析,设计特异性引物,建立转基因大豆GSDH5特异性检测方法;采用Real-time PCR检测外源基因在转基因大豆不同组织部位(根、茎、叶、花和种子)中的表达量,采用RT-PCR和Western blot检测外源基因在转录和翻译水平上的遗传稳定性,并对转基因大豆GSDH5中的粗蛋白、含硫氨基酸含量及主要农艺性状进行测定分析,为培育高含硫氨基酸转基因大豆新品种奠定基础。结果表明:(1)分子鉴定显示,外源基因HSSP和筛选标记基因Bar成功整合到受体大豆‘东农50’基因组中,且以单拷贝的形式整合到大豆基因组中。(2)HSSP基因成功插入到大豆基因组1号染色体非编码区52 873 883 bp处。(3)HSSP基因在转基因大豆GSDH5的种子中特异性表达,且在T_2～T_4代转基因大豆中能够稳定遗传并表达。(4)‘东农50’粗蛋白含量在41.53%～43.32%之间,GSDH5粗蛋白含量在40.18%～43.03%之间,两者相比无显著差异;GSDH5种子中硫氨基酸占种子干样的比例为1.35%,占种子蛋白的比例为3.14%,与转基因受体品种‘东农50’相比,占比显著升高,分别增加了11%和16%。(5)转基因大豆GSDH5植株与受体品种‘东农50’在单株荚数、百粒重、株高、结荚习性、花色、叶形等方面均无显著差异,证明HSSP基因的插入对大豆植株的生长发育无不良影响。研究认为,转基因大豆GSDH5材料具备进一步培育成高含硫氨基酸大豆新品种的潜力。     

基于数字PCR的转基因水稻LL62品系精准定量检测方法建立

为了促进转基因产品标识制度的顺利实施,对未获我国农业部批准的转基因水稻LL62品系进行精准定量检测方法研究,以保障我国进出口转基因农产品的检测监管。基于转基因水稻LL62品系外源插入片段和水稻基因组DNA的3'端旁侧序列设计数字PCR检测体系,建立了精准定量检测方法。结果显示,设计的引物探针反应效率高,基于此建立的数字PCR方法高度特异于转基因水稻LL62品系检测;方法可重复性好,生成微滴数相对标准偏差(RSD)值介于0.60%-11.11%;准确度高,3个混合样品(10%、1%和0.1%)测定值与真实值之间的偏差(bias)分别为0.12、0.09和0.10,相对标准偏差(RSD)介于0.09%-10.31%。建立的转基因水稻LL62品系微滴数字PCR定量检测方法简便快捷、特异性强、重复性好、准确度高,可准确有效地对农产品和食品中转基因水稻LL62成分进行精准定量分析。     

转基因水稻“科丰6号”实时荧光PCR定性定量检测方法研究

旨在建立转基因水稻"科丰6号"外源基因和边界序列的实时荧光PCR检测方法,为科丰6号定性定量检测提供技术支持。根据外源基因和边界序列信息,设计实时荧光PCR探针引物,优化体系,对不同转基因产品和不同转基因含量的"科丰6号"水稻进行检测。结果显示,所设计的引物探针具有很好的特异性,与其他转基因水稻品系、转基因玉米、转基因棉花、转基因番茄和非转基因水稻均无非特异性反应,对转基因水稻"科丰6号"的检测灵敏度达到0.01%。建立的科丰6号实时荧光PCR检测方法重复性好、灵敏度高,能够达到目前国际上转基因产品定量检测的标准,为该水稻品系的定性定量检测提供技术支持。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.