栽培肉苁蓉的化学成分研究

从栽培肉苁蓉中分离到１０个化合物,利用光谱和化学方法鉴定了它们的结构,分别为γ－戊内酯（１）、６－去氧梓醇（２）、８－表马钱子酸（３）、Ｄ－葡萄糖（４）、鹅掌楸脂素ｌｉｒｉｌｄｅｎｄｒｉｎ（５）、β－谷甾醇葡萄糖甙（６）、半乳糖醇（７）、β－谷甾醇（８）、     

倒心盾翅藤的化学成分研究

从药用植物倒心盾翅藤（Aspidopterys obcordata Hemsl.）中首次分离得到５个化合物,通过波谱分析分别鉴定为木栓酮（１）、无羁萜－３β－醇（２）、二二烷酸甲酯（３）、１０－二九烷醇（４）、豆甾醇（５）和daphnetin-8-glucopyranoside(6)。     

臭灵丹中四个新的倍半萜酸

从云南省芒市产臭灵丹［Ｌａｇｇｅｒａｐｔｅｒｏｄｎｔａ（ＤＣ．）Ｂｅｎｔｈ］中,分离得以４个新的桉烷型倍半萜酸,结构鉴定为５,１２－二烯－桉烷－１３－酸（１）;１β－式－５,１２－二烯－桉烷－１３－酸（２）;３β－羟基－５,１２－二烯－桉烷－１３－酸（３）。     

光轴苎叶Ju的化学成分研究

从光轴苎叶Ｊｕ地上部分甲醇浸膏中分得１１个化合物,经波谱分析确定其结构分别为：β－谷旮醇（４）,４－烯－６β－羟基－３豆甾烷酮（２）,麦角甾醇过氧化物（３）,α－软脂酸甘油酯（４）,（Ｅ）－３,４－亚甲二氧基苯丙烯醛（５）,胡椒碱（６）,胡椒次碱（７）,荜拔明宁碱（８）,ｇｕｉｎｅｅｎｓｉｎｅ（９）,ｃｅｐｈａｒａｎｏｎｅＡ（１０）,ｃｅｐｈａｒａｎｏｎｅＢ（１）。     

油蒿挥发油的化感作用研究

对毛乌素沙地油蒿挥发油的化感作用（Ａｌｅｌｏｐａｔｈｙ）及其化学成分进行了研究。结果表明：油蒿挥发油对苋、诸葛菜、萝卜种子萌发和幼苗生长具有不同程度的抑制作用;对小麦种子萌发几乎无影响,但对其幼芽和幼根的生长具一定影响。抑制作用最强的是对苋种子,挥发油组最终萌发率１８％,比对照组减少７１％,对其幼芽和幼根的生长影响也很明显。用ＧＣ、ＧＣ－ＭＳ－ＤＳ联用方法,共鉴定４３个化合物,其中相对百分含量在１．５％以上的化合物有如下１４种：１）α－蒎烯（α－ｐｉｎｅｎｅ）,２）桧烯（Ｓａｂｉｎｅｎｅ）,３）β－蒎烯（β－ｐｉｎｅｎｅ）,４）月桂烯（Ｍｙｒｃｅｎｅ）,５）对伞花烃（ρ－ｃｙｍｅｎｅ）,６）柠檬烯（Ｌｉｍｏｎｅｎｅ）,７）β－水芹烯（β－ｐｈｅｌａｎ－ｄｒｅｎｅ）,８）β－顺式罗勒烯（β－ｃｉｓ－ｏｃｉｍｅｎｅ）,９）β－反式罗勒烯（β－ｔｒａｎｓ－ｏｃｉｍｅｎｅ）,１０）松油烯－４－醇（Ｔｅｒｐｉｎｅｎ－４－ｏｌ）,１１）α－姜黄烯（α－ｃｕｒｃｕｍｅｎｅ）,１２）茵陈炔（Ｃａｐｉｌｅｎｅ）,１３）橙花叔醇（Ｎｅｒｏｌｉｄｏｌ）,１４）匙叶桉油烯醇（Ｓｐａｔｈｕｌｅｎｏｌ）。     

石香薷中化学成分的研究

从石香薷（Ｍｏｓｌａ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｍａｘｉｍ ．）中分离到１０ 个化合物,经光谱分析、化学方法及与已知化合物对照,分别鉴定为：６－甲基三十三烷（１）、β－谷甾醇（２）、熊果酸（３）、５－羟基－６,７－二甲氧基黄酮（４）、５－羟基－６－甲基－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖（３→１）－β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖双氢黄酮甙（５）、５,７－二羟基－４－甲氧基黄酮（６）、洋芹素（７）、山奈素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（８）、桑色素－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（９）、鼠李柠檬素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－芹糖（１→５）芹糖－４－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（１０）。其中,化合物５和１０ 为新化合物     

云木香化学成分研究 II

从丽江产云木香（ＳａｕｓｓｒｅａｌａｐｐａＣ．Ｂ．Ｃｌａｒｋｅ）根中分离得到的另外７化合物,它们分别是孕甾炮醇酮（ｐｒｅｇｎｅｎｏｌｏｎｅ）（１）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）（２）葫萝卜甙（ｄａｕｃｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）（３）,苯丙素甙（ｓｙｒｉｎｇｉｎ）（４）,木质素甙（１－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｐｉｎｏｒｅｓｉｎｏｌ－１－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ）（５）油酸（ｚ,ｚ）－９,１２－ｏ     

弯蕊开口箭中一个新的甾体皂甙元

从云南民间抗炎药弯蕊开口箭（Ｔｕｐｉｓｔｒａ ｗａｔｔｉｉ Ｈｏｏｋ．ｆ．）的新鲜根状茎中分离到１个新的甾体皂甙元,命名为弯蕊开口箭甙元Ａ（ｗａｔｔｉｇｅｎｉｎ Ａ）,其结构通过光谱分析鉴定为螺甾－２５（２７）－烯－１β,２β,３β,４β,５β,６β－六醇;同时还分离到１个已知的甾体皂甙元,兰茂甙元Ｄ（ｒａｎｍｏｇｅｎｉｎＤ）。     

万丈深的化学成分

万丈深（ＣｒｅｐｉｓｐｈｏｅｎｉｘＤｕｎｎ）为菊科还阳参属植物,分布于云南等地。有祛风散寒、消炎解毒的作用,用于治疗感冒,上呼吸道感染,支气管炎等。其化学成分尚未见报道。对该植物地下部分的化学成分进行研究,分离得到８个化合物。经分析鉴定为：蒲公英赛醇（ｔａｒａｘｅｒｏｌ,１）,α－香树素乙酸酯（α－ａｍｙｒｉｎａｃｅｔａｔｅ,２）,β－香树素乙酸酯（β－ａｍｙｒｉｎａｃｅｔａｔｅ,３）,α－香树素（α－ａｍｙｒｉｎ,４）,β－香树素（β－ａｍｙｒｉｎ,５）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,…     

宝兴卫矛甾体成分研究

从宝兴卫矛（Ｅｕｏｎｙｍｕｓ ｍｕｐｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌｏｅｓ ｅｔ Ｒｅｈｄ）中分离得到６个化合物,分别鉴定为：豆甾－４－烯－３,６－二酮（１）,ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａｎｅ－３β,６α－ｄｉｏｌ（２）,ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａｎｅ－３β,５,６α－ｔｒｉｏｌ（３）,３β－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－５α,８α－ｅｐｉｄｉｏｃｙｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－６Ｅ,２２Ｅ－ｄｉｅｎｅ（４）,β－谷甾醇（５）,胡萝卜甙（６）,化合物１￣４     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.